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Festivals around the world必修三Unit 1Festivals around the world 【短文语法填空】A poor farmer had a friend who was famous 1 the wonder apples he grew. One day, his mend gave the farmer a young apple tree and told him to take it home and plant it. The farmer was 2 (please) with the gift, but when he got home he did not how where 3 (plant) it. He was afraid that if he planted the tree near me road, strangers would steal the fruit. If he planted the tree in his field, his 4 (neighbor) would e at night and steal some of the apples. Finally he planted the tree in his wood, 5 no one could see it. 6 there was no sunlight or good soil, the tree soon died. Later me mend asked the farmer why he had planted the tree in such a poor place. Whats the 7 (differ)?the farmer said 8 (anger).If I had planted the tree near the road, strangers would have stolen the fruit. If I had planted the tree in my field, my neighbors would have e at night and stolen some of the apples. Yes, said the friend, but at least someone could have enjoyed the fruit. Now you not only 9 (rob) everyone of the fruit, but also you have destroyed 10 good apple tree!【文章大意】本文通过苹果树的故事告诉我们在人生中要学会与人分享。只有与人分享，我们才能得到真正的幸福和快乐。1.for【解析】考查介词。此处运用了be famous for这个短语，表示“这个朋友因为种了神奇的苹果树而远近闻名”。故填for。2.pleased【解析】考查形容词。be pleased with是固定搭配，指“对感到满意”。故填pleased。3.to plant【解析】考查非谓语。know后面跟动词不定式，此处考查了“疑问词+不定式”结构。故填to plant。4.neighbours5.where【解析】考查连词。本句运用了定语从句，先行词是his wood，引导词在从句中作地点状语，表示“在他的林子里”。故填where。6.Because【解析】考查连词。句意：因为没有阳光和好的泥土，树不久就死了。前一句是后一句的原因。故填Because。7.difference【解析】考查名词。句意：那有什么不一样？在定冠词the后面跟名词。故填difference。8.angrily 9.have robbed【解析】考查时态。but also并列句中用了现在完成时，所以此句中也用现在完成时。故填have robbed。10.the【解析】考查冠词。此处是特指朋友给这位农民的苹果树。故填the。admire vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕(1)admire sb.for sth.因某事羡慕某人admire to do.高兴做admire at.对感到羡慕；对感到惊讶(2)admiration n钦佩；赞美；羡慕express/have admiration for sb./sth.(表示)羡慕/钦佩某人/物with/in admiration 钦佩地；羡慕地(3)admirer n赞赏者；羡慕者；追求者(4)admiring adj.赞赏的；羡慕的(教材原句)China and Japan have midautumn festivals，when people admire the moon and in China，enjoy mooncakes.中国和日本都有中秋节，这时，人们会赏月。在中国，人们还品尝月饼。(2015重庆卷)He observed that Homer was_admired (admire) after two thousand years.他注意到时隔两千年，荷马仍然受到人们的敬仰。The admirers (admire) admire the famous actor for his excellent performance，which they enjoy with/in admiration (admire)，and because of having admiration for him，some of them even email him frequently.这些羡慕者因这位著名演员的出色表演而钦佩他。他们带着钦佩之情欣赏他的表演。一些追求者因为钦佩他甚至经常给他发邮件。apologize vi.道歉；辩白(1)apologize to sb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉apologize to sb.that 从句向某人道歉(2)apology n道歉，致歉make/offer an apology to sb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉accept/refuse ones apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉owe sb.an apology 应向某人道歉(教材原句)Well，he was not going to hold his breath for her to apologize.他不想急切地等她来道歉。You must apologize to your teacher for being so rude.You must make an apology(apologize)to your teacher for being so rude.你太无礼了，必须向你的老师道歉。I apologized (apologize) to her for stepping on her foot.我踩了她的脚，所以向她道歉。(2015江苏卷)Go and say sorry to your Mom，Dave.Id like to，but Im afraid she wont be happy with my apologies (apologize)Dave，去跟你的妈妈道歉。我想道歉，但是我担心她不接受我的道歉。remind vt.提醒；使想起remind sb.of/about sth.使某人想起某事remind sb.to do sth.使某人想起；提醒某人(做)某事remind sb.that/what/how 从句.提醒某人/使某人想起remind sb.of doing sth.提醒某人已做过某事(教材原句)As Li Fang set off for home，he thought，“I guess Hu Jin doesnt love me.Ill just throw these flowers and chocolates away.I dont want them to remind me of her.”李方动身往家走，心里想：“我想胡瑾是不爱我了。把这些鲜花和巧克力都扔了吧。我不想因它们想起她来。”I always remind myself that time and tide wait for no man.我总是提醒自己岁月不待人。(2016全国卷)Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings (kill) and were too violent for use at the table.孔子认为刀会使人们想起杀戮并且在餐桌上使用太暴力。与remind sb.of sth.类似的短语还有：rob sb.of sth.抢劫某人某物warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事accuse sb.of sth.指控某人某事suspect sb.of sth.怀疑某人某事convince sb.of sth.使某人确信某事inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事cure sb.of sth.治好某人的病；改掉某人的坏习惯rid sb.of sth.使某人摆脱某物【七选五】Which is much more significant to you when you are finding a job？Working experience or an advanced degree？Well，I believe diverse people have different answers. 1 Here are some reasons：Above all，most of jobs dont require such a high degree，which means just some work，such as theoretical physics，archaeology，or literature，needs high academic qualification. 2 For example，when you are offering a department manager post，and there is a man who has already been a manager for three years but only has a masters degree and an inexperienced person with a doctors degree，which one would you choose？Definitely the first one for the manager who doesnt acquire a doctors degree but has rich working experience. 3 For instance，Bill Gates，who was the richest man in the world and one of the most successful merchants.What a wise choice when he decided to abandon studying so that he could gain more working experience instead of a doctors degree！Or Steve Paul Jobs，who discontinued his study at the age of nineteen in order to bee a member of a puter pany just like Bill Gates. 4 5 Maybe you shouldnt have to gain an advanced or high degree，but that doesnt mean nothing.Probably a bachelors degree is still necessary in this fiercely petitive society.All in all，I think rich working experience is much more important than an advanced degree.AHowever，a degree is still required for most people.BMeanwhile，rich working experience will draw more attention.CSecondly，plenty of experience will bring you success much earlier.DIn my view，either working experience or an advanced degree counts.EAs for me，I will say working experience without hesitation.FAs a matter of fact，more people with rich working experience bee successful.GFrom all of these，we can see that an advanced degree isnt so necessary as working experience.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。论述了工作经验是工作成功的最重要的因素这一论点。1E根据空处位置可知，空处承上启下，根据该段第二句“Working experience or an advanced degree？”可知，空处提出自己的观点并引出下文，故E项与此处匹配。2B根据本段最后一句“Definitely the first one for the manager who doesnt acquire a doctors degree but has rich working experience.”并结合空后所列举的例子可知，该例旨在证明丰富的工作经验在应聘时更受欢迎，故B项与此处匹配。3C根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为本段的主题句；根据本段列举的比尔盖茨放弃学业创业成功和乔布斯在十九岁时辍学这两个例子可以判断，本段旨在说明丰富的工作经验能促使人早日成功，故C项正确。4G根据该空所在的位置可知，该空总结本段大意；由空前列举的比尔盖茨和乔布斯这两个例子可以判断，高学历不如工作经验重要，故G项正确。5A根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为本段的主题句；由本段最后一句“Probably a bachelors degree is still necessary in this fiercely petitive society.”可知，在这个竞争激烈的社会中，学历仍然是有必要的。据此可以判断，本段主要陈述学历对于大部分人来说还是需要的，故A项正确。take place 发生，举行take ones place 就位；代替某人take the place of.replace.代替in place ofinstead of 代替in place 在适当的位置；适合out of place 不适当地；不在适当的位置give place to 让位于in the first place 首先，第一(教材原句)Discuss when they take place，what they celebrate and what people do at that time.讨论一下他们在什么时候举行，庆祝什么，那个时候人们在做什么。puters have_taken (take) the place of typewriters in most offices.在大多数办公室，电脑已经取代了打字机。happen/take place/occur/break out/e abouthappen普通用语，其“发生”带有意外和偶然性。另外可作“碰巧”讲，用法是happen to do sth.，无被动语态take place“发生”是按意图或计划进行，无偶然性，无被动语态occur较正式用语，指具体事物时可与happen互换(但happen to do不可换成occur to do)；另外occur有“突然想起”的意思，此时不可与happen互换，如A good idea occurred to him.他突然想出一个好主意。无被动语态break outvi.(战争、火灾等)爆发；(疾病)突然发生，无被动语态e about“发生”，多用于疑问句和否定句中。无被动语态Since the 2012 Olympic Games took (take) place in London，great changes have_taken (take) place there.For example，fewer and fewer traffic accidents occurred/happened (occur/happen)，and nearly no quarrels broke (break) out.You may wonder how these differences came (e)about.自从2012年夏季奥运会在伦敦举办以来，那里发生了极大的变化。如：交通事故越来越少了，几乎没有人吵架了。你或许对这些变化感到纳闷。in memory ofto the memory of 纪念；追念(1)in/within ones memory 在某人的记忆里have a good/bad/poor memory for sth.对记忆力好/差do sth.from memory 凭记忆做某事bring back memories 唤起(对美好事物的)回忆(2)“inn.of”构成的短语还有：in honour of 为了向表示敬意，为纪念in search of 寻找in hopes of 希望in favour of 赞同；支持in advance 提前in face of 面对着in need of 需要in praise of 称赞in case 万一；以防in charge of 负责(教材原句)For the Japanese festival Obon，people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.在日本的盂兰盆节，人们要上坟扫墓、烧香，以缅怀祖先。In case of fire，ring the alarm bell.万一失火，请按警铃。The schools in mountainous areas are in need of teachers.山区学校需要教师。单句语法填空(2017天津卷)He would call in_ advance to make sure there was no alcohol at the party.look forward to 期望；期待；盼望look on.as.把看作look through 浏览，仔细查看look out 当心，小心look up 查找，查阅look up to 仰慕，尊敬look on 旁观；认为look over 查看；跨过看(教材原句)The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the ing of spring.最富生气而又最重要的节日，就是告别冬天、迎来春天的日子。The day weve been_looking (look)forward to has_e (e) at last.我们一直盼望的那一天终于到来了。Thanks for your kind consideration and I look forward to receiving (receive) your earliest reply.谢谢您的关心，盼望早日收到您的回复。look forward to中的to为介词，后接名词，代词或doing。【短文改错】It was on a warm autumn day that my father and I walk into my new high school. After registered in the classroom，the volunteer took me to my dormitory. Altogether I had five roommates，two of which arrived later.I got to know my new roommate immediately. Although I was quite unwilling to say“Goodbye” to my father，but he had to leave to home. I suddenly realized I had grown up and that I had to look after me and live independently.Not until then I know my senior high school life had real begun.【答案】It was on a warm autumn day that my father and I into my new high school. After in the classroom， volunteer took me to my dormitory. Altogether I had five roommates，two of arrived later.I got to know my new immediately. Although I was quite unwilling to say“Goodbye” to my father，/ he had to leave home. I suddenly realized I had grown up and that I had to look after and live independently.Not until then I know my senior high school life had begun.第一处：walkwalked。考查动词时态。根据“It was on a warm autumn day”可知，事情发生在过去，故用一般过去时。第二处：registeredregistering。考查动名词。after是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用动名词形式。第三处：thea。考查冠词。volunteer是可数名词，且第一次在文中出现，故用不定冠词修饰。第四处：whichwhom。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，应用whom引导非限定性定语从句，在从句中作介词of的宾语，修饰先行词five roommates。第五处：roommateroommates。考查名词复数。由上文的“I had five roommates”可知，室友不止一个，故用复数形式。第六处：删除but或将but改为yet。考查连词。在英语中，although和but不能同时出现在一个句子中，故删除but。也可将but改为yet。补充：此处也可将Although删掉，但是语意上没有修改but好。第七处：leave后的to改为for。考查介词。leave for意为“前往”，为固定词组，符合语境。第八处：memyself。考查代词。与句子主语I呼应，应用反身代词，意为“照顾好自己”。第九处：then后加did。考查倒装句。not until置于句首时，常采用部分倒装，即把助动词放在主语之前。由时间状语then和下文的时态可知，此处用一般过去时，故用did。第十处：realreally。考查副词。修饰动词应用副词，故将real改为really。It_was_obvious_that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.很明显，咖啡馆的经理在等李方离开it在此作形式主语，代指后面that引导的主语从句。it作形式主语的常用句式：(1)It be形容词(possible，strange，natural，important.)that从句(2)Its kind(nice，wise，brave，polite，friendly.)of sb.to do sth.(3)It be过去分词(said，thought，believed，hoped，supposed，reported.)that从句(4)It不及物动词(seem，occur，happen.)that从句(5)It be名词短语(a pity，a fact，a wonder，an honour，no wonder.)that从句It is certain(certainly)that she will do well in her exam.她一定会在考试中做好。It is a pity that we cant go.我们不能走，真遗憾。 It occurred (occur) to me that I didnt lock the front door.我突然想起前门未锁。在“It is strange/natural/important/necessary/essential.that从句”结构中，从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词为“should动词原形”。It is necessary that we(should)master at least one foreign language.我们有必要掌握至少一门外语。单句语法填空(2017浙江卷)Others say it is only natural that newers learn the language of their host nation, seeing it as a condition to ensure they can contribute to society.While_she_was_on_earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.她在人间遇到了牛郎，两人相爱了。句中while she was on earth作时间状语。while作连词时的主要用法：(1)“当的时候”，引导时间状语从句Tom fell asleep while the teacher was_giving (give) a lecture.当老师在讲课时，汤姆睡着了。(2)“只要”，表示条件While there is (be)life，there is hope.只要有生命就有希望。(3)“但是；然而”，表示对比We know usually women stay at home and do all the housework while men go out to_work (work)我们知道，通常妇女在家里做家务，而男人则外出工作。(4)“虽然；尽管”，表示转折(2015福建卷)While the students came (e) from different countries，they got along quite well in the summer camp.尽管学生都来自不同的国家，他们在夏令营里面都相处得很好。判断下列句子中while的意思(2016江苏卷)While we were eating，Kurt asked me，“John，what is your plan for personal growth”？答案：当的时候(2016江苏卷)While some people are motivated by a need for success，others are motivated by a fear of failure.答案：虽然；尽管单句语法填空(2017浙江卷)While it is likely that he understood very little of the books，they were his introduction to classical paintings.【阅读理解】On Christmas Eve, 1944, my grandmother urged my uncle, then 12 years old, to slip out of the concentration camp where they were imprisoned near 15 miles east of Vienna to go to Deutsch-Wagram. “People are charitable around Christmastime,” Grandma Lili said to her son, Gyuri. “Ask for some food. Anything they can spare. Tell them that were on the edge of starvation. Tell them that your 3-year-old sister can not get off the bed because shes outgrown her shoes.”In the dark of that night, Gyuri secretly left the camp and walked nearly four miles to Deutsch-Wagram, the closest town. He happened upon a house and knocked on the front door. A woman opened that door. She was probably alone, her man far away, fighting in the war, her children asleep in their beds. The 12-year-old pieced together in German exactly what his mother had told him to say.“e back tomorrow, whispered the woman. The next day, my uncle returned. The woman opened the door with a smile. She piled his hands with bread, clothing, a pair of shoes that her child had outgrown and a pair of socks. The woman had knitted warm socks for my mother. After putting on the socks and shoes that fit, my mother got off the bed in delight. Her ragged shoes were passed on to a younger child who was also living in the camp. They shared their unexpected harvest with the entire camp. It was a quiet celebration of human kindness around Christmastime.In April 1945, my mother, uncle and grandmother were liberated. And it was those very socks and shoes that my mother wore as she walked some 28 miles over two days to Bratislava on her walk to a new life.To the unknown giver, I thank you. In the desperation of a cold and snowy land, when many hearts were closed and death was more likely than life, especially for Jews, you gave them hope and fort.1.What did Gyuri manage to do on Christmas Eve?A. Get permitted to go out.B. Receive food and clothing.C. Express what his family needed.D. Celebrate Christmas in the camp2.Why does the author mention shoes so many times?A. To prove the truth of the story.B. To help the development of the story.C. To attract readers attention to the story.D. To make clear the background of the story.3.What feeling did the author write the text with?A. DesperationB. Gratefulness.C. ExcitementD. Sorrow.4.What is the passage mainly about?A. Light in darknessB. Peace to mon peopleC. Courage in face of dangerD. The influence of Christmas【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了1944年圣诞前夕，奶奶一家在集中营里日子艰难，迫不得已12岁的叔叔秘密走出集中营去附近的村庄求助，一位善良的女士给予了他们一家一些物质上的帮助。这位好心人的善举给了过着暗无天日的日子的奶奶一家不仅是物质上的帮助还有对未来的希望，最终一家人坚持到光明的到来。1.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句The 12-year-old pieced together in German exactly what his mother had told him to say.并结合第一段的内容可推断，Gyuri努力用德语拼出了他母亲告诉他说的话，表达了他的家人的需要。故选C。3.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段首句To the unknown giver, I thank you.和“you gave them hope and fort”并结合全文内容可推断，故事讲述好心人对作者的奶娘一家慷慨相助，因此推断作者对这位好心人充满感激之情，故作者讲述这个故事时带着感恩的心态。故选B。4.A 【解析】主旨大意题。纵观全文特别是文章最后一段可知，在积雪覆盖的寒冷的冬天，人们封闭自己，死亡比活下去更容易的情况下，这位善良的人不仅给予了奶奶一家物质上的帮助，而且给了他们希望和抚慰。就像黑暗中的亮光鼓励他们走向新的生活。因此推断这篇文章歌颂了黑暗中人性光明的一面。故选A。
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