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Unit 2Healthy eating【短文语法填空】China to Promote Traditional Opera in SchoolsChinas central government has pledged(正式承诺) to promote traditional opera in schools.Primary schools, secondary schools, colleges 1. universities have given students the opportunity 2. (watch) traditional opera free of charge in 2017, according to a guideline jointly 3. (issue) by the publicity department of the munist Party of China and the ministries of culture, education and finance. By 2018, students in all schools and colleges nationwide can watch 4. opera free of charge every year.The campaign for traditional opera to reach students 5. (be) mon in all schools in 2020, according to the guideline. The guideline also urges schools to strengthen the creation of opera interest groups. 6. called on the joint effort of the government, education, society and individuals to support the campaign. The guideline also encourages 7. (invest) from enterprises, social organizations and individuals. There are hundreds of forms of local opera in China, 8. Peking Opera the most famous. Peking Opera and Kunqu Opera 9. (list) by UNESCO as an intangible 10. (culture) heritage.【解题导语】本文告诉我们将来会有更多的学校推广京剧。1and解析：考查连词。多个名词一起作主语时，应该在最后两个名词之间用and连接。文中Primary schools, secondary schools, colleges, universities这四个名词作并列的主语。2to watch解析：考查非谓语动词。opportunity后常接不定式作定语，表示“做的机会”。3issued解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词作定语；issue与a guideline是被动关系，所以用issue的过去分词形式作定语。4an 解析：考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表示泛指；又因为opera以元音音素开头，故填an。5will be解析：考查时态。根据本句中的时间状语“in 2020”可知，空处应用一般将来时。6It解析：考查代词。此处应用It指代the guideline。7investment解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，此处用名词作encourages的宾语。8with解析：考查with复合结构。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处为with复合结构，其中the most famous作宾语补足语。9are listed解析：考查动词时态和语态。根据语境可知，京剧和昆剧被联合国教科文组织列为非物质文化遗产，所以空处用被动语态，又因为此处描述的是客观事实，故用一般现在时。10cultural解析：考查形容词。此处应用形容词修饰名词，故填cultural。balance n天平；平衡；余额v平衡；权衡(1)keep the balance of nature 保持生态平衡keep ones balance 保持平衡lose ones balance 失去平衡(2)balance sth.against 权衡；斟酌；比较(3)balanced adj.保持(或显示)平衡的keep a balanced diet 保持饮食平衡(教材原句)What will happen to you if you dont eat a balanced diet?假如你的饮食不均衡会怎么样？You have to_balance (balance) the advantages of living in the countryside against the disadvantages.你得权衡一下住在乡下的好处和坏处。(2015湖北卷)When he was running after his brother，the boy lost (lose) his balance and had a bad fall.男孩在追他哥哥时，重重地摔了一跤。单句语法填空(2017全国卷)He had the rare balance (balanced) of fun and passion(同情)curiosity n好奇心，求知欲(1)(2)(3)curiously adv.好奇地；说来奇怪(教材原句)Curiosity drove Wang Peng inside.王鹏受到好奇心的驱使，走了进去。It was curious (curiosity) that she didnt tell anyone.她没有告诉任何人，这很奇怪。He had great curiosity (curious) to know what was happening.他极渴望知道发生了什么事。lie n谎话，谎言 vt.说谎；躺；位于(1)lie 谎话；说谎(2)lie 位于，躺(3)lay 放；产卵(2015湖北卷)There is no doubt that this candidates advantage lies (lie) in his ability to municate with foreigners in English.毫无疑问，这位候选人的优势在于他能够用英语和外国人交流。Its a sad fact of life：Lies are lies，and sometimes the truth can_lie (lie)as well.让人伤心的事实：谎言就是谎言，有时事实也撒谎。原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义词性lieliedliedlying说谎不及物lielaylainlying躺，位于不及物laylaidlaidlaying放置；下蛋及物The man lying (lie) there lied (lie) that he had_laid (lay) the money on the table.躺在那里的那个人撒谎说他把钱放在桌子上了。The boy lied (lie) that he lay (lie) in bed and laid (lay) a cock in a box and saw it laying (lay) an egg.男孩撒谎说他躺在床上把公鸡放在盒子里看着它下蛋。单句语法填空(2017全国卷)In fact, the key to easy morning wakeup lies (lie) in resetting your body clock.benefit vt.& vi.有益于；有助于；受益n好处，利益，优势(1)benefit from/by.从受益，得益于benefit sb.对某人有益(2)be of(much，great)benefit to sb.be beneficial to sb.对某人有益for the benefit of sb.(for sbs benefit) 为了的利益 get benefit from 从中受益(3)beneficial adj.有利的；有裨益的；受益的be beneficial to 对有益(教材原句)I dont want to upset you，but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food.我并不想让你心烦，不过我发现你菜谱上的菜太少了，所以我也就不着急了，我也开始宣传我餐馆的食物的好处。It is said that yoga is of great benefit to/beneficial to/ benefits human health.据说瑜珈对人体健康有很大益处。语境填词I suggest you give up smoking for_the_benefit_of (为了的利益) your health.I believe that giving up smoking will be_of_benefit/beneficial (对某人有益的) to you and it will also benefit (对某人有益的) your family a lot.In other words，your family will benefit_from (从中受益) your stopping smoking.Especially heavy smokers will find the experience even more beneficial (有益的) to them.(2015福建卷)Another beneficial (benefit) aspect of group exercise is the informational support participants receive from the instructor.小组活动的另一有利方面就是参与者可以从指导者那里获得一些信息上的支持。单句语法填空(2017全国卷)Were looking at the benefits (benefit) of systems which control their speed as a way of preventing that.【七选五】In our fast world of phones，fax machines and puters，the oldfashioned art of letter writing is at risk of disappearing altogether. 1 There is the excitement of its arrival，the pleasure of seeing who it is from and，finally，the enjoyment of the contents.Letter writing has been part of my life for as long as I can remember.It probably began with the little notes I would write to my mother.My mother，also，always insisted I write my own thankyou letters for Christmas and birthday presents. 2 When I left home at 18 to train as a doctor in London，I would write once a week，and so would my mother.Occasionally my father would write and it was always a joy to receive his long，amusing letters. 3 Of course，we also made phone calls but it is the letters that I remember most.There were also letters from my boyfriends.In my youth I seemed to attract people who had to work or study away at some time and we were only able to stay in touch by letter. 4 I found that I could often express myself more easily in writing than by talking.I love the letters that e with birthday or Christmas cards.Notes are appreciated，but how much better to have a years supply of news！And its better still when its an airmail envelope with beautiful stamps. 5 Like my mother before me，I insist they write their own thankyou letters.My daughter writes to me little letters，just as I did to my mother.I strongly urge readers not to allow letter writing to bee another“lost art”APoor handwriting can spoil(破坏)your enjoyment of a letter.BWe had been corresponding(通信)for 29 years but had never met.CI am pleased that my children are carrying on the tradition.DIt didnt matter how short or untidy they were as long as they were letters.EBut instead of harming the relationships，letter writing seemed to improve them.FYet，to me，receiving a letter cannot be matched by any other form of munication.GThe letters from home contained just everyday events concerning my parents and their friends.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了作者对书信这种沟通方式的青睐和对书信艺术逐渐消失的担忧。1F根据下句“There is the excitement of its arrival，the pleasure of seeing who it is from and，finally，the enjoyment of the contents.”可推知，收到信对作者来讲是一件无比愉悦的事情，所以选F项。2D根据本段第一句“Letter writing has been part of my life for as long as I can remember.”可知，书信是作者生活中不可或缺的一部分，对她来说，只要是信就好，无论多短或多不整洁，所以选D项。3G根据上文可知，作者和父母通信，由此可推知，这些信都是关于父母的一些生活琐事以及他们的朋友的状况的，所以选G项。4E根据下句“I found that I could often express myself more easily in writing than by talking.”可推知，此处应描述书信沟通的优势，与上文的“In my youth I seemed to attract people who had to work or study away at some time and we were only able to stay in touch by letter.”呼应，所以选E项。5C根据下文的“My daughter writes to me little letters，just as I did to my mother.”可知，作者自己的孩子也像作者一样继承了写信的传统，所以选C项。in debt 负债be heavily/deeply in debt 债台高筑go/get/run/slip into debt 陷入债务之中pay off ones debts 偿清债务be/stay out of debt 不负债；还清债务be in debt to sb.欠某人债be in sbs debt 欠某人的情；感激某人(教材原句)He did not look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.他不希望由于餐馆不受欢迎而负债。He was (be) in debt when he was poor，but he has_been (be) out of debt since he got rich.他穷的时候欠了债，但自从富裕后就摆脱了债务。语境填词Mike had a large family to support，but he worked hard day and night and managed to stay out_of_debt (不负债)However，his father fell seriously ill suddenly and Mike got/ran_into_debt (陷入债务之中) to save his father.When Mike felt helpless as he didnt know how to pay_off_the_debt (还清债务)，Mr.White offered him a good job to help him，so Mike often said to Mr.White，“I will always remember your kindness and Im forever in_your_debt (欠某人的情)”cut down 削减；删节；砍倒；缩短cut across 抄近路穿过cut in 插嘴，插入cut off 切断(电，煤气)，使孤立，隔绝cut out 删除，停止cut short 截短cut up 切碎cut through 凿穿，剪断；抄近路(教材原句)In this way they cut down the fat and increased the fibre in the meal.这样，他们减少了饭菜中脂肪的含量，增加了纤维素。(2014陕西卷)My uncle hasnt been able to quit smoking，but at least he has_cut (cut)down.我叔叔一直不能戒烟，但是至少他已经减少了吸烟的量。Id feel very cut_off (cut off) if I didnt know what was happening in the world.如果我不知道世界上发生了什么，我会感到与世隔绝。【短文改错】My father is the man I respect most.Strict as he may be，however he never fails to show her care and consideration.Once I broke a neighbor window.Seeing nobody around，I ran away immediately.When Dad came home，he noticed my uneasiness and asked me what has happened.I could only tell him a truth.Instead of scold，he praised my honesty and then encouraged me to apologize our neighbor.I learned from this incident that not only does Dad take care of my health and he also teaches me what to be a good citizen.How luckily I am to have such a good father!【答案】My father is the man I respect most.Strict as he may be， he never fails to show care and consideration.Once I broke a window.Seeing nobody around，I ran away immediately.When Dad came home，he noticed my uneasiness and asked me what happened.I could only tell him truth.Instead of ，he praised my honesty and then encouraged me to apologize our neighbor.I learned from this incident that not only does Dad take care of my health he also teaches me to be a good citizen.How I am to have such a good father!第一处：删除however。考查连词。在as引导的让步状语从句中，表语放句首时，从句倒装，分析句子结构可知，however多余。第二处：herhis。考查代词。与上文人称代词he保持一致，可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词his。第三处：neighborneighbors。考查名词所有格形式。此处用名词所有格形式作定语，修饰名词window。第四处：hashad。考查动词时态。与asked呼应可知，此处应用过去完成时，表示过去的过去。第五处：athe。考查冠词。tell the truth为固定词组搭配，符合语境，故用定冠词the。第六处：scoldscolding。考查动名词。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用动名词scolding作介词of的宾语。第七处：our前加to。考查介词。apologize to sb.意为“向某人道歉”，为固定词组搭配，故用介词to。第八处：andbut。考查连词，not only.but also.意为“不但而且”，为固定结构，故用连词but。第九处：whathow。考查疑问词。与teaches呼应可知，此处表示方式，故用how。第十处：luckilylucky。考查形容词。与I am呼应可知，此处应用形容词lucky作表语。“Nothing_could_be_better，”he thought.他想：“再没有比这些更好吃的了。”句中的形容词比较级与表示否定含义的不定代词nothing连用，表达最高级含义。表示最高级意义的几种特殊结构：(1)nothing(或no)so原级as./nothing(或no)比较级than.(2)never比较级(3)比较级than(4)can/couldnever/not.enough/too.Nothing is more (much) precious than health.健康的身体是最宝贵的。You can never be too careful in your work.你工作再认真小心也不为过。What an interesting novel! I have never read (read) a more moving novel.Its the most moving novel that I have ever read.多么有意思的小说！我从来没看过比这更动人的小说。(言外之意，这是最动人的)It was not until then that I suddenly realized nobody was happier (happy) than I was.直到那时我突然意识到没有人比我更幸福了。(2015湖南卷)As a student，I can tell you that there is nothing better (good) than being praised by my teacher before my classmates.作为一个学生，我可以告诉你没有什么比被老师在全班同学面前表扬一番便好的事了。用比较级形式表达最高级的含义，要注意把主语排除在比较范围之外。如：This book is more interesting than any other book.与任何别的书相比，这本书最有趣。He could not have_Yong_Hui_getting_away_with telling people lies!他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们却不受惩罚！句中have sb.doing sth.，意为“允许某人做某事”。(1)have sb./sth.doing sth.让某人做某事/让某事发生(动作持续)(2)have sb.do sth.使某人做某事(相当于make sb.do sth.或get sb.to do sth.)(3)have/get sth.done 让(别人)做某事(4)have sth.to do 有事要做It is not a good idea to have the machine running (run) all the time.让机器不停地运转不是个好主意。Dont be worried.Ill have Tom help (help) you finish the work.别担心，我会让汤姆帮你完成工作的。She fell off her bike and had her leg broken (break)她从自行车上摔下来，摔断了腿。Youd better have your eyes examined (examine) tomorrow.你明天最好去检查一下眼睛。(1)have sb.do sth.“使某人做某事”，不定式作宾补省略to，但被动式不省。(2)have sth.done【阅读理解】Many wealthy and welltraveled people want a pletely new experience, but they dont necessarily want to give up luxury (奢华的) acmodations and service. The following vacations could be best choices. Cruise down the Amazon River Aqua Expeditions takes up to 32 passengers at a time on guided journeys of three, four, or seven days down the Amazon River. Those adventurers see forests and waterfalls, visit local fish markets, and take canoe trips. They also take in wildlife such as capuchin monkeys and river dolphins. Go Glamping in MontanaThe Resort at Paws Up located on a cattle ranch(牧场) is a standout in the type. The ranch rents homes with up to four bedrooms, but its the luxury tents that offer closer munion with the outdoors. Tents are arranged into camps, each of which has a private chef and butler, the latter of whom helps build campfires and arrange daytime activities. Guests can participate in a cattle drive, go clay shooting, take a hot air balloon trip, or ride horses.Climb inside a Volcano in IcelandIceland is famous for its volcanoes and has plenty of luxury hotel options. Thrillseekers can actually go down into the dormant (休眠的), 700footdeep Thrihnukagigur, by using an open elevator. Take a helicopter if you want to skip the 2mile hike to the volcano, and arrange a private tour to avoid crowds. And visitors traveling there can enjoy the luxury hotel such as the ION Luxury Adventure Hotel and the Hotel Rang. 【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了三个旅游项目。1. What can adventurers do when traveling down the Amazon River?AEnjoy individuallyguided tours.BTravel with hot air balloons.CGet a chance to see wildlife.DRide horses along the trail.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“They also take in wildlife such as capuchin monkeys and river dolphins.”可知，沿着亚马逊河旅游的人可以有机会观看野生动物，故选C。2. At which place can guests enjoy food quite to their taste?AAqua Expeditions.BThe Resort at Paws Up.CThrihnukagigur. DThe Hotel Rang.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“each of which has a private chef and butler.”可知，在The Resort at Paws Up，每个营地都配有私人厨师，由此可知，游客在这里可吃到非常符合自己口味的食物，故选B。3What do the three vacations have in mon?AThey are adventurous.BThey are animalcentered.CThey have luxury hotel options.DThey are intended for new travelers.答案与解析：A考查推理判断。第一个项目提到adventurers，第二个项目提到take a hot air balloon trip, or ride horses，第三个项目提到寻求刺激的人可以下到700英尺深的休眠火山中。故这三个项目的共同点就是：adventurous(惊险的，刺激的)。
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