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Module 2 A Job Worth Doing一积词汇见多识广课内单词回扣(一)阅读词汇写其义1immigration n. 移民 2.visa n签证3reception n. 欢迎会；招待会 4.embassy n. 使馆_5awkward adj. 尴尬的 6.coincidence n. 巧合7sigh v. 叹气，叹息 8.circumstance n. 情形，情况(二)表达词汇写其形1serious adj. 严肃的 2.lack v. 缺乏，缺少3opportunity n. 机会 4.certain pron. 某些5reply n. 回答，答复，回信 6.tease v. 戏弄，嘲弄，揶揄7interrupt v. 打断 8.purpose n. 目的9fool n. 傻瓜，笨蛋 10.anyhow adv. 不管怎么说，无论如何(三)拓展词汇灵活用*1.impolite adj.不礼貌的(反义词)polite adj.礼貌的impolitely adv.不礼貌地*2.confidently adv.自信地confident adj.自信的confidence n自信心3advance adj.预先的，在前的 n前进；进步 v前进；促进；提前advanced adj.先进的；高级的4application n申请apply v申请applicant n申请人；应聘者5absence n缺乏，不存在absent adj.缺乏的；不在的，缺席的*6.apology n道歉，致歉apologise v道歉7acquaintance n熟人，相识的人acquaint v认识；使熟悉8cautious adj.谨慎的，慎重的，小心的caution n谨慎，慎重，小心*9.imagine v想象imagination n想象(力)；幻想imaginative adj.创造性的；富有想象力的*10.successful adj.成功的success n成功succeed v成功；接替，继承用上面标注*的单词的正确形式填空1Tom apologised to Mary the other day for his rudeness; of course, she accepted his apology.(apologise)2Tom used to be confident about his future. He said confidently that he would go to a key college. But his confidence was badly shaken by the failure in the final examination. (confident)3Generally speaking, an inventor needs a creative imagination,_but can you imagine a little boy like him can make so imaginative a model ship？(imagine)4He succeeded his father as manager of the pany. Soon their business became very successful. Lots of people wanted to know the secret of his success. (success)5Its impolite for you to speak to your parents impolitely in public. On the contrary, its polite to talk to them gently. (polite),话题单词积累1consult/knslt/ vt.请教；商量 2forgive/fIv/ vt. 原谅3relax/rIlks/ vt.&vi. (使)放松4relaxing/rIlksI/ adj. 令人轻松的5relaxed/rIlkst/ adj. 轻松的6enthusiastic/InjuzIstIk/ adj.热情的7sincere/sInsI/ adj. 真诚的8modest/mdIst/ adj. 谦虚的9reliable/rIlaIbl/ adj. 可信赖的10patient/peI()nt/ adj. 有耐心的11trust/trst/ vt. 相信；信任12plain/kmpleIn/ vt.&vi. 抱怨13embarrass/Imbrs/ vt. 使尴尬14appreciate/priIeIt/ vt. 欣赏，感激15appreciation/priIeI()n/ n. 欣赏，感激16friendliness/fren(d)lInIs/ n. 友情，友善17admit/dmIt/ vt. 承认，允许18allow/la/ vt. 允许； 许可19remend/rekmend/ vt. 推荐，介绍20remind/rImaInd/ vt. 提醒21advise/dvaIz/ vt. 建议22avoid/vId/ vt. 避免23ignore/In/ vt. 不理睬；忽视24disagree/dIsri/ vi. 不同意25disturb/dIstb/ vt. 打扰26refuse/rIfjuz/ vt. 拒绝27reject/rIdekt/ vt. 拒绝；排斥28regret/rIret/ v. 抱歉，后悔29warn/wn/ v. 警告30topic/tpIk/ n. 话题31conversation/knvseI()n/ n. 交谈32chat/tt/ v&n. 聊天；闲谈33gossip/sIp/ vi.&n. 闲话34awkwardness/kwdns/ n. 尴尬35prejudice/preddIs/ n. 偏见 二积短语顿挫抑扬课内短语回扣(一)根据汉语写出下列短语1make_friends交朋友，建立友谊2(be)_nervous_about 对神经紧张/害怕/胆怯/焦虑不安*3.think_of 想起，回忆起4find_out 了解(到)；找出(信息)*5.in_addition 除此之外，另外6as_a_consequence 因此，结果*7.cheer_sb._up 使某人高兴/振作起来*8.leave_out 省去，删去9(be)_aware_of 知道；意识到*10.show_off 炫耀(二)用上面标注*的短语完成下列句子1In order to show_off his new car, Mike drove to the pub.2I think_of the happy time we spent together every time I go back to my hometown.3When I encounter difficulties, her eyes will encourage me and help cheer_me_up.4Take care not to leave_out anything useful when you leave.5Its too late to go to the football match now; in_addition,_its beginning to rain. 话题短语积累1make up和解2municate with 与交流3pass the time 打发时间4share .with . 与分享5depend/rely on 依靠，相信6have .in mon 有共同之处7be on good terms with sb. 与某人关系好8be honest with sb. 对某人很坦诚9think highly/much of sb. 对某人评价高10have words with . 与发生口角11calm .down (使)平静下来；(使)镇静下来12get through 接通电话13call up/ring up 打电话14take it easy 别紧张15good manners 有礼貌16wait in a line 排队等候17call off 取消18turn down 拒绝19get/be tired of 对厌烦20have trouble in doing sth. 在做某事方面有困难 三积句式写作扮靓课内句式仿写1“祈使句and陈述句”例句Talk to a man about himself, and he will speak to you for hours!仿写再给我一个小时，我会把工作做完的。Give_me_one_more_hour,_and Ill get the work finished.2every time引导时间状语从句例句Her motto was “Every time I open my mouth, I put my foot in it.” 仿写每当我看到这张照片时，我总想起在大学的美好时光。Every_time_I_see_the_photo,_I always think of the wonderful time in university.3itbe动词过去分词that从句例句It is estimated that 80% of all conversation in English is small talk.仿写众所周知，“有志者，事竟成。”(2014四川高考满分作文)Its_known_to_all_that “Where is a will, there is a way.”话题佳句背诵1Not only are they modest, but also they are very polite to teachers and other students.他们不仅谦逊而且对老师和其他同学非常有礼貌。2We should be kind to one another, which is essential to enjoying a harmonious life.我们应当彼此友善，这对于享受和谐的生活是必要的。3As far as Im concerned, to build a good relationship, we should trust each other first.就我个人而言，要建立良好的关系，我们首先应该彼此信任。4In my opinion, this relationship should be filled with love, care, understanding, and respect, so we can exchange ideas freely and get along well with each other.我认为，这种关系应该充满爱、关心、理解和尊重，因此我们能够自由地交换观点，并且能够相处融洽。四背语段语感流畅What is small talk? Small talk is a relaxing conversation that people make to pass the time or avoid awkwardness. You can make small talk when waiting in a line at the store, or while waiting for a bus or a lift. Though the topics in small talk are not important, small talk itself is very important. It makes other people relaxed. It breaks the silence and passes the time pleasantly. In addition, it shows friendliness and good manners.闲聊是什么？闲聊就是人们用来打发时间或避免尴尬所进行的轻松的谈话。您可以在商店排队时闲聊，或者在等公共汽车或电梯时闲聊。虽然闲聊的主题并不重要，但是闲聊本身非常重要。它让其他人放松。它打破沉寂，愉快地打发时间。另外，它还表明友好和礼貌。第一板块重点词汇突破师生共研词汇1lack v缺乏，缺少n.缺乏；短缺的东西教材原句Do you want to make more friends but lack the confidence to talk to people you dont know?你是否想结交更多的朋友，但是又缺乏与陌生人交谈的信心？(1)lack sth.缺乏/少某物(2)(a) lack of . 缺乏/少for lack of 因缺乏(3)lacking adj. 缺少的，不足的be lacking in 缺少(品质、特点等)；在方面缺乏Though lacking (lack) money, his parents managed to send him to a university.尽管缺钱，但他的父母还是设法供他上了大学。Its not that exercise makes you healthy; its more that a_lack_of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.并不是锻炼使你健康，更应该是缺乏锻炼让你身体虚弱，容易遭受疾病的侵袭。For_lack_of confidence, she is lacking_in skills of municating.因缺少自信，她缺乏交流技巧。名师指津lack既可以作动词也可作名词。作及物动词时不能用于被动语态，后面直接接宾语；作不及物动词时常接介词for；作名词时，后面常用介词of。2absence n缺乏，不存在教材原句Esther Greenbaums major shorting was that she had a plete absence of small talk.埃斯特戈林鲍姆的主要缺点是她根本不会闲聊。(1)absence from缺席；不在absence of mind 心不在焉，精神恍惚in the absence of 由于缺乏；(物)不存在；缺少/席during/in ones absence 在某人不在/缺席的时候(2)absent adj. 缺席的，不在场的(后置定语)be absent from . 不参加，缺席be present at 出席absentminded absence of mind心不在焉的However, learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in_the_absence_of a native language environment.然而，在缺乏母语环境的情况下学习作为外语的英语相当困难。I will go on a business trip tomorrow; Mark will be in charge of the pany in_my_absence.明天我要出差；我不在时马克管理公司。Please excuse my absence from class today, because I got a bad cold yesterday evening and didnt sleep well at night.请原谅我今天不能上课，因为我昨天晚上得了重感冒并且晚上没有睡好。Dear Miss, I am writing to apologize to you for being absent (absence) from the activity of the English club on May 5th.亲爱的老师，我因没有参加5月5日的英语俱乐部活动而写信向你道歉。3apology n道歉，致歉高考佳句I owe you an apology for the fact that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.(2016全国卷书面表达)我应向你道歉，星期五下午不能和你一起去书店。(1)make an apology to sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而向某人道歉accept/refuse ones apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉owe sb. an apology 应向某人道歉 (2)apologise v. 道歉apologise to sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而向某人道歉I think you should apologise to your brother for being so rude to him.I think you should make_an_apology to your brother for being so rude to him.你对你弟弟那么粗鲁，我认为你应该为此向他道歉。Please accept_our_apology for the inconvenience this matter has given you. 对此事给您带来的不便，请接受我们的歉意。4imagine v想象，设想高考佳句I often imagine what my life will be like in the future.(2014全国卷满分作文)我经常想象将来我的生活会是什么样子。(1)imagine (sb.) doing sth.想象(某人)做某事imagine从句 想象imagine sb./sth. as/to be 把某人/物想象成；认为某人/物是(2)imagination n. 想象力；创造力She imagined walking (walk) into the office and telling everyone what she thought of them. 她想象自己走进办公室，告诉每个人自己对他们的看法。I never knew my grandmother, but I always imagine her as/to_be a kind and gentle person.我从未见过我的祖母，但我总把她想象成一个善良、温和的人。 Sometimes, imagination (imagine) is more important than knowledge during our studies.有时候，在学习过程中想象力比知识更重要。名师指津imagine后接v.ing形式，不接不定式作宾语，有时可加上v.ing形式动作的发出者(常用代词宾格或形容词性物主代词构成动名词的复合结构)。词汇过关练.单句语法填空1He just graduated from the university last month, so he is lacking in working experience.2I remend making seat reservations in advance, because this is a popular film and there will be a lot of audience.3He was absent from the conference yesterday because of his sudden heart disease.4The case was dismissed in the absence of any definite proof.5Dont wait for an apology. Many times the person who hurt you does not plan to_apologise. (apologise)6I cant imagine him living (live) in the old house by himself without electricity.7If you joke with him, hell think youre looking down on him on purpose.8I planned to leave the next day but under the circumstances I decided to stay another night.单句改错1Poetry written from the perspective of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack for sense of belonging.forof2Nothing happened during his absence of America.offrom3Every time he interrupts me, he always makes apology to me.apology前加an4Its hard to imagine live in a place where there are no telephones or cars.liveliving5It is sure that he has passed the examination, and I am sure I will pass it too.第一个surecertain.单句写作(一句多译)1由于缺钱，这个可怜的女孩不能买这本书。The poor girl cant buy this book for_lack_of_money.(for lack of)Lacking_money,_the poor girl cant buy this book. (lack分词短语作状语)Because_she_lacks_money,_the poor girl cant buy this book.(lack v. 原因状语从句)2我不得不为迟到向班主任道歉。I had to apologise_to_the_headteacher_for my being late.(apologise to sb. for )I had to make_an_apology_to_the_headteacher_for my being late.(make an apology)3我认为我们的校长是一个负责任的领导。I imagine_our_headmaster_as/to_be a responsible leader. (imagine sb. as/to be .)I imagine_our_headmaster_is a responsible leader. (imagine 从句)第二板块短语、句式突破1leave out省去，删去；漏掉；忽视；忽略；不考虑教材原句Notice how certain words are left out in informal conversation.注意在非正式谈话中是如何省略某些词的。一词多义写出下列句中leave out的含义You can leave out the parts of the story that are not interesting.省去，删去No wonder you couldnt get through. Youve left out a zero in this phone number.漏掉All the others seemed to know each other and I began to feel left out.忽视We left out the possibility of his ing to the party.不考虑leave for someplace动身去某地leave behind 遗留，遗忘；使落后leave sb. alone 不打扰某人；不管某人leave sth. aside 不予考虑，搁在一边Either one goes forward or he will be left_behind.不进则退。If left_alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter. 如果把猫和狗丢在外面不管，它们很快就会找到温暖的栖身之处。2show off炫耀教材原句Ine is a very private matter, and youd do well to avoid asking how much people earn, although some people may not only be open about it, but show off their wealth.收入属于个人隐私，所以你最好避免问别人挣多少钱，尽管有些人对此不仅不加隐瞒，反而还炫耀他们的财富。show up到场，出现，露面show sb. around 领某人(到处)参观show sb. in/out 领某人进来/出去on show 在展出Though Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize for Literature, he doesnt like to show himself off in public. Therefore, he seldom shows up on the TV screen.尽管莫言获得了诺贝尔文学奖，但他并不愿意在公众面前炫耀自己。所以，他很少出现在电视屏幕上。Ill be very glad to show you around our beautiful city when you arrive.你到达时，我非常乐意带你参观我们这座美丽的城市。3Her motto was “Every_time I open my mouth, I put my foot in it.”她的“座右铭”是“每当我张口，就会讲错话。”every time相当于each time，是名词短语用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“每次”。常见的可用作从属连词的名词短语或副词还有：(1)the first time第一次时(the) next time 下次时any time 任何时候(the) last time 上次/最后一次时(2)the minute/moment/instant 一就(3)immediately/instantly/directly 一就Every/Each_time I see the old man in the park, he is absorbed in reading papers.每次我在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地看报纸。The_first_time I interviewed him, he looked a bit nervous.我第一次采访他时，他看起来有点紧张。Next_time_you_e_to_Beijing,_be sure to let me know in advance. 下次你来北京时，务必提前告诉我。名师指津the first time用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次时”。for the first time是介词短语，只能用作状语，意为“第一次”。短语、句式过关练.leave短语填空1The printer has left_out two lines from this paragraph.2My aunt is leaving_for Beijing at eleven oclock tomorrow morning.3I wonder why they left_aside such an important question.4Were going to be_left_behind by the rest of the world if we dont do all we can to catch up.5I am really terrified of being_left_alone in that house.用show短语完成下面语段My son 1.showed me around his schoolyard last week. When we approached their science lab, he 2.showed me in and 3.showed_off the advanced instruments 4.on_show. After all was finished he 5.showed me out of the school gate.句型转换1Ill never forget the excitement when I saw the sea for the first time.Ill never forget the excitement the_first_time I saw the sea.2The virus is believed to have spread in many countries.It_is_believed_that the virus has spread in many countries.3If you take this medicine, youll be fine.Take_this_medicine_and youll be fine.4However boring the lecture is, you must listen to it carefully.No_matter_how boring the lecture is, you must listen to it carefully.提能一用课文词汇写高分作文apologise， advanced， imagine， in advance， show off， lack of， every time， in ones absence 1补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)经理要求我们提前完成任务以炫耀他的工作能力。The manager required us to finish the task in_advance to show_off his ability to work.因为缺少先进的设备，我们没有按时完成任务，他要求我们为此向他道歉。Because of (a) lack_of advanced equipment, we didnt finish it on time, and he demanded we should apologise to him for it.你可以想象当时我有多生气。You could imagine how angry I was at that time.每次我记起这件事，我仍然很生气。Every_time I remember it, I still get annoyed.我们不得不服从他，但是有时候在他不在时我们会抱怨。We had to obey him, but we sometimes plained in_his_absence.他被认为是一个不受欢迎的经理。He_is_believed_to_be an unpopular manager.2升级平淡句(1)用“介词关系代词”把句改写成定语从句Because_of_(a)_lack_of_advanced_equipment,_we_didnt_finish_it_on_time,_for_which_he_demanded_we_should_apologise_to_him._(2)用“Itbe过去分词that .”句型改写句It_is_believed_that_he_is_an_unpopular_manager.3衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇： but, although, in a word)The manager required us to finish the task in advance to show off his ability to work. But because of (a) lack of advanced equipment, we didnt finish it on time, for which he demanded we should apologise to him. You could imagine how angry I was at that time. Every time I remember it, I still get annoyed. Although we had to obey him, we sometimes plained in his absence. In a word, it is believed that he is an unpopular manager.提能二用课文句型解构高考长难句本单元突破点多个定语从句状语从句经典例句比较分析真题尝试翻译课文长难句Imagine a situation where two strangers are talking to each other after someone they both know has left the room, or the caf or party, etc.本句含有两个定语从句一个是where two strangers are talking to each other，修饰situation；另一个是(whom) they both know，修饰someone和一个时间状语从句(由连词after连接)。但是，在缺乏信任，做错事的人不承担责任来修复错误时，你就不可能成功。真题长难句But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.(2015全国卷阅读七选五)本句含有两个定语从句一个是that results from an action，修饰relationship；另一个是where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake，修饰action和一个时间状语从句(由when连接)。本模块的话题是“人际关系”，是高考常考话题之一。“闲谈”一词的别样说法有很多，比如“聊天”“侃大山”“摆龙门阵”等等。了解东西方人们聊天的方式、技巧、内容等的异同有助于我们更深的了解西方文化。纵观历年各地高考试题，此话题在听力、完形填空、阅读理解、阅读七选五等题型中频繁出现。话题与语篇考题示例(2016浙江高考阅读A)1 “Did you hear what happened to Adam last Friday？” Lindsey whispers to Tori.2 With her eyes shining, Tori brags, “You bet I did. Sean told me two days ago.”3 Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about? It just happens to be yours truly, Adam Freedman. I can tell you that what they are saying is (a) not nice and (b) not even true. Still, Lindsey and Tori arent very different from most students here at Linton High School, including me. Many of our conversations are gossip (闲话). I have noticed three effects of gossip：it can hurt people, it can give gossipers a strange kind of satisfaction, and it can cause social pressures in a group.4 An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about. Usually, gossip spreads information about a topic breakups, trouble at home, even dropping out that a person would rather keep secret. The more embarrassing or shameful the secret is, the juicier the gossip it makes. Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie. People often think of gossipers as harmless, but cruel lies can cause pain.5 If we know that gossip can be harmful, then why do so many of us do it? The answer lies in another effect of gossip: the satisfaction it gives us. Sharing the latest rumor (传言) can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others dont. Similarly, hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group.” In other words, gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority (优越感)6 Gossip also can have a third effect: it strengthens unwritten, unspoken rules about how people should act. Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group. Translated into high school terms, this means that if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said, then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention. The dos and donts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook.7 The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation. The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news, think about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story” might have.1The author uses a conversation at the beginning of the passage to _.Aintroduce a topic Bpresent an argumentCdescribe the charactersDclarify his writing purpose2An important negative effect of gossip is that it _.Abreaks up relationshipsBembarrasses the listenerCspreads information aroundDcauses unpleasant experiences3In the authors opinion, many people like to gossip because it _.Agives them a feeling of pleasureBhelps them to make more friendsCmakes them better at telling storiesDenables them to meet important people4Professor David Wilson thinks that gossip can _.Aprovide students with written rulesBhelp people watch their own behaviorsCforce schools to improve student handbooksDattract the polices attention to group behaviors5What advice does the author give in the passage?ANever bee a gossiper.BStay away from gossipers.CDont let gossip turn into lies.DThink twice before you gossip.策略指导(一)这样读文第1步：宏观把握文章大意分层抓关键句概括层意行文结构12段第1段画波浪线部分Lindsey对Tori说悄悄话，谈论别人的事情引出话题36段第36段画波浪线部分说闲话的影响及原因分析分析7段第7段画波浪线部分说闲话要考虑原因及影响看法第2步：微观突破理解障碍自主翻译把这转换成高中用语，意思就是如果和你在一起的每个人都在嘲笑约翰穿的衣服或者简说过的话，那你肯定会知道自己穿同样的衣服或者说同样的话也会引起人们的那种消极的关注。(二)这样做题名师解题1推理判断题。选A根据文章开头的对话内容和下文内容可知，作者使用对话的主要目的在于引出本文的话题“人们为什么喜欢说闲话”。A项为合理推断。B项“展示一个争论”；C项“描述人物性格”；D项“阐明写作目的”均为曲解文意。2推理判断题。选D根据第四段可推知，说闲话的一个重要的消极影响是伤害
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