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Unit 2 Working the land一、刷黑板.阅读词汇(英译汉)第一屏听写1statistic n数据；统计；统计数字；统计资料2sunburnt adj. 晒黑的3super adj. 特级的；超级的4output n. 产量；输出5circulate vt.& vi. 循环；流传6grain n. 谷物；粮食；颗粒7occupation n. 工作；职业；占领8personality n. 性格；个性；人格9chemical adj. 化学的；关于化学的 第二屏听写10organic adj. 有机的；器官的；组织的11fertile adj. 肥沃的；富饶的12fertilizer n. 肥料；化肥13bacteria n(bacterium的复数形式) 细菌14nutrition n. 营养；滋养；食物15pest n. 害虫；害兽；害鸟16mineral n. 矿物；矿石17skim vt. 浏览；略读18underline vt. 画底线标出；强调19industrial adj. 工业的；产业的 第三屏听写.高频词汇(汉译英)1struggle vi.& n斗争；拼搏；努力2decade n. 十年；十年期3crop n. 庄稼；农作物；产量4hunger n. 饥饿；欲望vt.& vi. (使)饥饿5disturbing adj. 引起烦恼的；令人不安的6expand vt.& vi. 使变大；伸展7battle n. 战役；战斗；较量；斗争vt.& vi. 搏斗；奋斗 第四屏听写8rid vt. 摆脱；除去9freedom n. 自由；自主10therefore adv. 因此；所以；因而11equip vt.& vi. 配备；装备12export vt.& vi. 输出；出口13confuse vt. 使迷惑；使为难14regret vt. 遗憾；惋惜n. 遗憾；懊悔15production n. 生产；制造 第五屏听写16discovery n发现；发觉17focus n. 焦点；中心点vt. 集中；聚焦18soil n. 土壤19reduce vt. 减少；减缩20root n. 根；根源21summary n. 总结；摘要；概要22ment n. 评论；议论vi.& vt. 表达意见；作出评论 第六屏听写23nationality n国籍24thanks_to 幸亏；由于；因为25rid_.of 使摆脱或除去26be_satisfied_with 对感到满意27would_rather 宁愿；宁可28build_up 逐渐增强；建立；开发29lead_to 导致；造成(后果)30focus_on 集中(注意力、精力等)于31keep_.free_from/of 使免受(影响、伤害等)； 使不含(有害物) 二、刷清单(一)核心单词阅读单词1.statistic n数据；统计；统计数字；统计资料2fertilizer n肥料；化肥3bacteria n. 细菌4.nutrition n营养；滋养；食物5mineral n. 矿物；矿石6underline vt. 画底线标出；强调7.circulate vt.&vi.循环；流传8occupation n. 工作，职业；占领9output n. 产量；输出10fertile adj. 肥沃的；富饶的表达单词1.struggle vi.&n.斗争；拼搏；努力2decade n. 十年；十年期3therefore adv. 因此；所以；因而4rid vt. 摆脱；除去5export vt.&vi. 出口；输出6focus n. 焦点；中心点vt. 集中；聚焦7reduce vt. 减少；减缩8ment n. 评论；议论vi.&vt. 表达意见；作出评论9expand vt.&vi. 使变大；伸展；扩大10battle n. 战役；战斗；较量；斗争vt.&vi. 搏斗；奋斗语境活用1Health and environmental problems have increasingly bee the focus (焦点) of attention/concern.2Every year, India exports (出口) a lot of tea and cotton to many different countries.3Expanding (扩大) your knowledge by reading more books is a wise choice.4The reporter mented (作出评论) that the film Lost and Love was very moving.5The number of people suffering from heart disease will be greatly reduced (减少) if they are persuaded to eat more fruit and vegetables.拓展单词1.hunger n饥饿；欲望vt.&vi.(使)饥饿hungry adj.饥饿的；渴望得到的2freedom n自由；自主free adj.自由的3production n生产；制造produce vt.生产producer n生产者；制片人4discovery n发现；发觉discover vt.发现；发觉discoverer n发现者5equip vt.&vi.配备；装备equipment n设备(不可数)6confuse vt.使迷惑；使为难confusing adj.令人迷惑的confused adj.感到迷惑的7disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的disturbed adj.烦恼的；心神不安的disturb vt.弄乱；打扰8nationality n国籍nation n国家；民族national adj.民族的语境活用1He was really confused by the confusing problem which also confused other people for a long time.(confuse)2Our school offers good equipment and you will be well equipped with knowledge and skills for your future job.(equip)3Disturbing news came that the virus spread quickly, which made us rather disturbed.(disturb)4The discoverer of electricity was Franklin; like many discoveries,_it benefits us greatly.(discover)(二)常用短语写准记牢语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)1.thanks_to幸亏；由于；因为2rid_._of 使摆脱或除去3be_satisfied_with 对感到满意4would_rather 宁愿；宁可5build_up 逐渐增强；建立；开发6lead_to 导致；造成(后果)7focus_on 集中(注意力、精力等)于8be_rich_in 盛产9keep_.free_from/of 使免受(影响、伤害等)； 使不含(有害物)10in_addition 另外1.A deep breath and a balanced mind will help (to) rid you of the anxiety and nervousness.2To be mentally healthy, you need to build_up good relationships with each other.3We asked all our customers if they were_satisfied_with the service they had received.4Thanks_to these new treatments, people with high blood pressure can live a long and active life.5As we all know, too much work and too little rest often leads_to illness.(三)经典句式原句背诵句式解构佳句仿写1.If so, what did you do to grow them?如果是这样的话，你怎样来种植这些植物？if so意为“如果是这样的话”，是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式。你赞同我推迟我们去云南的旅行吗？如果赞同，请尽快写信告诉我。(2014北京高考书面表达)Do you agree that I will put our visit to Yunnan off? If_so,_write back to tell me about it as soon as possible.2.In 1973, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.1973年，他成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先驱。the first/last/best . n.to do sth.“第一个/最后一个/最好的一个做某事的人/物”。她总是第一个到办公室最后一个离开，我猜这就是她那么快得到晋升的原因。She is always the first person to_go_to_the_office_and_the_last_to_leave,_which I guess is why she gets promoted so quickly.3.This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce 20% more of the crop in the same fields.这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获20%的产量。“make itadj.动词不定式”结构。他的梦想是奥运会将使得各个国家和人民和平共处。His dream was that the Olympic Games would make_it_possible_for_countries_and_people_to_live peacefully side by side.4.He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。would rather (not) do sth.“宁愿(不)做”。现在越来越多的人宁愿不住在大城市里。Nowadays more and more people would_rather_not_live_in_big_cities.(四)初中考点再回顾高频考查类记熟文化差异类辨清易忘易错类勤览1.late adj.迟到的2lately adv. 最近3later adv. 后来4latest adj. 最新的5lantern n. 灯笼6lay out 布置1.keep teenagers away from the Internet阻止青少年上网2lift sb. up 举起某人3serious enough 足够认真4at the picnic 在野餐5run through the field 跑过田野1.some time一段时间2some times 几次3sometime adv. 某个时间(过去或将来)4sometimes adv. 有时5everyday adj. 日常的；每天的6every day 每天(时间状语)一、过重点单词1struggle vi.& n斗争；拼搏；努力；挣扎经典例句Shes struggling to bring up a family on a very low ine.她靠着微薄的收入艰难地供养一家人。struggle for为争取而斗争struggle with/against sb./sth. 与做斗争struggle to do sth. 努力做某事struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来多角练透单句语法填空Helen Keller became deaf and blind when she was 19 months old, but she never gave up and struggled to_lead (lead) an active life. They had to struggle for their lives against weather and wild animals.To get an education, he was struggling against/with many difficulties.补全句子Bravely, Mary struggled_to_her_feet,_and fought against the wind and rain beating against her.玛丽勇敢地挣扎着站起来，同扑向她的暴风雨搏斗着。2equip vt.& vi.装备；配备教材原句He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.因此，他资助几百万元供其他人进行农业研究。(1)equip .with .用装备equip .for sth. 为了而装备be equipped to do sth. 配有做的装备(或条件)be well/poorly equipped 装备精良的/较差的(2)equipment nU 装备；设备a piece of equipment 一件设备多角练透单句语法填空Having equipped himself with necessary knowledge and skills, the young man went to the job market with much confidence.It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped to_speak (speak)As far as I know, he is_equipped (equip) with much experience in teaching.单句改错We want our son to have a good education that will equip him with future life.withforEquipping with new scientific farming methods, they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.EquippingEquippedIn addition, they spend money on fishing equipments, fuel and boat repairs. equipmentsequipment3regret vt.可惜；后悔；遗憾；惋惜n.遗憾；懊悔高考佳句If we dont act now to protect the environment, well live to regret it.(2013全国卷单选)如果我们现在不采取行动保护环境，将来我们会后悔的。 (1)regret后悔做了某事regret to say/tell/inform .that .遗憾地说/告知(2)with great regret 非常遗憾to ones regret 令某人抱歉/遗憾的是多角练透单句语法填空Li Ping did not regret giving/having_given (give) the ment but felt that she could have expressed it differently.I regret to_tell (tell) you that I cant travel to Beijing to get her with you at the appointed time.句型转换Much to our regret, we will not be able to visit you next year.To_our_great_regret,_we will not be able to visit you next year.4focus vt.集中；聚焦n.焦点；中心点高考佳句If we find those materials interesting, well focus our attention on them for long.(2013四川高考书面表达)如果我们发现那些材料有趣，我们的注意力就会长时间集中在它们身上。(1)focus on/upon集中(注意力、精力等)于focus ones attention/eyes/energy on . 集中注意力/目光/精力于(2)the focus of . 的焦点多角练透单句语法填空To lead a happy life in the future, you should focus more on your career while you are young.With his attention focused (focus) on his homework, he forgot all about what I had told him.With so many people focusing (focus) their eyes on him, he felt very nervous. 句型转换He focused his attention on urgent problems. He hardly has time to play games with you.Having_focused_his_attention_on urgent problems，he hardly has time to play games with you.(分词作状语)联想发散表示“注意，集中精力于”的短语还有：concentrate ones attention on; fix ones attention on; pay attention to等。5reduce vt.减少；减缩教材原句A healthy soil reduces disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy.健康的土壤会减少病虫害并且帮助农作物茁壮成长。reduce . by .把减少了reduce . to . 把减少到； 把变为某种状态be reduced to 陷入某种境地；沦落为多角练透单句语法填空If you want to lose weight, try to_reduce (reduce) the amount of fat in your diet.With great effort, she has reduced her weight by five kilograms in the past 7 days.It was foggy so the driver had to reduce speed to forty kilometres an hour.单句改错Believe it or not, the rich man should be reduced to beg for a living.begbegging.单句语法填空1Yuan Longping has been focusing on searching for a way to increase rice output.2Its disturbing (disturb) that I cant get along well with my new neighbor.3In some poor African areas, many children died of hunger (hungry) every year.4Without the help of the modern equipment (equip)，these experiments would not be performed smoothly.5The government calls on the public to go to work by bicycle instead of by car to_reduce (reduce) air pollution.6Id appreciate it if you can make helpful ments on/about my work.7His recent discoveries (discovery) have added to his reputation in the field of science.8I regret to_tell (tell) you that your problems are beyond my power. Youll have to turn to someone else, Im afraid.单句改错1Now the young man regrets waste so much time when he was at school.wastewasting2Though he is young, he is struggle to support his family.strugglestruggling3If you stay out in the sun for a long time, you may get sunburn.sunburnsunburnt4Several decade have passed since I graduated from the college.decadedecades5She has had much food high in fibre recently. However, she bees slim. HoweverTherefore6Confusing by the question, the boy turned to his teacher for further explanation. ConfusingConfused.根据提示词补全句子1众所周知，孩子是家庭的中心，承载着父母的希望。(focus)As is known to us, children are_the_focus_of_families,_shouldering the hope of their parents.2我们很遗憾地通知您，您的申请未通过。(regret)We regret_to_inform_you_that your application has not been successful.3这个年轻人发现很难让老板满意，于是离开了。(satisfy)The young man found_it_hard_to_satisfy his boss, so he left.二、过短语、句式1build up逐渐增强；增强的体质；建立；创办；开发；积累教材原句These chemicals in the food supply build up in peoples bodies over time.随着时间的推移，食物中的这些化学成分会在人体中堆积。一词多义写出下列句中build up 的含义Bears build up fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep.积累His confidence built up gradually as he gained more and more experience in teaching.逐渐增加We should take part in sports and outdoor activities，which are really helpful to build up our body and enrich our school life.增强的体质Its said that she has built up a very successful business.建立；创办归纳拓展pick up捡起；(无意中)学会；接收；搭载take up 拿起；开始；从事；占据make up 虚构；弥补；组成show up 出现；露面选用以上短语填空Therefore, lets take the responsibility to build_up a lowcarbon city by riding bicycles.It didnt take me long to pick_up the basic knowledge of the language.I must get rid of this large table; it takes_up too much room.There are more than two million farmers, making_up two thirds of the total population of the province.2lead to导致；造成(后果)；通向教材原句Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses.很多化学成分能导致癌症或其他疾病。lead sb. to do sth.使某人做某事lead/live a .life 过样的生活lead the way 引路；带路多角练透单句语法填空The discovery of new evidence led to the thiefs being_caught (catch)In class I will divide the students into small groups and lead them to_practise (practise) speaking English in an interesting way.Under the leadership of the local government, people there are leading a happy life.With a guide leading (lead) the way, we had no difficulty finding the village.一句多译众所周知，成功在于努力，然而懒惰导致失败。As we all know, success lies in hard work while_laziness_leads_to_failure.As we all know, success lies in hard work while_laziness_results_in_failure.(result)名师指津lead to中的to是介词，后接名词、代词或动词ing形式。表示导致的短语还有：result in, contribute to等。3if条件状语从句的省略形式If_so,_what did you do to grow them? 如果是这样的话，你怎样来种植这些植物？if so意为“如果是这样的话”，表示肯定意义；如果表示否定意义，则用if not。if ever如果有过/发生过的话if any 如果有的话if possible 如果有可能if necessary 如果有必要If_so,_please respond to me as quickly as possible.如果是这样的话，请尽快给我回信。If_possible,_try to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day.如果可能的话，尝试每天都在同一时间睡觉和起床。The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, if_ever,_reaching 30 in summer.(2014福建高考单选)这里的气候宜人，如果曾经有，在夏季气温极少达到30摄氏度。4would rather do sth. “宁愿做”He would_much_rather_keep_time for his hobbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。would rather (not) do sth.意为“宁愿(不)做”。宁愿(而)不愿；与其倒不如单句改错We would rather our daughter stay at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.staystayedI would rather sleep all day than to play puter games for a long time.去掉toShe would rather you e tomorrow than today.ecame一句多译简是一个文静的女孩，她宁愿待在图书馆也不愿去看电影。Jane is a quiet girl, who would rather stay (stay) in the library than go to see a movie.Jane is a quiet girl, who prefers to_stay (stay) in the library rather than go to see a movie.Jane is a quiet girl, who would stay (stay) in the library rather than go to see a movie.选词填空lead to， thanks to， rid . of， keep . free from， be satisfied with1Thanks_to the support from the local government, they could rebuild their houses soon after the earthquake.2As is known to us, it is our activity that leads_to air pollution.3We should use new energy to keep our environment free_from being polluted.4All of us were_satisfied_with the perfect service of the restaurant after we had dinner there. 5We cannot really learn anything until we rid ourselves of being too proud.根据提示词和相关要求补全句子1众所周知，我们生活在所谓的信息时代。(what)As is known to us, we live in what_is_called_the_information_age.2你应该改掉那些可能损害你健康的坏习惯。(rid)You should get_rid_of_the_bad_habits that might damage your health.3大雨使我们更难按时到达那里。(make itadj.动词不定式)The heavy rain made_it_harder_for_us_to_get_there on time.4当你情绪低落时，如果想一想美好的事情，就会没有烦恼。(free)When you are in a bad mood, you will be_free_from/of_worry if you think of something nice.5锻炼有助于我们增强体质，保持头脑清醒。(build)Taking exercise helps_us_build_up_our_body and keep a clear mind.一句多译/句式升级1他们宁愿尝试后不成功也不愿放弃这个计划。They_would_try_and_fail_rather_than_give_up_the_plan.(would do . rather than do .)They_prefer_to_try_and_fail_rather_than_give_up_the_plan.(prefer to do . rather than do .)They_would_rather_try_and_fail_than_give_up_the_plan.(would rather do . than do .)2趁着年轻我们应该努力学习，如果不这样的话，迟早我们会后悔的。We should study hard while we are young. If_we_dont_study_hard,_we will regret sooner or later.We should study hard while we are young. If_not,_we will regret sooner or later.(省略)3很多人去了纽约，使之成为美国最大的城市。Many people moved to New York, which_made_it_the_largest_city in the USA.(定语从句)Many people moved to New York, making_it_the_largest_city in the USA.(分词作状语)三、过语法、写作(一)单元小语法动词ing形式作主语和宾语.单句语法填空1Throwing (throw) waste into a river will cause the fish to die and the people who drink the water to get sick.2We visited other relatives the next day, who had prepared a lot of delicious food. At night, we all went to KTV and had a great time singing (sing) together.3I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do working (work) with students.4As is known to us, its no use plaining (plain) without taking action.5Being_brought (bring) up in the countryside made Mr Wilson very hardworking when he was very young.单句改错1I like travelling and my dream of visit Beijing, the Capital city of our country, came true during the National Day holiday.visitvisiting2Before heard his answer, she started to read him almost every single greeting card out loud until the elderly man smiled.heardhearing3All the children are looking forward to go to see the pandas there.gogoing4Some people cant help persuading to buy what they dont need at all.persuadingbeing_persuaded5Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, which might not be served until 8 oclock.HaveHaving(二)课堂微写作练补写让行文更条理题目要求为了让同学们对有机农业有一个更充分的认识，你班英语兴趣小组打算出一期以有机农业为主题的板报。假定你是组长，请你以“What are the benefits of organic farming？”为题为该板报写一篇英语短文。词数100左右。补写提示请按下列提示线索补写下列习作的中间段What are the benefits of organic farming?Organic farming provides many benefits for farmers as well as consumers around the country.Here are the major benefits of organic farming.保护环境，减少污染有机食品有利于健康降低农业生产成本，改善土壤健康，节省能源，减少庄稼歉收风险Therefore, farmers should be encouraged to pursue organic farming practices for better crop growth and production.答案示例What are the benefits of organic farming?Organic farming provides many benefits for farmers as well as consumers around the country.Here are the major benefits of organic farming.Firstly, it aids farmers in keeping the environment healthy by reducing the level of pollution.Secondly, green food from organic farming, which is very rich in minerals, can help prevent and treat many kinds of diseases.Thirdly, it reduces the costs of agricultural production and also improves the soil health.Lastly, it not only saves energy for both animals and machines but also reduces the risk of crop failure.Therefore, farmers should be encouraged to pursue organic farming practices for better crop growth and production.阅读理解AA couple of months ago, we were in a hurry to get somewhere, but it seemed that my 6yearold daughter had an instinctive (本能的) capacity to slow things down. In response I had bee impatient, frustrated and unkind. As I unloaded my apology, she said, “Mom, its OK. Youve never been a mom before. This is your first time. Youre just trying. Its OK.”Her response made me feel ashamed. She had been able to give me what I had refused to give her just moments before mercy, understanding and sympathy. And I needed it. We all do. In fact, there may be nothing more needed today in our nation and munities. Its no wonder that former Westboro Baptist Church member Megan has transformed her idea. She spent 20 years representing her familys beliefs with messages of hate towards blacks, Jews and those who support abortion. When she finally started being able to engage in (参与) civil dialog with her “enemies”， she found that “people on the other side were not the ones I had been led to believe .” Finally, she left the faith of her family. What surprised her most was the forgiveness and understanding she experienced from those who had been her former “enemies”My experience with my daughter teaches me that the ability to engage “with the other”， to form a judgment, to avoid tough judg
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