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Unit 5Canada “The True North”【短文语法填空】She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (rest). Instead, she is earning 6500 a day as 62 model in New York. Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britains new supermodel earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66 (educate).She has turned down several 67 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 68 engineering or architecture. Sarah says, My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 (e) first. I dont want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I dont want to have nothing else to fall back on when I cant model any more.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了Sarah Thomas在学业和诱人的职业面前所做出的选择，她认为在青少年时期要把学业放在首位。61. resting 62. a 【解析】考查冠词。model是可数名词，前面没有限定词，而此处泛指 一个，故填a。63. was told / has been told 64. who 【解析】考查定语从句。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为Sarah，指人，要用who。65. to prove 【解析】考查非谓语动词。want to do sth.想要做某事。66. education 【解析】考查词形转换。形容词性物主代词后面应该接名词形式。67. invitations 【解析】考查名词单复数。several修饰可数名词复数形式，故填invitations。68. in 【解析】考查介词。in表示在某方面，获得某项学位 get a degree in。69. es 【解析】考查动词。根据语境可知Sarah认为当下应该是学业第一，说明现在的情况应该用一般现在时。70. certainly 【解析】考查副词。修饰动词应该用副词形式，故填certainly。measure vi.& vt.测量；衡量；判定n计量单位；措施(1)measure.by.用来衡量be measured by/in 用来衡量/计算(2)take measures/steps/action to do sth.采取措施做某事take measures against sth.采取措施防范某事take sbs measuretake the measure of sb.给某人量尺寸in some measure在某种程度上(教材原句)It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall，some measuring over 90 metres.那里的湿度很大，所以树都长得特别高，一些高达90多米。(2016北京卷)“Although these measures (measure) are not effective forever，they are vital for now，”he says.他说：“虽然这些措施不会永远有效，但他们现在很重要。”The government warned that police would take tougher measures to_contain (contain) the terrorist attacks.政府警告说，警方将采取更为强硬的措施来遏制恐怖袭击。confirm vt.证实；证明；确定，确认；批准(1)confirm ones belief 坚定信念confirm sb.in belief/opinion/theory 使某人确信某信念/观点/理论confirm a contract 批准合同confirm sth./that/whether.证实It has been confirmed that.已经确定(2)confirmation n证实；确认；批准(3)confirmed adj.证实的；惯常的(教材原句).and there was frost on the ground，confirming that fall had arrived in Canada.地上有霜，证明秋天已经来到加拿大了。Earlier reports were unable to_confirm (confirm)that there were any survivors.早先的报道无法证实是否有幸存者。The Defence Ministry refused to confirm whether the information was true.国防部拒绝证实此消息是否属实。distance n距离；远方；遥远；疏远v不介入，与疏远(1)in the distance 在远处at a distance 隔一段距离；距离稍远from a distance 由远处keep sb.at a distance 对某人冷淡；与某人疏远keep your distance from 与保持距离(2)distance oneself from.不介入；与疏远(3)distant adj.遥远的；远处的；久远的(教材原句)In the distance，they could see the misty cloud that rose from the great Niagara Falls，which is on the south side of the lake.远处，她们可以看到湖的南边尼亚加拉大瀑布上方升腾着的雾霭。The picture looks better at a distance.这幅画远点看更佳。I could see the bus ing from a distance.我能看见公共汽车正从远处开来。(2015浙江卷)Farther in the distance (distant)，I could not enjoy the view of snowy mountains.隔着很远的一段距离，我欣赏不到雪山的美景。impress vt.使印象深刻；使铭记(1)impress sth.on/upon sb.impress sb.with sth.使某人铭记某事物be impressed by/with/at 对印象深刻be impressed on ones mind/memory 被印在脑海里It impresses sb.that.令人佩服的是(2)impression n印象；感想have/leave/make/create a(n).impression on sb.给某人留下的印象have/get the impression that.有的印象(3)impressive adj.给人深刻印象的；感人的(教材原句)What impressed you?是什么给了你深刻印象？My father impressed on me the value of hard work.My father impressed me with the value of hard work.我父亲要我牢记努力工作的重要性。(2016上海卷)I was so impressed (impress) by how selfless she was.她那么的无私我印象深刻。语境填词Shenzhen impresses (impress) tourists from home and abroad.First，they have a good impression (impress) on the citys road and traffic.Besides，the city impresses (impress)its friendliness and hospitality upon/on their mind.Above all，many places of interest in this city are very impressive (impress)，such as Window of the World，the Happy Valley and so on.单句语法填空(2017浙江卷)He was impressed(impress) with Benjamins drawings.【七选五】The Science of Risk-SeekingSometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking. 1 Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 2 As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.So why arent we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring persons survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. 3 No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 4 To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well. 5 For the risk-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure bees active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear bees active.As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, well continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.A. It all depends on your character.B. Those are the risks you should jump to take.C. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.D. Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.E. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.F. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.G. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，作者讲的是有关冒险的科学的探索方面的内容。1.F 【解析】选项F中的weigh risks and rewards与上文的weigh the risk and the reward相呼应，故F项符合语境。2.C 【解析】选项C中的Being better at those things与上文的were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring相呼应，因此选C。3.A 【解析】前文说人们有各种不同的性格，因此你可能喜欢赛车，或者讨厌赛车，故A项这完全是由你的性格决定的符合语境。4.E 【解析】根据上文的your willingness.teenage years及下文的hunger for new experiences.可知E项符合语境。5.G 【解析】根据空后的For the risk-seekers.bees active可知，此处讲的是面对紧张的局面时我们的大脑会有不同的反应，故G项符合语境。catch sight of 看见；瞥见at first sight 第一眼就；乍看之下at the sight of 一看见in sight 在看得见的范围内out of sight 在看不见的地方e in/into sight 进入视线，映入眼帘lose ones sight 丧失视力have good/poor sight 视力好/差(教材原句)They managed to catch sight of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle.她们总算见到了野山羊，甚至还看到了大灰熊和一只鹰。(朗文P1906)We stood at the window until the car came in/into sight.我们站在窗前，直到看见他们的车子。At first sight their demands seemed reasonable.乍看起来，他们的要求似乎满合理的。manage to do 设法做manage sb.设法对付某人manage sth.经营/管理manage it 能做到try to do sth.努力做某事(教材原句)They managed to catch sight of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle.她们总算见到了野山羊，甚至还看到了大灰熊和一只鹰。She knows how to_manage (manage) him when hes angry.她知道他生气时如何对付他。He managed to_pass (pass) the exam.他设法通过了考试。have a gift for 对有天赋be gifted in/have a talent for 对有天赋a man of many gifts 多才多艺的人have an eye for sth.对有鉴赏力或识别力(教材原句)Many of them have a gift for riding wild horses and can win thousands of dollars in prizes.他们许多人都有骑马的天赋，都能赢得几千美元的奖金。Her little girl is_gifted (gift) in music.她的小女儿有音乐天赋。He has a gift for language，while his sister is a gifted (gift) pianist.他有语言天赋而他的妹妹是一个有天赋的钢琴家。as far as 远到，直至，至于(1)(2)(3)by far 到目前为止so far 迄今为止far from 远离；远非；一点也不go too far 开玩笑开得过火(教材原句)Its too bad you cant go as far as Ottawa，Canadas capital.很可惜你们不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太华。Im far from pleased with your behaviour.我对你的表现很不满意。Standing here，you can see as far as the foot of the hill.站在这里，你可以一直看到山脚下。Besides，as far as he was_concerned (concern)，what other people thought was not the most important thing.此外，依他之见，别人的想法并不是最重要的。单句语法填空(2017北京卷)Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teamsyet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans.【短文改错】Most people directly link senior high school life with plenty of stress and endless homeworks.However, some interested activities indeed contribute to reduce the pressure.Last week the entertainment department of our Student Union organized the activity in which each class shoot a short movie.Our class chose a story setting in World War ，that showed the preciousness of peace.I think this process was a good lesson that taught to me how to strike a balance between studying or relaxation.Now I am determined than ever to treasure everything I have and fight for my future.【答案】Most people directly link senior high school life with plenty of stress and endless .However, some activities indeed contribute to the pressure.Last week the entertainment department of our Student Union organized activity in which each class a short movie.Our class chose a story in World War ， showed the preciousness of peace.I think this process was a good lesson that taught me how to strike a balance between studying relaxation.Now I am determined than ever to treasure everything I have and fight for my future.第一处：homeworkshomework。考查名词。homework为不可数名词，没有复数形式。 第二处：interestedinteresting。考查形容词。interesting修饰物，意为“有趣的”；根据该句中的名词activities可知答案；interested修饰人，意为“感兴趣的”。第三处：reducereducing。考查动名词。该句中短语“contribute to”中的to为介词，后接动名词。第四处：thean。考查不定冠词。根据语境可知，该处泛指“一次活动”，故用不定冠词。第五处：shootshot。考查动词的时态。根据该句的时间状语“Last week”可知，该句陈述的事情发生在过去，故用一般过去时。第六处：settingset。考查过去分词。a story和set之间为动宾关系，表示“以二战为背景的故事”，故用过去分词作后置定语。第七处：thatwhich。考查关系代词。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，关系词指代前面的a story，在从句中作主语，故用which。第八处：删除to。考查固定用法。teach为及物动词，后直接加宾语，不需要接to。teach sb.sth.为固定用法，意为“教某人”。第九处：or改为and。考查连词。该处表示在学习和放松之间取得平衡。between.and.意为“在和之间”。第十处：在am后加more。考查比较级。根据该句中的than可知，该处应用比较级。Rather_than_take the aeroplane all the way，they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train from west to east across Canada.她们不想一路乘飞机，而是决定先飞到温哥华，再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。rather than意为“而不是”，连接两个并列成分，后接名词，代词，形容词，副词，ing形式或不定式。(1)would rather(not)do 宁愿(不)做(2)(3)would rather have done 本来想而未实现(4)I always prefer to_start (start) early，rather than leave everything to the last minute.我总是愿意早开始，而不愿意把所有的事情都留到最后才做。I would rather stay at home than go shopping on such a humid day.在这样潮湿的天气里，我宁愿呆在家里，也不愿去购物。I would rather(that)you hadnt_done(do)that thing.我宁愿你没做那件事。rather than连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词短语、动名词、分词、不定式以及动词等。但注意以下几点：(1)rather than 连接两个并列不定式时，rather than之后的不定式可省略to。(2)rather than 连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。They said the director，rather than the clerks，was (be) responsible for the incident.他们说不是职员，而是主管要为这次事件负责。单句语法填空(2017全国卷)By last year, the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to more_than 170 wolves.It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall，some_measuring_over_90_metres.那儿的湿度很大，树木极高，有些树的高度超过90米。some measuring over 90 metres为独立主格结构，在句中作伴随状语。独立主格结构在句中作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件或伴随等。其构成方式如下：(1)名词(代词)现在分词(2)名词(代词)过去分词(3)名词(代词)不定式(4)名词(代词)副词He lay there，his teeth set，his eyes looking (look) straight up.他躺在那儿，牙关紧闭，两眼直视上方。(表方式)There being (be) no bus，we had to go home on foot.(表原因)没有公共汽车了，我们不得不步行回家。Many trees，flowers，and grass to_be_planted (plant)，our newlybuilt school will look even more beautiful.种上许多的树、花和草后，我们新建的学校看上去将更美。(表原因)The meeting over，our headmaster soon left the meeting room.散会了，校长很快就离开了会议室。(表时间)(2015江苏卷)Much time spent (spend) sitting at a desk，office workers are generally troubled by health problems.长时间伏案工作，很多上班族都会受到健康问题的困扰。【阅读理解】Captain John Bunch loves to go fishing. In fact, Bunch loves fishing so much that he became a professional fishing guide decades ago and has remained one ever since. There is something, however, that Bunch loves even more. That is his country and the men and women who join the army to protect it. Ever since Bunch met a young soldier in 2005, who wanted to go on a fishing trip before he left the army, the Florida native has offered over 1 200 fishing trips to veterans(退伍军人), with all expenses paid.And Bunchs efforts to give back to those who have served their nation go even much further. Inspired by that fishing trip 11 years ago, he founded Operation Open Arms, which has since helped nearly 3 400 US troops and given out more than $12 million in direct benefits with his charity. Operation Open Arms also provides free weddings, vacations, and more leisurely activities to veterans, and can rely on a network of over 300 businesses and individual partners to get former soldiers anything they might need upon returning home from army.The former marines heartwarming generosity is a result of his own experiences in the military and the pride he has for his country. I do this because I love my country and I do this because America is the greatest country in the world, he told NBCs Today Show. Bunchs unwavering mitment goes so far that he once turned down an invitation from then-President George W. Bush, because he had already scheduled a fishing trip with one of his veterans. Even the military has recognized Bunchs work of love, and earlier this year honored him and his organization with the Outstanding Civilian Service Award and the Armys most prestigious civilian award.1.What caused John Bunch to offer free fishing trips to veterans?A.A young soldiers desire to go on a fishing trip.B. Working as a professional fishing guide.C. Having served in the army.D. Growing up in Florida.2.What is Paragraph Two mainly about?A. The achievements Operation Open Arms has made.B. How Operation Open Arms was founded.C. Activities Captain John Bunch has joined.D. The missions of Operation Open Arms.3.Which can best describe John Bunchs personality?A. Ambitious and talented.B. Responsible and patient.C. Honest and determined.D. Warm-hearted and generous.4.John Bunch didnt accept George W. Bushs invitation because_.A. he thought little of himB. he didnt want to see himC. he had to take care of businessD. he wanted to stay with veterans【文章大意】钓鱼向导John Bunch不仅自己喜欢钓鱼，而且还为美国退伍军人安排很多次免费的钓鱼之旅，并为他们提供一些其他的福利。1.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的Ever since Bunch met a young soldier in 2005, who wanted to go on a fishing trip before he left the army, the Florida native has offered over 1 200 fishing trips to veterans(退伍军人), with all expenses paid可知,2005年,Captain John Bunch遇上一个年轻的士兵，士兵说他希望退役前能来一次钓鱼之旅。此后，Captain John Bunch为退伍军人安排了1 200多次免费的钓鱼之旅。故此题选A。3.D 【解析】推理判断题。从短文中John Bunch为退伍军人安排免费的钓鱼之旅,和provides free weddings.等可知，John Bunch不仅友好，具有强烈的助人为乐精神,而且还成立慈善机构慷慨大方地帮助退伍军人。故选D。4.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的he once turned down an invitation from then-President George W. Bush, because he had already scheduled a fishing trip with one of his veterans可知，John Bunch曾经拒绝布什总统的邀请是因为他事先计划要和退伍军人一起去钓鱼。
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