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Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note 阅读理解ADont have plenty of time for reading？If you are interested in nonfiction books，here are good choices for you.A Room of Ones OwnThis essay by English writer Virginia Woolf is based on her several lectures given to two womens colleges at Cambridge University in 1928. In it，Woolf describes that its circumstance not talent alone that allows men to be more successful at writing.Women，in other words，spend so much time cooking，cleaning，and tending to their children that they have no time left for art. To write well，therefore，a woman must have “a room of her own”. While on its surface，this essay appears to be only about writing，it is actually about wealth and class，freedom and imprisonment，and the power struggle between sexes.The Art of WarWritten by ancient Chinese military strategist Sun Zi，The Art of War is widely considered to be one of the best books about military strategy(军事战略) in human history. Consisting of 13 chapters，each dealing with a separate aspect about how to fight a war，the book has been translated into many languages and has thousands of editions. For centuries，it has been used to train military leaders for its detailed study of military strategy and effective leadership.Letter to My DaughterThis book of essays and poems by Maya Angelou，a respectable American poet，is written for “the daughter she never had”the millions of women，both young and old，who she considers to be her “family”. From the viewpoint of a caring，older relative，this book contains lessons selected from her own life experiences，including the birth of her only child，a son，as well as the development and loss of friendship.A Brief History of TimeIf youre short on time，then why not read about，well，the creation of time？This book，first published in 1998 from brilliant scientist and mathematician Stephen Hawking，explores mindbending questions about the creation of the universe，including if and when it will end，and if so，how. Despite its heavy subject matter，Hawking addresses these questions in a way thats easy to understand，even for those who know little about physics.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了四本纪实类文学作品。1What can we learn about the four books?AA Brief History of Time mainly focuses on the matter of time.BLetter to My Daughter is actually a mon family letter.CThe Art of War gives advice on how to be military leaders.DA Room of Ones Own is more than about writing.D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“While on its.between sexes.”可知，虽然表面上这篇文章只跟写作有关，但是实际上它是有关财富和社会等级，自由和监禁以及两性之间的权力之争的，所以D项正确。more than意思是“不仅仅”。2What can be inferred from the passage?AAs a physicist，Hawking is equally famous for writing.BMaya devotes herself to fighting for womens rights.CThe book by Sun Zi is helpful in policymaking.DWoolf looks down upon men in writing.C解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The Art of War.to fight a war”可知，The Art of War对政策的制定有帮助。所以选项C正确。3What is the purpose of the passage?ATo make parisons between the four books.BTo remend the four books to readers.CTo make ments on the four books.DTo promote sales of the four books.B解析：写作意图题。根据第一段可知，写作本文的目的是向读者介绍文中提到的四本作品。所以选项B正确。B(2018福建福州普通高中毕业班综合质量检测)According to a team of researchers, an animals ability to perceive(感知) time is linked to their pace of life.“Our results lend support to the importance of time perception in animals where the ability to perceive time in a very short time may be the difference between life and death for fast moving creatures，” mented the lead author Kevin Healy from Trinity College Dublin.The study was done with a variety of animals using a phenomenon based on the maximum speed of flashes of light an individual can see before the light source is seen as constant. Dogs, for example, have eyes with a refresh rate higher than humans.One example of this phenomenon at work, the authors say, is the housefly and its ability to avoid being hit. The research shows flies observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve, which allows them to avoid being hit.Professor Graeme Ruxton of the University of St Andrews in Scotland, who worked jointly on the research project, said in a statement, “Having eyes that send updates to the brain at much higher frequencies than our eyes do is of no value if the brain cannot process that information equally quickly. Thus, this work highlights the impressive abilities of even the smallest animal brains. Flies might not be deep thinkers, but they can make good decisions very quickly.”In parison, the tiger beetle(虎甲虫) runs faster than its eyes can keep up, basically being blind, which requires it to stop periodically to reevaluate its preys(猎物) position.Our results suggest that time perception offers an as yet unstudied dimension in which animals can specialize and there is a considerable range to study this system in more detail.【解题导语】本文是一篇科普说明文。研究发现，动物感知时间的能力和它们的生活节奏有关，对于快速移动的动物来说，在短时间内感知时间的能力决定着它们的生死。文章列举了家蝇、狗和虎甲虫等动物，证明了动物感知时间的能力的重要性。4What is the research mentioned in the passage mainly about?APace of life of animals.BTime perception of animals.CLifetime of small animals.DImpressive abilities of animals.B解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，“According to a team of researchers, an animals ability to perceive(感知) time is linked to their pace of life.”为本文的主题句；结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究发现：动物感知时间的能力和它们的生活节奏有关，故B项正确。5What does Kevin Healys ment mean in Para. 2?AThe ability of animals to perceive time depends on their high moving speed.BThe survival of fast moving animals relies on their ability to perceive time.CAnimals with quicker pace of life have better perception of time.DAnimals with poor ability of time perception have a shorter life.B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段Kevin Healy所说的话可知，Kevin Healy认为，对于快速移动的动物来说在短时间内感知时间的能力决定着它们的生死；据此可知，该句是说快速移动的动物的生存依赖于它们对时间的感知能力，故B项正确。6Why can houseflies avoid being hit?AThey can think very deeply before they act.BThey can fly much faster than their eyes can keep up.CThey can process information as quickly as they receive it.DThey can send information to the brain more quickly than to their eyes.C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“The research shows flies observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve, which allows them to avoid being hit.”可知，家蝇能比我们在更短的时间内感知到物体的运动，这是它们得以避免被拍死的原因，故C项正确。7What will a tiger beetle have to do to catch a moving prey?ATry to run as fast as it can.BPrevent itself from being blind.CSlow down to gain its time perception.DStop occasionally to spot the prey again.D解析：细节理解题。根据第六段可知，虎甲虫虽然奔跑的速度快，但是视力跟不上奔跑的速度，需要偶尔停下来重新确定猎物的位置，故D项正确。 完形填空(2018山西考前适应性测试)My father, Danny Thomas, was a famous edian, singer, actor, and producer with many fans. When I was a child I 1 him. Once, my father made a(n) 2 with Margaret OBrien and he often took me to the set. I also wanted to be a movie star. Ten years later, at age seventeen, I got my 3 I played the lead in Gigi. However, the 4 of finally being a real actress was painfully shortlived. All the interviews and all the reviews 5 my father.Would I be as good as my father? Would I be as popular? I was extremely 6 I loved my father, but my 7 was just him.“Daddy，” I began, “please dont be 8 when I tell you this. I want to change my 9 . I love you but I dont want to be a Thomas anymore.”I tried not to 10 during the long silence. And then he said, “I raised you to be a thoroughbred(优秀的赛马). When thoroughbreds run, they wear blinders to keep their eyes focused straight 11 with no disturbance, no other horses. They hear the crowd but they dont 12 . They just run their own race. Thats what you have to do. Dont listen to anyone 13 you to me or to anyone else. You just run your own race.”The next night 14 the crowd filed into the theater, the stage manager 15 me a white box with a red ribbon. I opened it up and inside was a pair of old horse blinders with a little note that 16 ， “Run your own race, Baby.”Run your own race, Baby. Dad could have said it a dozen other ways：“Be 17 ”； “Dont be influenced by others.” But it wouldnt have been the same. He chose the right words at the right time. And all 18 my life, Ive been able to e to the point by asking myself, “Am I running my race or 19 elses？”I thank my father for all his words that continue to live in my 20 【解题导语】作者通过自己的经历让我们明白一个人生哲理：走好自己的路，让别人说去吧。1A.hatedBadoredCfearedDavoidedB解析：根据上文中提及的was a famous edian, singer, actor, and producer with many fans可知，作者的父亲是一个著名的喜剧家、歌手、演员及制作人，而且有许多粉丝，因此，作者小时候很崇拜(adored)他。故选B项。hate意为“厌恶；憎恨”；fear意为“害怕；恐惧”；avoid意为“避免”。2A.movieBalbumCrecordDinterviewA解析：根据下文中的I also wanted to be a movie star.可知，此处指作者的父亲跟玛格丽特奥布赖恩一起拍电影(movie)，他经常把作者带到拍摄现场。故选A项。album意为“相册；唱片”；record意为“记录”；interview意为“采访；面试”。3A.positionBawardCdegreeDchanceD解析：根据下文中的I played the lead in Gigi.可知，作者也想成为一名电影明星，而她在电影琪琪中饰演主角，说明作者在17岁时得到了一次机会(chance)。故选D项。position意为“职位；位置”；award意为“荣誉；奖励”；degree意为“程度；学位”。4A.affectionBanxietyCexcitementDbitternessC解析：联系上文及常识可知，作者实现了当演员的梦想，心情一定是激动的。affection意为“感情；喜爱；感染”；anxiety意为“忧虑；担忧”；excitement意为“兴奋；激动”；bitterness意为“痛苦；悲痛；怨恨”。故选C项。句意为：然而痛苦的是，最终成为真正的女演员的激动并未持续很久。5A.focused onBrelied onCappealed toDattended toA解析：根据下文中的Would I be as good as my father？及从上文可知作者的父亲很有名，所以记者都想从作者身上得到关于她父亲的各种相关信息。也就是说，所有的采访和评论的焦点都围绕着父亲。focus on意为“集中于”，故选A项。rely on意为“依靠；信赖”；appeal to意为“上诉；申诉；对有吸引力；呼吁；恳求”；attend to意为“注意；致力于；关心；照料；护理”。6A.calmBupsetCtouchedDguiltyB解析：根据上文可推知，作者本来因为成为真正的演员而感到兴奋，但是几乎没有人关心她自己的努力，只关心她父亲的情况，所以她很心烦(upset)。故选B项。calm意为“冷静的”；touched意为“感动的”；guilty意为“内疚的；有罪的”。7A.beliefBlimitCmodelDproblemD解析：作者由于外人都聚焦于父亲而无人关心她的努力而很苦恼，因此，此处指作者爱她的父亲，但她的问题(problem)就是他。故选D项。belief意为“信仰；信条”；limit意为“限制；局限”；model意为“模型；典型；模范”。8A.puzzledBinjuredChurtDconfusedC解析：根据上文可知，作者因为她的父亲而心烦意乱，再结合下文内容，作者想改名字可知，她不想父亲因此受到伤害。puzzled意为“困惑的”；injured意为“受伤的”；hurt意为“受伤的”，可指身心受到伤害；confused意为“困惑的”。故选C项。9A.roleBnameCschoolDmajorB解析：根据下一句可知，作者不想再用托马斯这个姓了，因此，她想改掉名字(name)。故选B项。role意为“角色”；school意为“学校”；major意为“专业”。10A.cryBsmileCscreamDlaughA解析：根据语境，作者说出会让父亲受伤的话，自己肯定也不舒服。cry意为“哭泣”；smile意为“微笑”；scream意为“尖叫”；laugh意为“笑；嘲笑”。故选A项。句意为：在一阵长久的沉默中，我努力不去哭泣。11A.aheadBaroundCaboutDasideA解析：当赛马奔跑时，它们会戴着眼罩遮住自己的眼睛，以便把注意力集中在前方(ahead)，不受任何干扰，也不看其他的马。故选A项。12A.hesitateBmoveCshoutDlistenD解析：根据上文中的hear及but表转折可知，它们听到马群的声音，但是它们不去听，hear与listen相对应。故选D项。hesitate意为“犹豫；迟疑”；move意为“移动”；shout意为“呼喊”。13A.leadingBparingCtyingDintroducingB解析：从上文可知作者不能忍受媒体总是拿她跟她的父亲比较，还因此想改名，她的父亲劝她不要受他人评价的影响。结合下文“.You just run your own race.”可知，不要在意任何人把她跟父亲比较。lead意为“领导；带领”；pare意为“比较”；tie意为“系；打结；与打成平局”；introduce意为“介绍；引进”。故选B项。14A.untilBthoughCasDsinceC解析：句意为：第二天晚上，在观众排队进入影院的时候，舞台经理递给我一个系着一条红丝带的白色盒子。根据句意可知，设空处表示“当的时候”，引导时间状语从句。故选C项。until意为“直到”；though意为“尽管”；since意为“自从；既然；由于”，均不符合语境。15A.deliveredBhandedCdroppedDpressedB解析：根据下文中的I opened it up可知，此处指舞台经理递给(handed)作者一个盒子。故选B项。deliver意为“邮寄；发表；接生”；drop意为“放弃；下降”；press意为“压；挤；推；施加压力”。16A.wroteBshowedCprintedDreadD解析：设空后的“Run your own race, Baby.”是纸条上写的内容。write意为“写”；show意为“显示；说明”；print意为“印刷；打印”。此处指纸条上“写着”，应用read。故选D项。17A.gratefulBmodestCindependentDconsiderateC解析：句意为：爸爸本来可以用许多其他方式说出这句话：“要独立(independent)”；“不要被其他人影响”。据上文可知，父亲的意思就是要独立，故选C项。grateful意为“感激的”；modest意为“谦虚的；谦逊的；适度的；端庄的”；considerate意为“考虑周到的；体贴的”，均不符合语境。18A.towardBbeyondCthroughDbehindC解析：句意为：在我整个(through)人生中，我已经能直奔主题扪心自问：“我现在是在参加自己的比赛还是其他人的呢？”all through后接时间表示“整个”。toward意为“朝；向”；beyond意为“超出”；behind意为“在后面”，均不符合语境。故选C项。19A.somebodyBeveryoneCnobodyDeverybodyA解析：or表示选择，根据设空前的running my race可知，设空处指“其他人的”。根据语境可知选A项。20A.recognitionBdreamCexperienceDheartD解析：作者非常感谢父亲，谢谢他那些将继续深藏于作者内心(heart)的话。故选D项。recognition意为“识别；承认；认出；重视；赞誉；公认”；dream意为“梦想”；experience意为“经历；经验”，均不符合语境。
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