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Unit 1 Art 阅读理解A(2018成都市高中毕业班诊断性检测)Johannes Vermeer is such a quiet and introspective(内省的)artist that it took hundreds of years for anyone to notice he was a genius.A major Vermeer exhibition opens this month at the Louvre in Paris, whose permanent collection includes his great painting of a woman absorbed in close, visually demanding work, The Lacemaker (about 16691670). Like other paintings by Vermeer, this image represents modern culture.So attracted are todays art lovers by Vermeer that it was thought shocking when a recent survey found that 82% of Americans cant name who painted Girl with a Pearl Earring. Well, maybe they dont go to the movies much.It is not true to say he was forgottenthat would suggest he was famous in his lifetime. He was not. Vermeer was one more painter among the many who worked for money in the Dutch Republic in the 17th century. He was not a star like Rembrandt. He obviously took himself and his art seriously. His selfreferential painting The Art of Painting proves that. Even though he worked all his life in Delft, he painted only 35 known works and left his family poor when he died in 1675 at the age of 43.It is fitting that Paris is celebrating Vermeer, because it was the French avantgarde(先锋派)in the 19th century who saved him from being pletely forgotten. pare his painting Woman in Blue Reading a Letter or The Little Street with, say, Edouard Manets A Bar at the FoliesBergre(1882)or Camille Pissarros The Boulevard Montmartre at Night (1897) and it is easy to see why the art of Vermeer found its natural audience in Parisian Bohemia.All these artists are likely to have known about and admired Vermeer due to the efforts of the critic ThorBrger, a veteran of the 1848 Revolution.Vermeers rediscovery is part of the history of modern French art. Vermeer is not only a great artist. He is a great modern artist.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了著名画家Johannes Vermeer的生平和他的艺术特点。1How many paintings produced by Vermeer are mentioned in the text?AFour.BFive.CSix. DSeven.B解析：细节理解题。通读全文可知，本文共提及Vermeer的五幅画作，包括第二段提及的The Lacemaker、第三段提及的Girl with a Pearl Earring、第四段提及的The Art of Painting、第五段提及的Woman in Blue Reading a Letter和The Little Street，故B项正确。2What can we know about Vermeer from Paragraph 4?AHe was wellknown when he was alive.BHe gained a good fortune for his family.CHe didnt witness the popularity of his works.DHe considered painting as a way to have fun.C解析：推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句可知，尽管他终身在代尔夫特工作，但是直到他在43岁去世时仅留下了35件被人们所知的作品，他是在贫困中离世的；结合第一段可知，人们在数百年后才发现他的艺术价值；据此可以判断，他没能看到他的作品受欢迎，故C项正确。3Who made a great contribution to introducing Vermeer to other artists?ARembrandt.BHis family.CAmerican art lovers. DThorBrger.D解析：细节理解题。根据第六段可知，由于评论家ThorBrger的努力，Vermeer才被这些艺术家认可，故D项正确。4Which of the following can be the best title for the text?ARediscovery of VermeerBAnecdotes About VermeerCGreat Modern French ArtDThe Tough Way to Success in ArtA解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了画家Johannes Vermeer的生平和他的艺术特点。Johannes Vermeer 在世时，画作并不为人所知，在贫困中死去；数百年后人们才发现他是艺术天才。故A项最适合作本文的标题。B(2018太原模拟)Opera is an art form that celebrates the human voice. No other art form creates excitement and moves the heart in the way that opera does, especially when performed by a great singer. Opera is an important part of the Western classical music tradition. It uses music, words, and actions to bring a dramatic story to life. Opera started in Italy at the end of the 16th century and later became popular throughout Europe. Over the years, it has responded to various musicals. In recent decades, much wider audiences have been introduced to opera through modern recording technology. Some singers have bee celebrities thanks to performing on radio, on TV, and in the cinema.However, in recent years, opera has been facing serious challenges. One current challenge to opera is economics. The shortage of money raises the broader question of how much should be paid to support opera singers and other artists. Society seems to accept the large salaries paid to business managers and the multimilliondollar contracts given to sports athletes. But what about opera singers? Somehow, people have the idea that artists can be creative only if they suffer in poverty, but this is unrealistic. If artists, including opera singers, lack the support they need, valuable talent is wasted.Not only the shortage of money, but also the way money is managed in the opera world has led to hardships. Principal singers are generally paid performance fees once they plete a show. They typically receive nothing during the many weeks of rehearsal(排练) before a show starts.Another problem faced by opera is how to meet the demands of audiences who are influenced by popular entertainment. Pop singers are often judged as much on the basis of how they look as how they sound. These demands may be unrealistic and possibly harmful. Opera singers simply cannot make a sound big enough to fill a large theater or concert hall without a microphone if their body weight is too low. Emphasizing physical appearance over singing ability may cause audiences to miss out on the human voice at its best.There are no easy solutions to operas problems and there are many different opinions about the value of opera. However, every year many young people register for music courses with hopes and dreams of developing their talent in this special art form. The fact that opera has survived many obstacles and continues to attract the rising generation shows that it remains a respectable art form full of value.【解题导语】本文主要讨论了歌剧所面临的挑战和困难。5Which of the statements is TRUE according to the passage?AOpera singers life stories are dramatic.BOpera will soon appear on TV and in films.COpera fans thank celebrities for performing.DOpera develops by adapting to new conditions.D解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Over the years, it has responded to various musicals.”可推知，歌剧适应新的状况而得以发展，故选D。6What can we know from Paragraphs 2 and 3?AOpera singers are financially insecure.BOpera singers waste their valuable talent.COpera singers get paid before the show.DOpera singers perform better if they are poor.A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的第二句以及第三段第一句可知，歌剧演唱家的经济是有问题的，不稳定的，故选A。7What does the author try to say in Paragraph 4?APopular culture has had a positive influence on opera.BAudiences know best how opera should be performed.CMicrophones should be used to make opera more enjoyable.DOpera singers voices should be valued more than their looks.D解析：推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句可知，歌剧演唱家的声音要比外貌重要得多，故选D。8What would be the best title for this passage?AThe Economic Challenge to OperaBOpera Faced with the DifficultiesCOpera as Part of Popular CultureDThe Historical Context of OperaB解析：标题归纳题。根据最后一段第一句并结合全文的整体内容可知，本文主要讨论的是歌剧所面临的问题和挑战，故选B。 完形填空(2018福建普通高中毕业班质量检查)I was a first officer at an airline. One Christmas Eve, I was checking instruments in 1 for my last flight of the day 2 I heard a noise behind me. I looked 3 my shoulder. Just outside the cockpit(驾驶舱) doorway was a boy of about nine 4 at the cockpit. At my glance he started to 5 . “e on in here，” I called. The boy stepped 6 into the cockpit. “My names Chad，” I said, sticking out my hand. With a shy smile he put his hand in 7 ， “Im Sam.”The captain would be in any minute. Sam looked so 8 that I didnt want to cut short his fun. I told Sam the 9 of each button. Finally Captain Jim came aboard. I 10 Sam to Jim, who gave him a broad smile. “You ever 11 an airplane before, Sam？” Jim asked. Eyes wide, Sam 12 his head. Following my 13 ， he carefully pressed a button as big as his hand to start the 14 ， which hummed(发出嗡嗡声) to life. Sam looked like he was about to cry with 15 . We started up the other engine, 16 ， and arrived in Macon about 40 minutes later.Early Christmas morning, Sams mother came by and 17 a tin of cookies with a note of thanks. Jim looked at it, 18 ， and read it aloud, “Thank you for what youve done. Sam has been dreaming about being a pilot. 19 ， hes got cancer.”A small 20 deed that one does can make a big difference to someone elses life.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者在例行检查飞机时，无意间的好心之举对一个罹患癌症的小孩儿有非凡意义的故事。1A.timeBreturnCpreparation DexchangeC解析：根据下文的“Finally Captain Jim came aboard.”可推知，当时飞机还没有起飞，作者在做一些起飞前的检查工作，与作者的身份officer呼应。2A.after BwhenCas if Deven thoughB解析：固定句型be doing.when.意为“正在做某事时，突然”， 空处与语境“I was checking”呼应，故选B。3A.over BaroundCabove DfromA解析：根据语境“I heard a noise behind me”可推知，作者当时回过头去看，over意为“从一边到另一边”，故选A。4A.glaring BaimingCshouting DstaringD解析：根据下文的“Sam looked so _ that I didnt want to cut short his fun.”可推知，小孩儿对驾驶舱很感兴趣，在盯着它看，这与下文作者给小孩儿介绍驾驶舱呼应。stare“盯着看”；glare“怒目而视”。5A.get in Bturn awayCrun out Dset offB解析：在作者的注视下，小孩儿转过脸去(turn away)。6A.cautiously BunexpectedlyCdesperately DdeliberatelyA解析：空处与下文的“With a shy smile”呼应，表示小孩儿当时很谨慎。cautiously “小心地，谨慎地”。7A.his BhimCme DmineD解析：根据上文的“sticking out my hand”可推知，作者准备和小孩儿握手，因此小孩儿羞怯地把手放在作者的手里。mine是名词性物主代词， 在此处相当于my hand。8A.thrilled BworriedCafraid DconfidentA解析：根据语境“I didnt want to cut short his fun”可推知，小孩儿当时很激动。thrilled “极为激动的”。9A.type BfunctionCproblem DregulationB解析：根据语境可知，作者给小孩儿介绍驾驶舱里每个按键的功能。function “功能”。10A.carried BreportedCintroduced DdirectedC解析：根据上文可知，小孩儿和作者是第一次见面，因此他们认识之后见到作者的同事时，作者把小孩儿介绍给了同事。introduce“介绍”。11A.saw BboardedCstarted DvisitedC解析：根据下文小孩儿在作者的指导下发动引擎可推知，此处问的是小孩儿之前是否开过飞机，与下文的“We started up the other engine”呼应。12A.raised BbowedCnodded DshookD解析：根据下文的“Following my _ ， he carefully pressed a button”可推知，小孩儿之前没有开过飞机，于是他摇头。13A.signals BinstructionsCexample DscheduleB解析：根据语境可推知，小孩儿按照作者的指示开始操作按键。instruction “指导”。14A.flight BjourneyCbutton DengineD解析：空处与下文的“which hummed(发出嗡嗡声)to life”和“We started up the other engine”呼应，表示小孩儿发动了引擎。15A.happiness BanxietyCsympathy DfrightA解析：空处与上文的“I didnt want to cut short his fun”呼应，表示小孩儿很高兴看到引擎被发动了起来。16A.gave up Bpulled overCtook off Dwent outC解析：根据语境“We started up the other engine . and arrived in Macon about 40 minutes later.”可推知，飞机的引擎都发动后，起飞了，大约40分钟后抵达了Macon。17A.took BmadeCbought DleftD解析：空处与“came by”呼应，表示Sam的母亲来了，然后留下了一罐饼干和一张感谢便条。18A.sighed BsobbedCbreathed DrelievedA解析：根据下文的“hes got cancer”可推知，当时Jim看到便条后，很伤感和无奈。sigh “叹气”。19A.Strangely BEventuallyCCarelessly DUnfortunatelyD解析：结合“hes got cancer”可推知，得了癌症是一件很不幸的事情。20A.heroic BriskyCkind DhonestC解析：根据全文可推知，作者无意间做的一件好事对一个罹患癌症的小孩儿来说有非凡的意义。kind “仁慈的，友好的”。
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