2019-2020年新人教版高中英语选修8Unit1ALandofDiversity知识点整理.doc

2019-2020年新人教版高中英语选修8Unit1ALandofDiversity知识点整理【重点词汇】1. distinction n .区别/差别 卓越/卓著 make a distinction /no distinction between A and B有区别/没有区别 The new law makes no distinction between adults and children Employers should hire men and women without distinction无差别地/一视同仁地/一律地 He passed the exam with distinction 优异地/显著地distinct . adj 明显的/清楚的/有区别的 be distinct fromin =be different frominThere was a distinct smell of gas That is a distinct advantagedistinguish v. 区分/辨别distinguish A from/and B distinguish right from wrong distinguished adj尊贵的/卓越的/杰出的 be distinguished for/as: be famous for/as 2. live on 继续活着/继续存在live on sth以某物为生/ 靠某物生活 e.g. Lu Xun is dead but his writing lives on. She lived on for many years after her husband died. Small birds live mainly on insects. You cant live on forty pounds a week.【拓展】feed on 以为主食/靠吃生活 live with sb/sth接受或容忍某现象/和生 The brave girl is learning to live with her disability live up to 实践（原则，誓言等）, 不辜负(他人的愿望),达到,符合 live through 经历而活过来3. means表示“方法，方式，手段”，其单复数同形, 其谓语动词得到单复数往往根据修饰means的形容词判断。means一般用于以下搭配：by all means尽一切办法；一定；务必；（表示答应）当然可以by any means无论如何by means of用，依靠by this means用这种方法by no means=not a bit 决不 （放在句首时主句使用部分倒装）4. majority n 大多数，大半(1) majority c the majority作主语时，谓语动词用单复数皆可。e.g. The majority is/are doing his/their best. 大多数人都尽心尽力。(2) the majority of+名词，表示“多数”，其后的谓语动词取决于of之后的名词。(3) 反义词是minority：少数，少数派，少数人；minorities：少数民族(4) in the/a majority 占大多数 get a majority获得多数票 a great majority 大多数 have a majority over sb.获得多于某人的票数，战胜某人 by/with a majority of 234以大多数(赢得) major adj.主要的，重要的，较大的，较多的；主修的; n. 主修科目；主修学生; v. 主修（in） minor adj. 较小的；不重要的5. make a life 习惯新的生活方式、工作等 （settle in at ones new job, school, or house）思维拓展: start/make a new life开始新生活 take ones own life =mit suicide自杀bring sb / sth (back) to life e (back) to life苏醒；复活；变得活跃live/lead a.life过着生活full of life充满生气 make/earn a/ones living谋生take sbs life =kill sb 取某人性命for life终生（的），一生（的）to the life栩栩如生，逼真6. keep up vi /vt保持(较高水平)/状态 维持/继续/持续; 沿用(袭)(风俗，传统); 保养/维护keep up ones spirits/ couragekeep up ones research/the work The rain kept up for four days. keep up old customs/traditions/culture keep up a car/ a house keep it up 保持优秀成绩/继续干下keep up with sth 跟上/不落后7. occur vi 发生，出现occur to sb.发生在某人身上某人想起做某事：It occurs to sb. to do sth. /It occurs to sb. that-clause sth. es to sb. sth. strikes sb. / It strikes sb. that-clause8. indicate vt 暗示, 表明;指出，标示 His hesitation indicated unwillingness.The black clouds indicate that it will rain soon.The machine can indicate how the raw material is processed.indication Cn, Un, 迹象，表明，说明 Are there any indications of improvement? indicator 指示器，指示灯9. apparent (obvious) 显而易见的，显然的，表面上的It was apparent that he was not satisfied with the result at all.His anxiety was apparent to the most casual eye.Mr. Smith was apparently unaware of the ing danger.He paused ,apparently lost in the thought9. team up with sb 与合作/协作 team up to do合作/协作做It is a pleasure to team up with such an excellent worker. I teamed up with a couple from my hotel and hired a car (结队而行 ) Lets team up to finish the task！10. mark out: 画线/标出界线; 选定/选出 表明/表示 mark out sb for 看中，选定, 使注定 Please mark out the sentence that you dont understand with a red pen His qualities mark him out as a born teacher(表明)Who will be be marked out for the interesting training?11. take in: 收容某人，留某人住宿，接纳房客；理解，领悟；欺骗蒙骗；把某物拿进来； 改小（衣服的）尺寸；吸入（气体）；12. apply for申请 apply for a post/ a visa/ a loan from the bankapply sth to 把运用于 We can apply this method to that kind of problems,apply to 适用于 The rules of safe driving applies to every one.apply oneself to 致力于 Apply yourself to the job in hand and youll soon finish it.12. nowhere adv无处/到处都无 可作宾语: 没有什么地方He went nowhere last Sunday. Nowhere else in the world can you find a more beautiful place than it.The dictionary is nowhere to be found/be seen.Nowhere is the dictionary to be found/be seen.We could find nowhere to park the car. Our budget is nowhere near enough. 远谈不上，离差得远13. reformVt 改革，改造 reform society/ ones character/ the worldVi 改过自新 The boy promised to reform if given another chance.N 改革make several reforms in the education system Our society needs tax reform.【其它短语/句型】1. survive these terrible times2. gain ones independence from3. declare war on4. bee home to5. sit back to back with sb6. It is likely that7. Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows.8. the Spanish had settled along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States.9. This is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first o second language.