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2019-2020年外研版高中英语必修3Module 3 The Violence of Natureword单元学案类别课程标准要求掌握的项目重点单词flood n.洪水vt./vi.淹没，使泛滥experience n.经验，经历；v.经历，体验cause n.原因，起因；vt.促使，引起，导致current adj.当前的，现时的；n.海流，潮流furniture n.家具(总称)bury vt.埋葬occur vi.发生tropical adj.热带的rotating adj.旋转的violent adj.暴力的;激烈的wave n.(热、光、声等的)波，波浪；vt./vi.挥手，挥动strike n.罢工，袭击；vt.击打，敲ruin vt.毁坏；n.毁灭，废墟，遗迹erupt vi.（火山的）爆发，喷发tidal adj.潮汐的，有涨落的previous adj.以前的，早先的possibility n.可能性terrifying adj.可怕的，吓人的luckily adv.幸运地thankfully adv.感谢地，感激地hopefully adv.有希望地，满怀希望地sadly adv.伤心地，痛心地fortunately ad.幸运地worldwide adj.全世界的active adj.积极的，主动的，活跃的damage n./v.损害，破坏重点短语for example 例如，举例be related to与相关refer to参考，涉及on the same latitude在同一纬度of all time有史以来pick up拾起；学到；接送put down镇压；写下；放下；贬低turn off 关闭on the 8th September 1900on average 一般说来，平均起来end up 以而结束drive back to ones home /drive back home 驱车回家e out 出版；宣称；结果是；开花，出现set fire to=set sth. on fire放火烧catch fire开始燃烧，着火manage to do sth.设法完成某事put out熄灭；出版，播出；伸出take place举行，发生return to ones home /return home /go back to ones home /go back home 回家according to依据，按照make a list of列出的清单fall down跌倒，摔倒；倒塌turn over移交；翻过e down下来；降低act out表演出来；表现出来from side to side从一边到另一边make a presentation of/on对做陈述功能交际Is it possible that there could be another earthquake there? They can destroy houses, but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was.On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.语法The past perfect passiveBy the time the tornado ended, more than 700 people had been killed.Indirect speech“Im still working because there is a lot to do.”He said that he was still working becausethere was a lot to do.【例1】This is the best thing that has ever _ me.A. happened to B. took place C. occurred D. cared about解析：考查动词辨析：happen to sb./sth.事情发生在身上；临到头上；take place（尤指经过计划或安排后）发生，举行；occur发生（正式用语，既可以指“突发性”，又可指“计划性”的发生）；e about 发生，产生（尤指不受控制地发生，常与how连用）；选项B、C、D均为不及物动词，其后不可接宾语。选项A，happen也为不及物动词，其后接宾语时，要借助介词to。答案：A名师点金：happen的用法happen （尤指意外）发生；happen to do sth.碰巧，凑巧做某事；I happened to meet an old friend in Wuhan when I was on business last month.上个月，当我出差去武汉的时候，我碰巧遇到了一位老朋友。happen to sb./sth.事情发生在身上；临到头上；A funny thing happened to me on my way home last night. 昨晚我在回家的路上遇到一件好笑的事。It happens that +从句，凑巧的是；It happens that on that very day I will attend a very important sales meeting. 恰巧就在这一天我会参加一个非常重要的销售会议。take place （尤指经过计划或安排后）发生，举行；The 16th Guangzhou Asian Games took place on November 12, xx while the 41st Shanghai World Expo was held on May 1st, xx.第16届广州亚运会在2010年11月12日举行，而第41届上海世博会在2010年5月1日举行。What has taken place here？ 这里发生什么事了？e about 发生，产生（尤指不受控制地发生，常与how连用）Its already 10 oclock. I wonder how it came about that she was two hours late on such a short trip.已经十点钟了。我想知道，这么短的路程，她迟到了两个小时，怎么会发生这样的事呢？occur 发生（正式用语，既可以指“突发性”，又可指“计划性”的发生）； it occurs to sb. that （主意或想法突然）浮现于脑中；It didnt occur to him that Mary would refuse his invitation.他没有想到玛丽会拒绝他的邀请。it occurs to sb. to do sth. 使某人突然想起做某事；I think it never occurs you to phone the police. 我想你压根儿就没想到给警方打电话吧。break out （不愉快之事）爆发，突然发生；Tom got married to Jane before the war broke out. 汤姆和简在战争爆发前就结婚了。注意：以上表示“发生”的词汇，均无被动语态；原文对照：What can happen to furniture when a house is destroyed by a tornado?考点搜索2：pick up的用法【例2】(xx山东)Sam _ some knowledge of the puter just by watching others working on it. A. brought up B. looked up C. picked up D. set up解析：本题目考查动词短语辨析：bring up抚养；look up查询，仰望；pick up学到，接送，拾起，好转，接收；set up建立，创立；竖起；句意：萨姆只是通过观看别人操作电脑便学到了一些电脑知识。依据句意理解，则只有pick up符合题意。答案：C名师点金：pick up的用法捡起，拾起Please pick those toys up and put them away. 请把那些玩具捡起来收好。The phone rang and I picked it up. 电话铃响了，我接起了电话。学会Where did you pick up your fluent English？你一口流利的英语是从哪里学会的？接，取Ill pick you up at the gate of the hotel tomorrow morning.明天早晨我在宾馆门口接你。改进The economy picked up slightly towards the end of the year. 将近年末的时候，经济情况有了些许好转。收听，记录I managed to pick up an American news broadcast.我设法收听到一家美国电台的新闻广播。停下来让搭车等They were picked up by a little car.他们被一辆小汽车接走了。常见与up相关的短语汇总：add up把加起来break up分解，破裂，解散bring up养育，抚养；提出cut up切碎，割碎cheer up高兴起来，call up打电话；使回想起dress up装扮，打扮；对加以修饰，美化hang up挂断电话，挂起get up起床，站起来hold up支撑；耽搁，推迟；stay up熬夜，不睡觉；put up建造；张贴；提供膳宿；give up放弃，腾出；自首，投降tear up撕碎，撕毁turn up调大；露面，出现；卷起，竖起use up用完，耗尽原文对照：Tornadoes can pick up cars, trains and even houses and put them down in the next street-or even in the next town.考点搜索3：take off的用法【例3】Her business has really _ because of her hard working. A. taken off B. cut off C. put off D.got off解析：考查动词短语辨析：take off起飞，成功，脱下；cut off切断，使隔绝；put off推迟，拖延；get off下车；句意：由于她的努力付出，她的生意很快发展起来了。依据句意理解，只有A选项符合题意。答案：A名师点金：take off的用法脱下（衣物等），去掉（某物）His safe arrival took a weight off my mind.他的安全到达，让我放心了。起飞Flight 1123 to London will take off in five minutes. 往伦敦的1123次班机将于五分钟后起飞。休假Shes taking Monday off to buy some presents for his sons birthday.她周一请假，去给儿子买一些生日礼物。成功I hear Gaudis business is really taking off.我听说高迪的生意真的开始兴隆起来了。原文对照：They can take the fur off the back of a cat and the feathers off a chicken.考点搜索4：manage的用法【例4】Your house is always so neat-how do you _ it with three children? (xx山东)A. manage B. serve C. adapt D. construct解析：考查动词辨析：manage意为“成功做某事”，相当于succeed in doing sth.；serve服务；adapt适应，改写；construct建设；句意：你的房子总是这么整洁有三个孩子，你是怎样做到这一点的？依据句意理解，选项A符合题意。答案：A名师点金：manage的用法manage to do sth.= succeed in doing sth.成功做某事；设法完成某事How did you manage to raise such a big family on such small ine? 你是如何设法用这么少的收入养活这么一个大家庭的。I can manage it myself. 我自己可以应付得来。-Could I help you carry the heavy box?-No, thanks. I can manage it myself.-我可以帮你搬这个重箱子吗？-不，谢谢您。我自己可以应付得来。try/manage比较：try to do sth. 尽力做某事manage to do sth.尽力做某事（暗含成功做某事之意）try doing sth.尝试着做某事Just try to stay calm whatever happens.不管发生什么事，你要尽力保持镇静。She tried talking about the matter with Steve, but couldnt make him change his mind. 她试着和史蒂夫谈这件事，但无法让他改变主意。原文对照：We managed to get half the population to another island.点金测评创新训练【基础巩固 全面训练】.单词拼写1. Many houses were washed away by the _. 2. She _ (经受) great hardships in those days.3. What_ (导致) him to change his mind?4. He bought all the books that were r_ to space technology.5. The _ (羽毛) of that kind of bird look very beautiful.6. The storm was a very _(猛烈的) one.7. They almost had no money to buy _ (家具) when they got married.8. He was a bit i_ in his pride when he heard the words.9. The man died and was b_ at sea.10. My new school is much bigger than my p_ one.短语翻译11. be related to_12. refer to_13. on the same latitude _14. of all time_15. pick up_16. put down_17. on the 8th September 1900_18. on average _19. end up _20. set fire to=set sth. on fire_21. 设法完成某事 _22. 熄灭；出版，播出；伸出_23. 举行，发生_24. 依据，按照_25. 列出的清单_26. 跌倒，摔倒；倒塌_27. 移交；翻过_28. 下来；降低_29. 表演出来；表现出来_30. 对做陈述_.单项选择31. Strong _ can be very dangerous for swimmers. A. flowsB. columnsC. floodsD. currents32. -I was amazed to find that you are an excellent cook.- I have experience_ cooking at an Italian restaurant.A. of B. in C. at D. on33. Tom failed again in the exam, _ made his parents very disappointed.A. itB. whichC. thatD. he34. I_ to be out when you called me this morning.A. seemed B. appeared C. happened D. thought35. I _ a few words of Greek when I was there last year. A. picked upB. ended up C. poured down D. came down36. A lot of_ passengers were sent to hospital immediately when the rescue team arrived.A. destroyed B. injured C. wounded D. damaged37. The drug did not_ his health. In fact, it seemed to have no_ at all.A. effect; effect B. effect; affect C. affect; effect D. affect; affect38. Hearing the news, he ran out of the room in a hurry, _ the door_.A. to leave; openingB. left; openedC. leaving; openedD.leaving; open39. The patient was warned_ oily food after the operation.A. to eat notB. eating notC. not to eatD. not eating40. The fire was finally_ after the building had_ for two hours.A. put off; caught fireB. put away; been on fireC. put out; been on fireD. put down; caught fire.选词填空refer to pick up take off on average end up with set fire to manage put out41. If you met the new words in the reading, you can _ the dictionary.42. The plane_ from the airport and headed northwards Shen Zheng.43. Rioters（暴乱分子）_ a whole row of stores.44. While working in the countryside, the students_ a great deal of knowledge on plant life.45. Four hundred people a year die of this disease _.46. When the fireman arrived, the fire had been _.47. Do you think you can _to get us some tickets?48. At the dinner, we started with soup and _ fruit.【综合应用 提高训练】.根据汉语意思完成句子1. 我们同意永不提及这件事。（refer to）_2. 我丈夫将开车去接你。（pick up）_3. 他平均每周大约赚五百元。（on average）_4. 昨天晚上到我回家时，我儿子已经睡着了。（by the time）_5. 据说那起车祸是在深夜发生的。（occur）_6. 棉花容易着火。（catch fire）_7. 每小时200公里的风和五米高的浪袭击了这个城市。_8. 他本周有可能到北京去吗？ (possibility)_.单句改错9. What happened him? _10. Traveling can be a way to gain life experiences, especially during Spring Break-a week long school vacation in the United States. _11. Rooms with few furnitures appear clean and bright. _12. In average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about deaths and 1500 injuries. _13. The worst tornado of all time occurred in 1925, affected three US states. _14. Have you seen the 10 metres high waves when at the sea? _15. Eight years late, when the canal was pleted, it became Americas first national waterway. _.完形填空A land free from destruction, plus wealth, natural resources, and labor supply-all these were important 16 in helping England to bee the center for the Industrial Revolution. 17 they were not enough. Something 18 was needed to start the industrial process. That something special was men- 19 individuals who could invent machines, find new 20 of power, and establish business organizations to reshape society. The men who 21 the machines of the Industrial Revolution 22 from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were 23 inventors than scientists. A man who is a 24 scientist is primarily interested in doing his research 25 .He is not necessarily working 26 that his findings can be used. An inventor or one interested in applied science is 27 trying to make something that has a concrete use. He may try to solve a problem by 28 the theories 29 science or by experimenting through trial and error. Regardless of his method, he is working to obtain a 30 result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of 31 other objectives. Most of the people who 32 the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors, not trained scientists. A few were both scientists and inventors. Even those who had 33 or no training in science might not have made their inventions 34 a groundwork had not been laid by scientists years 35 . 16.A.cases B .reasons C .factors D .situations 17.A.But B .And C .Besides D .Even 18.A.else B .near C .extra D .similar 19.A.generating B .effective C .motivating D .creative 20.A.origins B .sources C .bases D .discoveries 21.A.employed B .created C .operated D .controlled 22.A.came B .arrived C .stemmed D .appeared 23.A.less B .better C. more D .worse 24.A.genuine B .practical C .pure D .clever 25.A.happily B .occasionally C. reluctantly D .accurately 26.A.now B .and C .all D .so 27.A.seldom B .sometimes C .all D .never 28.A.planning B .using C .idea D .means 29.A.of B .with C .to D .as 30.A.single B .sole C. specialized D .specific 31.A.few B .those C .many D .all 32.A.proposed B .developed C .supplied D .offered 33.A.little B .much C .some D .any 34.A.as B .if C .because D .while 35.A.ago B .past C .ahead D .before .阅读理解AThe largest earthquake of the 20th century happened on May 22, 1960 off the coast of South Central Chile. It generated one of the most destructive Pacific-wide tsunamis. Near the generating area, both the earthquake and the tsunami were very much destructive, particularly in the coastal area from Concepcion to the south end of Isla Chiloe. The largest tsunami damage occurred at Isla Chiloe-the coastal area closest to the epicenter. Huge tsunami waves measuring as high as 25 meters arrived within 10 to 15 minutes after the earthquake, killing at least two hundred people, sinking all the boats, and flooding half a kilometer inland. There was large damage and loss of life at Concepcion, Chiles top industrial city. Near the city of Valdivia, the earthquake and following aftershocks generated landslides which killed 18 people. At the port city of Valparaiso, a city of 200,000, many buildings collapsed. A total of 130,000 houses were destroyed-one in every three in the earthquake zone and nearly 2,000,000 people were left homeless.Total damage losses, including to agriculture and to industry, were estimated to be over a half billion dollars. The total number of death related with both the tsunami and the earthquake was never found accurately for the region. Estimates of deaths reached between 490 to 5,7002 with no distinction(差别) as to how many deaths were caused by the earthquake and how many were caused by the tsunami. However, it is believed that most of the deaths in Chile were caused by the tsunami.36. Where did the largest tsunami damage occur? A. Concepcion B. Isla Chiloe C. Valdivia D. Valparaiso37. What can we learn about the tsunami waves generated by the earthquake? A. The tsunami waves as high as 25 meters arrived immediately after the earthquake. B. The tsunami waves killed 200 people and sank all boats. C. The tsunami waves were very destructive. D. The tsunami waves flooded half of the inland.38. What is generally thought the main cause of deaths in Chile? A. landslides B. the tsunami C. aftershocks D. the magnitude 9.5 earthquake39. What is the total number of deaths in the earthquake? A. 2,000,000 B. between 490 to 5,7002 C. 200,000 D. it was hard to know.40. What does the underlined word “collapsed” probably mean? A. was destroyed B. caught fire C. was flooded D. sankBBeijing -The Ministry of Agriculture assured on Friday of a good harvest for the whole year despite a drop in the summer grain output due to severe floods and droughts in the south and southwest of the country. The output of grain harvested this summer fell for the first time in seven years, hitting 123.1 million tons, which is 390,000 tons less than last year, according to the latest information from the National Bureau of Statistics. However, winter wheat, which accounts for more than 90 percent of the countrys total wheat output, hit 108.8 million tons this year, about 1 million tons more than last year, despite extreme weather conditions, like lower temperature this spring and heavy snow before summer, said Chen Mengshan, spokesman for the Ministry of Agriculture. The acreage planted with autumn grains, including corn, was higher than last year and crops were growing better so far this year than in xx, he added. Chen said the total wheat output in China, the worlds biggest wheat grower, is likely to hit 115 million tons this year, the seventh consecutive year to record an increase since 2003. The annual wheat consumption was about 105 million tons and this years wheat output can ensure sufficient supply, Chen told a press conference organized by the State Council Information Office. The recent floods and landslides triggered by torrential rain have damaged about 1.9 million hectares of farmland, of which 252,800 hectares faced total crop failure, between July 1 and July 13, Ministry of Civil Affairs statistics show. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, the total grain yield of Chinas three main crops - rice, wheat and corn - was 470.27 million tons in xx, only 17.29 percent of which came from the disaster-stricken areas. Early this year, a severe drought that hit five provinces in Southwest China had affected nearly 5.3 million hectares of arable land, about 86 percent of the countrys total affected, according to statistics from the State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters. The drought was the main reason for the drop in the summer grain output, which in Guizhou and Yunnan provinces was down 1.69 million tons, the National Bureau of Statistics said in a statement on its official website on Monday. China plans to guarantee its grain output this year, hitting at least 500 million tons and increasing farmers ines by 6 percent.41. Summarize the main idea of this news report._42. What are tree main crops in China?_43. What is the main reason for the drop in the summer grain output in the south and southwest of the country?_44. How many natural disasters are mentioned in this passage?_45. Translate the unde
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