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Module 1 Small Talk单元话题语篇训练.阅读理解AMoonshakerGV. ChillingsworthISBN: 978 1466906358Price: $14.50Pages: 186. trafford. When space plans secretly to harm the world, scientists develop a satellite to save it. However, not everyone wishes for change, and destruction leads to a new fight, a long way from home. The crew must now work together in order to get back.The War Around UsWolfgang Peter MayISBN: 978 1426921452Price: $22.34Pages: 460. trafford. As a young child, Wolfgang Peter May fled from his home in Breslau, Germany during World War and witnessed the destruction of Dresden. He eventually joined the US Army. In The War Around Us, May explores and debates many faces of war and delivers thoughtprovoking (引人深思的) ments about warfare using his personal experiences and real world events.The Old Man and the SeaErnest HemingwayISBN: 978 0684830490Price: $14.99Pages: 132. goodreads. The Old Man and the Sea is a short novel written by the American author Ernest Hemingway in 1951 in Cuba, and published in 1952. It was the last major work of fiction by Hemingway that was published during his lifetime. It tells the story of Santiago, an aging Cuban fisherman who struggles with a giant marlin (枪鱼) far out in the Gulf Stream off the coast of Cuba.Little WomenLouisa May AlcottISBN: 978 0553212754Price: $4.99Pages: 560. goodreads. Little Women is a novel by American author Louisa May Alcott (18321888), which was originally published in two volumes in 1868 and 1869. Alcott wrote the books over several months at the request of her publisher. Following the lives of the four March sisters Meg, Jo, Beth and Amy the novel details their passage from childhood to womanhood and is loosely based on the author and her three sisters.Order online and you can save 20% off your total purchase on orders over $15.1If we are interested in science fiction, which book will we choose to read?AMoonshaker.BThe War Around Us.CThe Old Man and the Sea. DLittle Women.解析：选A细节理解题。根据对第一本书的介绍中的“When space plans secretly to harm the world, scientists develop a satellite to save it.”可知，第一本书是与科幻有关的。故选A项。2How much does it cost to order The War Around Us online?A$14.99. B$17.872.C$20.79. D$23.75.解析：选B细节理解题。根据对第二本书的介绍中的“Price：$22.34”和文章最后一句“Order online and you can save 20% off your total purchase on orders over $15.”可知，从网上订购此书需花费：22.34(120%)17.872(美元)，故选B项。3Whose book tells a story set in Cuba?AErnest Hemingways. BWolfgang Peter Mays.CG.V. Chillingsworths. DLouisa May Alcotts.解析：选A细节理解题。根据对第三本书的介绍中的“It tells the story of Santiago, an aging Cuban fisherman who struggles with a giant marlin (枪鱼) far out in the Gulf Stream off the coast of Cuba.”可知，选A项。B(2019洛阳市第一次统一考试) It is quite apparent that petition surrounds every aspect of human life whether in the United States or the Amazon rain forest. Without it we would not have grown into primates (灵长目动物). Or we would probably still be struggling to sharpen a bronze tool while crawling around on four legs in search of meat. Without petition, Columbus wouldnt have discovered America and Edison would never have invented the light bulb.The friendship, like all relationships between two people, involves petition. It isnt petition in a traditional sense because there are no goals to be scored and no prizes. Perhaps the ecological definition the simultaneous (同时的) demand by two or more organisms for limited environmental resources, such as nutrients, living space, or light better explains it.As in nature, high school life is governed by a set of laws, similar to a shortened version of Darwins theory of evolution, overpopulation，and petition. There is an abundance of high school students and to distinguish them, ranking and categorizing (分类) take place. In high school, friendship coexists with petition even though at times the relationship is rough. In fact, in some circumstances, petition is too much of a burden for friendship to bear, causing it to fall apart. College admission is the final high school objective. Four years of hard work is to achieve good grades, and a students fate is determined not only by these achievements, but by the records of thousands of other seniors trying to achieve similar recognition.Nevertheless, by necessity, petition between students exists in all aspects of high school life. It sets and improves the standards in everything from sports to schoolwork. Healthy, friendly petition can have only benefits, but when it bees too fierce, jealousy (妒忌) can tear friendship apart. Yet, despite all this, without petition, we would be lost.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了友谊和竞争之间的关系，健康的竞争促进友谊，而恶性的竞争则破坏友谊。4What does the ecological definition mainly explain?AHow friends pete with each other.BHow to win the petition.CWhat the result of petition is.DWhat petition exactly is.解析：选D细节理解题。分析第二段最后一句可知，该句的主干是Perhaps the ecological definition better explains it，其中“it”指代的是前一句中的“petition”。两个破折号之间的内容解释“the ecological definition”。句意：两个或者更多的生物体同时对有限的生态环境资源有需求，如营养物质、生存空间、光这一生态学定义更好地解释了竞争(的含义)。故选D项。5According to the author, what causes the high school students to pete?AThe number of them is too large.BFriendship is a burden for them.CThey know the laws of nature well.DThey are divided into different groups.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，高中生活与自然界一样有一系列的规则，这与达尔文关于进化、人口过多和竞争的理论相似。也正是因为学生人数众多，为了区分，所以对学生进行了排名、分类。再加上考大学这一高中生活的最终目标的压力，高中生之间的竞争就不可避免地产生了。故选A项。6Which best describes the relationship of friendship and petition?AFriendship is always based on petition.BThe degree of petition is vital to friendship.Cpetition is terribly harmful to friendship.Dpetition is a result of lost friendship.解析：选B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Healthy, friendly petition can have only benefits, but when it bees too fierce, jealousy (妒忌) can tear friendship apart.”可知，健康的、友好的竞争对友谊有好处，而过于激烈的、存在妒忌的竞争会使友谊破裂。因此竞争的度对友谊是至关重要的。故选B项。7What does the author think of “petition”？AThe results of petition are out of control.Bpetition bees fiercer in high school.Cpetition is certain to happen in high school.DFriendship is not as important as petition in high schools.解析：选C细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Nevertheless, by necessity, petition between students exists in all aspects of high school life.”可知，作者认为高中生活的各个方面存在竞争是必然的。故选C项。C(2019郑州市第一次质量预测) The hit movie Notting Hill (诺丁山) begins with a famous scene. Hugh Grant bumps into Julia Roberts and spills orange juice all over her. After the collision, Grant repeatedly says, “Im so sorry. Im so sorry.”His actions in this scene are very British. If Roberts were from Britain, then she would probably apologize repeatedly as well even if the crash were not her fault. But this doesnt happen in the movie, as Roberts is from the US.A report in The Telegraph once said that three quarters of British people apologize when they bump into someone in the street regardless of whether they are responsible or not. In fact, Britons use “sorry” in many situations. For example, if they mishear someone, they say “Sorry？” The person they are talking to will also apologize by replying, “No, I am sorry！” This can go on for up to five minutes as they pete for who is the most sorry.Why are Britons so sorry? Mark Tyrrell, a psychology writer in the UK, thinks that their apologetic tendencies are rooted in the British class system. “We say sorry because historically the new middle class in Britain had to apologize for not being the working class, but also for not really being the upper class.” Another theory is that they apologize to avoid conflicts. For example, if they bump into someone, he might get angry. To avoid this, they instantly say “Sorry！”True manners are about being considerate, and todays constant use of apologizing shows that we are perhaps not as thoughtful as we once were. The word “sorry” has lost some of its meaning. Do you see my point? Sorry, it might just be a British thing.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国人的道歉文化及其原因：一是因为历史上英国的新中产阶级；二是为了避免冲突。8Why does the author mention a scene in the movie Notting Hill at the beginning?ATo give an example of British modesty.BTo introduce different ways of saying sorry.CTo show what kind of men are considered gentlemen in the UK.DTo draw our attention to when and how British people say sorry.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第一段的描述可知，文章开头用电影作例，描述了英国人道歉的场景，目的是引出文章的主题英国的道歉文化。9Which of the following statements might Mark Tyrrell agree with?APeople should not apologize if they are not responsible.BAmericans care less about manners than British people do.CThat British people apologize so much is linked to the class system.DBritish people care too much about which social class they are from.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Mark Tyrrell .thinks that their apologetic tendencies are rooted in the British class system.”可知，Mark Tyrrell认为英国人的道歉根源于其阶级制度。由此可推断，C项正确。10What can be inferred from the passage?AIts unnecessary for British people to be so polite.BThe overuse of apologizing shows Britons are truly sincere.CPeople should not stick to the traditional use of the word “sorry”DUsing “sorry” more doesnt necessarily mean people are more polite.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第四段的内容以及最后一段中的“todays constant use of apologizing shows that we are perhaps not as thoughtful as we once were”可知，英国人道歉或是与他们的阶级制度有关，或是为了避免冲突，今天的多次道歉也并不意味着人们更有礼貌。11What is the authors purpose in writing this passage?ATo explore the best way of saying sorry.BTo explain why Britons overuse the word “sorry”CTo show how saying sorry has changed over time.DTo suggest many British people lack traditional manners.解析：选B写作意图题。根据全文内容可知，本文由电影场景引入主题，介绍了英国的道歉文化，并介绍了英国人道歉的原因及今天道歉的意义，主要目的是介绍英国人过量使用道歉的原因。DSome people are so rude!Who sends an email or a text message that just says “Thank you”？ Who leaves a voice mail message rather than texts you? Who asks for a fact easily found on Google? Dont these people realize that theyre wasting your time?Maybe Im the rude one for not appreciating lifes little politeness. But many social agreed standards just dont make sense to people drowning in digital munication.In texts, you dont have to declare who you are or even say hello. Email, too, is slower than a text. Voice mail is a now impolite way of trying to connect.My father learned this lesson after leaving me a dozen voice mail messages, none of which I listened to. Exasperated,_he called my sister to express his dissatisfaction that I never returned his phone calls. “Why are you leaving him voice mail？” my sister asked. “Just text him.”In the age of the smartphone, there is no reason to ask onceacceptable questions about: the weather forecast, a businesss phone number, or directions to a house, a restaurant, which can be easily found on Google Maps. But people still ask these things. And when you answer, they respond with a thankyou email.How to handle these differing standards? Easy. Consider your audience. Some people, especially older ones, appreciate a thankyou message. Others, like me, want no reply.The anthropologist (人类学家) Margaret Mead once said that in traditional societies, the young learn from the old. But in modern societies, the old can also learn from the young. Heres hoping that politeness never goes out of fashion but that timewasting forms of munication do.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了如今在智能手机时代，人们应该选择何种方式进行沟通。12What does the underlined word “Exasperated” mean in the fifth paragraph?AWorried.BSurprised.CAnnoyed. DTired.解析：选C词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“he called my sister to express his dissatisfaction that I never returned his phone calls”可知，作者的父亲对作者不给自己回电话很不满，由此可推知exasperated意思是“恼怒的，生气的”，故选C。13Why didnt the writer reply to his father?AHe liked text messages better.BHe enjoyed checking his voice mail.CHe didnt receive any voice mail messages.DHe didnt want to talk with his father.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“Why are you leaving him voice mail？ my sister asked. Just text him.”可推知，作者不喜欢用语音信箱，更偏爱发短信，故选A。14Which of the following does the writer agree to?APeople neednt learn from one another in traditional societies.BDealing with voice mail should vary with each individual.CPeople neednt turn to Google for help when in trouble.DDeclaring who you are or saying hello in texts is necessary.解析：选B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的内容可推知，标准是变化的，处理方式应该因人而异，而不是一刀切，语音信箱的使用亦是如此，故选B。15Whats the best title for this passage?ANowadays: what should we do with text messages?BNowadays: do you like leaving others a voice message?CNowadays: what means should we use in munication?DNowadays: do you need a thankyou message?解析：选C标题归纳题。根据对文章内容的整体理解可知，第三段引入本文话题，最后两段点题总结，本文主要讨论的是如今(在智能手机时代)我们应该用何种方式进行沟通，故选C项。.阅读七选五How to make good conversation“Conversation is the most sociable of all human activities.” I totally agree with this point. Conversation is the main part of everyones daily life. _1_ Whats more, good conversation is the most interesting part for us. In my view, you should pay attention to the following three issues to make good conversation.To start good conversation wed better prepare some questions. _2_ We can ask some questions to show our politeness and care for others. Like, do you have a good sleep last night? Or what do you do in your spare time? Think twice before you throw a question to others._3_ We should pay attention to what others said and think in their shoes. Allow the others to do most of the talking. Be patient and hold interest for their ments and make some noise to show you are listening carefully. _4_ In this way you will get the credit for being a good conversationalist as well as a good listener and it will help you to make friends with others.We always said eyes are the windows to the soul. Appropriate eye contact is like a great element of the main dish which makes it more delicious. _5_ It will help us to improve mutual (相互的) understanding. Do not hesitate to look into them. But dont stare at them and dont look at them for too long a time. It would make others feel uneasy and unwilling to go on talking.AGood questions make people feel fortable.BWithout conversation, life would be as cold as a rock.CThe most important part of conversation is to listen.DEnjoy good conversation and be friends with them.EDo not interrupt others when they share their views excitedly.FThey have some ideas that they want us to know and even convince us.GDuring conversation, we should look the speakers in the eye friendly.1选B根据空前的“Conversation is the main part of everyones daily life.”可知，交谈是每个人日常生活中的重要部分，空处承接上文，进一步说明交谈在日常生活中的重要性，故B项“没有交谈，生活会冷若磐石”符合语境。2选A根据本段的主题句“To start good conversation wed better prepare some questions.”可知，我们在开始交谈前最好准备一些问题，再结合空后的“We can ask some questions to show our politeness and care for others.”可知，空处应是在说明问问题的益处，故A项“好的问题会让人感到舒服”符合语境。3选C根据下文中的“pay attention to what others said and think in their shoes”“Allow the others to do most of the talking.”“show you are listening carefully”和“a good listener”可知，本段主要讲的是倾听方面的内容，故C项“交谈中最重要的部分是倾听”符合语境。4选E根据上文中的“Be patient and hold interest for their ments and make some noise to show you are listening carefully.”可知，空处应是对上文中的“listening carefully”的进一步说明，故E项“当他们兴奋地分享观点时不要打断他们”符合语境。5选G根据本段的内容可知，本段主要说明的是交谈中眼神交流的重要性，G项中的“look the speakers in the eye”与上文中的“eye contact”及下文中的“look into them”相呼应，故G项符合语境。
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