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Unit 2 The environment一、阅读理解。A recent survey in the United States showed that the average family spent more money on its pets than on its children. Although rather shocking, it should not surprise anyone who has seen the doggy parlours(客厅) where loved pets rest. Are Americans unique in treating their little friends in this way? No, the English, too, pay more attention to their pets.This can clearly be seen when we look at pet foods，which often contain more vitamins than human food. They certainly cost much. Last year the British public spent two hundred million pounds on pet food alone, to say nothing of veterinary bills or animal furniture. It is difficult not to feel angry about this when considering what the same amount could do for victims of starvation and poverty, so its not unusual for me to get hot under collar when I read an old man left all his money to his dog instead of his children.There are a variety of reasons why I find pets-raising alarming. They cause physical problems. An example of this is New York where they have great difficulty getting rid of the mess that dogs leave on the streets. Many people find this funny, but in a number of large cities it is a major problem. Animals can cause disease, too. It is the threat of babies a disease with no known cure.Another problem is the carelessness of pet owners. Most little children want a dog or a cat，and they continually push their mothers and fathers until they get one. It is only when the sweet little thing has been brought home that the parents realize how much time and money must be spent on Rover or Bonzo. Then they just abandon it. As a result, they are allowed to run free. English farmers lose hundreds of sheep a year, killed by someones pet and you must have read of children being hurt by some pets of their own.Lastly, I would only suggest that we have got our priorities wrong and that something should be done about it. In my view, its time we stopped being sentimental about pets. I can see no reason why we should get upset when animals are cut up for medical experiments. This will lead us to discovering cures for serious human diseases, then I say,keep cutting!1. The doggy parlours are mentioned in the 1st paragraph to show _. A. what costly lives the pets are livingB. where Americans keep their petsC. why children love their pets so muchD. how much pets depend on their masters2. In the second paragraph to get hot under the collar probably means _. A. getting quite hotB. being excitedC. feeling extremely angryD. receiving a fashionable shirt3. According to the author, in which field can animals be most useful?A. Food. B. Sports.C. Entertainment. D. Medicine.4. What is the authors attitude towards pets-raising?A. Sympathetic. B. Opposed.C. Pitiful. D. Supportive.【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。作者通过介绍饲养宠物存在的种种问题(譬如饲养成本昂贵、宠物致人受伤、传染疾病等)，表达了自己反对饲养宠物，而是应当将宠物用于贡献人类医学实验的观点。1. A【解析】推理判断题。the doggy parlours所在的句子就是为了进一步阐释第一句A recent survey in the United States showed that the average family spent more money on its pets than on its children.，即如今人们在饲养宠物上花销巨大的现状。故答案为A。3. D【解析】推理判断题。从本文的最后两句I can see no reason why we should get upset.This will lead us to discovering cures for serious human diseases.可知作者认为宠物在人类医学领域可以起着有益的作用。因此答案为D。4. B【解析】观点态度题。文章前面介绍了成本昂贵、传染疾病等饲养宠物的危害，后面又提到应把宠物用于贡献人类医学领域中去，故而可以看出作者对于饲养宠物的做法持反对态度。因此答案为B。二、单项选择。1.For an artist who has no lack of passion and great courage to overe any difficulty，inspirations of his artwill never _.A. break out B. run out C. work out D. pull out【答案】B【解析】run out 用完，耗尽，符合句意。break out 爆发；work out 计算，解决；pull out 驶出，脱离。句意：对于一个不缺少激情和有勇气战胜任何困难的艺术家来说，他的艺术灵感将永远不会枯竭。2.Meeting again by chance, Lucy and Amy are delighted to _ the friendship where it left out years ago.A. set up B. build up C. bring up D. pick up【答案】D【解析】set up 成立，建立；build up 逐步建立，增进；bring up 养育，培养；pick up 拾起，偶然学到，接收到，中途搭车，和好如初。pick up the friendship 意为“重拾友谊”，根据“where it left out years ago”(意为“在几年前遗落的地方(重拾友谊)”)，说明这里填 build up(建立友谊)不合适。句意：碰巧又见面了，露西和艾米高兴地在她们数年前中断友谊的地方重拾友谊(即：中断的友谊仍可以重新开始)。3.It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.A. that B. how C. when D. why【答案】D【解析】 句中的 it 是形式主语， 真正的主语是“_ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.”根据句意，原句要表达的是“为什么这个老人没有立马报案这件事还未查明。 ”4.We are mitted to creating a world free from the homeless and the hopeless, a world _ each and everyer is a true paradise.A. that B. which C. of which D. from where【答案】C【解析】.of which 实际上就=whose.。句意：我们致力于创造一个没有无家可归者和无望者的世界，一个其中每一个角落都是真正天堂的世界。5.Alice hasnt turned up so far. _ if she is absent today? We dont even have the key yet.A. How B. Why C. What D. When【答案】 C。 What if? “倘若又会怎么样” 。 句意： “如果 今天她不来怎么办， 我们甚至没有钥匙。 ”6._ a certain doubt among the people whether the value of the project is practical.A. It has B. They have C. It remains D. There remains【答案】D【解析】There is/remains some/certain doubt。句意：对于这个项目的实际价值人们仍然有怀疑。7._ knowledge a man has, _ it is for him to get a good job.A. The more, more difficult B. The more, the easierC. The more, easier D. The less, more difficult【答案】B【解析】考查 the +比较级，the+比较级用法，意为“越越”表示一方的程度随着另一方的变化而变化。句意：一个人掌握的知识越多，找到好的工作就越容易。8.A Chinese students printlike handwriting caused controversy among British Internet users, _ bothpraise and questions about individuality.A. drew B. drawing C. to draw D. having drawn【答案】B【解析】根据句子结构可知，这里不能选用谓语动词，由此可以排除 A 项；动词不定式表示将来的动作，不合题意， 排除 C 项； 由于 draw 的动作和 cause 的动作不存在明显的先后关系， 因此不用完成式，排除 D 项。只有 B 项正确，现在分词短语在这里表示结果。句意：有一位中国学生的看上去像印刷体的书法引起了英国互联网用户的争议对个性的赞美和质疑。9._ in the adult ceremony, the senior students feel they are shouldering heavier responsibilities now.A. Swear B. Sworn C. Having sworn D. To have sworn【答案】C【解析】逻辑主语 students 与 swear 为主谓关系，而且 swear 的动作发生在谓语动词 feel 的动作之前，所以用现在分词的完成式。句意：成人仪式宣誓后，高年级学生觉得现在他们肩上的责任更重了。10.A Russian plane broke up in the air, _ all 224 people on board which was believed _ by a bombplanted by Islamic State.A. killing; to have been caused B. having killing; to have been causedC. killing; to be caused D. having killed; to have caused【答案】A【解析】第一空用现在分词短语作状语，表示结果；第二空动词不定式用完成式，因为是已经发生过的事情，而且 cause 此处要用被动态，故用不定式的完成被动形式。句意：一架俄国飞机在空中解体了致机上 224 人死亡，据信是由伊斯兰国所放置的炸弹造成的。11.Watching football games on TV at home is one thing, going to watch them _ live is quite another.A. perform B. performing C. to perform D. being performed【答案】D【解析】根据句意可知，perform 与其逻辑主语 them 之间为动宾关系，要选被动意义的选项，而本题四个选项中只有 D 项为被动意义，其他三项皆为主动意义，being performed 为现在分词的被动式，作宾语补足语。句意：在家的电视上看足球比赛是一回事，看现场直播又是另外一回事。12._ an increase in foreign legal conflicts, China is expected to see the number continue to rise.A. To witness B. Being witnessed C. Witnessed D. Having witnessed【答案】D【解析】China 与 witness 为主谓关系，由此可排除 B、C 两项；另外，witness 动作发生在主句动作之前，因此用现在分词的完成式，即 D 项正确。句意：见证了涉外法律冲突的增长，希望中国看到这种数字的继续上升。13._ into the final round of the Asian qualifiers for the first time since 2001, Chinese soccer still faces a longhard road.A. Moved B. Moving C. To move D. Having moved【答案】D【解析】Chinese Soccer 和 move 之间为主谓关系，因此可以排除 A 项；另外，由于 move 的动作发生在谓语动词 faces 的动作之前，因此用现在分词的完成时，即 D 项正确。句意：中国足球队自从 2001年首次进入亚洲预选赛的最后一轮后，面临着一条漫长而艰辛的路。4.I found my puter functioning much better, _ a new operating system.A. to install B. installing C. having installed D. installed【答案】C【解析】install 的动作发生在 found 的动作之前，而且 I 与 install 为主谓关系，因此用现在分词的完成式，即 C 项正确。句意：由于安装了新的驱动系统，我发现我的电脑的功能更强大了。15.Many natural disasters took place across the country, _ severe losses on peoples life and property.A. to have brought B. only bringing C. only to bring D. having brought【答案】B【解析】 句意： 全国各地发生了很多自然灾害， 给人们的生命和财产带来了严重的损失。 现在分词短语“only bring severe losses on peoples life and property”在这里作结果状语。16._ in playing puter games, he didnt find his mother enter his bedroom.A. Absorbing B. To be absorbed C. To absorb D. Absorbed【答案】B【解析】absorbed in 全神贯注于，在句中作状语。句意：全神贯注于打电脑游戏，他没有发现他妈妈进了他的卧室。17. The old man showed us how to _ part of the surface of the wood and let a pattern in.A. cut down B. cut in C. cut out D. cut up【答案】C【解析】cut down 砍到；cut in 插话；cut out 剪裁；剪下；cut up 切碎。句意：老人向我展示了如何把木材的表面裁下，再把一个图案贴上去。三、完形填空。Many people are constantly waiting for their life to start. “When Im older Ill do this.” and “In a few years Ill do that.” They think the life they are _1_ is boring and meaningless.Who has never viewed himself or herself _2_ worthless and unattractive?In others eyes, you are always “the funny one” and bee loud and overconfident to mask what you are actually feeling, _3_ few people know about the way you feel.All of us may _4_ from depression and frustration, lose guidance and support, and thus need _5_ physically, or spiritually.Just think like this way: _6_ feelings I am feeling will eventually go away.I need to stop feeling so sorry for myself and actually want to _7_. I am a(n)_8_ lucky person who has e from a family where there is full of love and support.I have to be the one to make the _9_ to change my way of thinking.All the good things and all the wonderful people in my life would pass eventually too. _10_ I am feeling miserable, my life is still going on and I am missing out on _11_ those precious moments.We all have terrible things which happen to us and will _12_ each of us differently.The most important thing to remember is that our _13_ arent what define us. What defines us is how we_14_ what has happened to us and how we change the way we think about it.We can either let it bee us or we can use our newly found _15_ to change a little bit of the world around us all.Theres something much bigger than us and our problems. It is always _16_ to remember that there is always someone who is in a _17_ much worse than our own.Nevertheless, I am well on the _18_ to being the person I want to be and I have goals andexpectations of myself. I am now _19_ that my life has started.It started years ago and its not _20_ over yet. Its happening right now. Yours is too.语篇解读：很多人都在等待最好的生活，其实最好的生活就在当下。1. A.opposing B. predicting C. experiencing D. expecting【答案】C【解析】根据第一段第一句“很多人都在等待自己生命的新起点”可知，他们觉得现在的生活很乏味无趣的。experience 经历，符合语境。oppose 反对；predict 预言，预料；expect 预料，期望。故选 C项。2. A.of B. as C. for D. with【答案】B【解析】view.as.把看作，为固定搭配。故选 B 项。谁没有把自己看成是毫无价值、毫不吸引人的人呢?3. A.though B. or C. so D. but【答案】D【解析】设空前的“In others eyes, you are always the funny one and bee loud and overconfident to maskwhat you are actually feeling”(在别人的眼中，你可能是一个“很有趣的人” 。你用大声喧嚣和过于自信来掩盖自己真正的想法)和该空后的“few people know about the way you feel”(很少有人看透你)之间是转折关系。而 though 表示的是让步关系。故选 D 项。4. A.suffer B. arise C. differ D. result【答案】A【解析】根据设空后的“from depression and frustration, lose guidance and support”可知选 suffer。suffer from意为“遭受”， 其后常接表示疾病、 自然灾害的词， 或接 loneliness， overpopulation 等词。 arise from由引起；differ from 与不同；result from 由造成。故选 A 项。我们所有人都会经历挫折和沮丧，失去指引和支持，无论物质、情感还是精神上都急切需要治愈。5. A.growth B. service C. aid D. sacrifice【答案】C【解析】 根据上文中的“All of us may _4_ from depression and frustration, lose guidance and support”可知，下文是说我们都需要身体上或精神上的帮助。growth 增长，成长；service 服务；aid 援助，帮助；sacrifice 牺牲。故选 C 项。6. A.pleasant B. horrible C. sensitive D. casual【答案】B【解析】根据第八段第一句“All the good things and all the wonderful people in my life would pass eventuallytoo.”可知，设空处所在句与该句形成对比，因此该处表示“糟糕的感觉最终会烟消云散的”。pleasant 令人愉快的；horrible 糟糕的，可怕的；sensitive 敏感的；casual 满不在乎的。故选 B 项。7. A.relax B. move C. reject D. change【答案】D【解析】 根据空前的“I need to stop feeling so sorry for myself”(我需要停止顾影自怜)可知， 下文应是作出“改变”。relax 放松；move 移动，搬动；reject 拒绝；change 改变。故选 D 项。不应再自怨自艾，而要切切实实地谋求改变。8. A.incredibly B. eventually C. merely D. skeptically【答案】A【解析】incredibly 难以置信地，很，极为，非常；eventually 最后，终于；merely 仅仅，只不过；skeptically怀疑地。句意：我是个非常幸运的人，来自于一个充满爱和支持的家庭。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是 family，且从句中缺少状语，故用 where 引导。故选 A 项。9. A.mistake B. difference C. decision D. ment【答案】C【解析】根据设空后的“to change my way of thinking”可知，此处应是“决定改变我的思考方式”，make thedecision 作决定，符合语境。make a mistake 犯错误；make a/the difference 起作用，有影响；makea ment 作出评论。故选 C 项。10. A.Because B. While C. Unless D. When【答案】B【解析】句意为：尽管我现在感觉很痛苦，但生活还是要继续，我会错过欣赏这些宝贵时刻的机会。“I amfeeling miserable”与“my life is still going on”之间是让步关系，while 意为“尽管”，表让步，符合语境。故选 B 项。11. A.calculating B. imagining C. forgetting D. appreciating【答案】D【解析】句意见上题。根据设空后的“precious moments”(宝贵时刻)可知，应是“欣赏，赞美”。calculate计算，预估；imagine 想象；forget 忘记；appreciate 欣赏。故选 D 项。尽管自己沉溺于痛苦之中，而生命的时间漏斗仍不停流转，那你将错过那些值得赞美的珍贵时刻。12. A.attract B. treat C. affect D. benefit【答案】C【解析】句意为：我们都会遇到一些不幸的事，它们会对我们产生不一样的影响。根据常识可知，发生在我们身上的事总是影响到我们。attract 吸引；treat 对待；affect 影响；benefit 有益于。故选 C 项。13. A.characters B. problems C. advantages D. experiences【答案】B【解析】character 个性，性格，角色；problem 问题；advantage 优点；experience 经历。故选 B 项。根据倒数第三段第一句“Theres something much bigger than us and our problems.”也可推出此处选problems。14. A.care about B. make up C. deal with D. answer for【答案】C【解析】重要的是，你要记住，我们遇到的问题不能定义我们的本质。能定义我们的，是我们处理问题的方法，以及我们对待问题的态度转变。care about 关心，在意；make up 形成，构成，编造，化妆；deal with 处理；answer for 负责。故选 C 项。15. A.wisdom B. energy C. chance D. patience【答案】A【解析】根据设空前的 newlyfound 及空后的“to change a little bit of the world around us all”可知，改变世界应该用“智慧”。wisdom 智慧；energy 能量；chance 机会，机遇；patience 耐心。故选 A 项。我们或许放任自流，又或许利用我们发现的新智慧改变我们周边发生的事情。16. A.difficult B. obvious C. typical D. important【答案】D【解析】根据前一句“Theres something much bigger than us and our problems.”可知，记得总有人的处境比我们的更糟糕，这是很重要的(important)。故选 D 项。17. A.game B. relation C. position D. distance【答案】C【解析】根据语境可知，此处指有些人的处境比我们的更糟糕。position 位置；game 游戏；relation 关系；distance 距离。故选 C 项。比我们自身和我们所遇到的问题还重要的事情大有所在。切勿忘记总有人的处境比我们的更糟糕。18. A.turn B. way C. corner D. direction【答案】B【解析】on the way to.意为“在去的路上”，符合句意。turn 转变；corner 拐角处；direction 方向。故选 B 项。19. A. aware B. surprised C. afraid D. worried【答案】A【解析】根据最后一段可知，“我”现在意识到我的生活已经发生了改变。aware 意识到的，明白的；surprised 惊讶的；afraid 害怕的；worried 担忧的。故选 A 项。然而，我们有自己的目标和期待，并在自己选择的人生道路上很好的前进着。我们必须从现在起意识到属于自己的人生其实已经开始。20. A.even B. nearly C. only D. much【答案】B【解析】我的人生在好久之前已经开始了，而且还没结束。现在还是进行时。你的也一样。not nearly 意为“远非，绝不是”，符合语境。故选 B 项。四、七选五。Learning another language is an exciting trip into a new world, and it can take some time and effort to get there. Luckily, there are a few easy ways to make your adventure go a lot more smoothly.Learn a little every day.One of the keys to learning another language is practicing a little bit every day. 1 Studying for long periods can wear you out and limit your focus. Starting with small but regular sessions is the best way to keep your grammar and vocabulary fresh in your mind.Practice out loud. 2 Pronunciation is the key to learning another language and to making yourself understood by native speakers. Read sentences aloud from books or magazines in the language you re studying, or just read over your grammar exercises while youre practicing. Youll start to get used to the way the new words sound and feel.Close the books.From films to international websites, there are dozens of ways to encounter(遇到)other languages in the real world. 3 Listen to international radio stations many of them are streaming over the Internet or look up the websites of newspapers in the language youre studying. You can keep learning another language while surfing the web or having a movie night with your friends! 4 Learning another language takes determination and perseverance, so keep practicing! Remember to review the basics as well as new vocabulary and grammar, since everything you learn will build on the foundation you start with.Luckily, you have a great reason to keep up the hard work. 5 A. Be optimistic.B. Keep it up.C. Eventually, theyll just e naturally.D. Remember to explore some of them when youre learning another language.E. Learning another language can broaden your horizons and introduce you to new people and parts of the world.F. Get a feel for the language by saying words and phrases out loud while you practice.G. Reserve an hour to practice each day and stick to your schedule【语篇解读】本文介绍了学好另一种语言的几种方法。1.G 根据前一句One of the keys to learning another language is practicing a little bit every day.可知学习语言的关键是要每天练习，因此每天要复习一小时，并且坚持你的计划。故选G。3.D 根据句子there are dozens of ways to encounter(遇到)other languages in the real world.可知有多种方法可以在真实场景下遇到其他语种，那么下一句应该是说我们要学会探索出一些场景。故选D。4.B 根据下面的句子Learning another language takes determination and perseverance, so keep practicing!可知小标题应该是坚持，由此判断选B。5.E 根据前面的句子Luckily, you have a great reason to keep up the hard work.(幸运的是你有一个很好的理由来坚持这个艰难的工作。)可知下面要讲到原因，即这样做的好处/优点：开扩视野，帮你看到一个崭新的世界，由此判断选E。
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