2018秋高中英语 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero同步练习 新人教版必修1.doc

Unit 5 Nelson Mandelaa modern hero话题诵读 日积月累Nelson Mandela is one of the greatest people in the world.For many reasons he is a huge hero.He is a person all of us can learn many lessons from.He has seen almost everything in his life，from being treated badly to being president of the country he loves.He retired in 1999 but continues to travel the world helping people.Nelson was born in 1918 in South Africa.He first became a lawyer.This led to his involvement in the African National Congress(ANC)，which he later became the leader of.The South African government did its best to keep Mandela from spreading his message of equality for blacks.It put him in prison for 27 years.He became famous around the world.Mandela was released from prison in 1990.His neverending hope won him the hearts of millions.He received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993.A year later，he was elected to be his countrys first ever black president.He died on December 5th，2013 at the age of 95.By the time of his death，Mandela had e to be widely considered both “the father of the nation，” and “the founding father of democracy” within in South Africa.词海拾贝1involvement n卷入；牵连；参与2equality n平等，相等3release vt.释放；让与；准予发表；发射4elect vt.选举；选择5lead to导致问题思考1Why is Nelson Mandela regarded as one of the greatest people in the world?_答案：He devotes his whole life to helping black people enjoy equal rights.He travels around the world helping people.2What does the passage mainly talk about?_答案：Brief introduction to Nelson Mandela.自主预习 步步提高词汇识记.将单词与其正确释义配对1meanA法律的；依照法律的2selfish B投票；选举3lawyer C暴力；暴行4legal D联盟；同盟5fee E律师6league F学费；会费；酬金7violence G不公正的；不公平的8vote H乐意的；自愿的9willing I自私的10unfair J吝啬的；卑鄙的答案：1.J2.I3.E4.A5.F6.D7.C8.B9.H10.G.根据所给汉语提示写出单词1_n品质；质量；性质2_adj.吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的3_adj.积极的；活跃的4_adj.慷慨的；大方的5_n自我；自身_adj.自私的_adj.无私的；忘我的_adv.无私地；忘我地6_vt.献身；专心于_adj.忠实的；深爱的7_n法则；原则；原理8_adj.和平的；平静的；安宁的_n和平9_adj.法律的；依照法律的_adj.非法的10_n舞台；阶段；时期11_vt.&vi.投票；选举n投票；选票；表决12_vt.进攻；抨击；攻击13_n暴力；暴行_adj.暴力的；猛烈的14_adj.相等的；平等的15_adj.乐意的；自愿的答案：1.quality2.mean3.active4.generous5.selfselfishselflessselflessly6.devotedevoted7principle8.peacefulpeace9.legalillegal10stage11.vote12.attack13.violenceviolent14equal15.willing.根据汉语提示写出正确的单词1Everyone can greatly improve the_(质量)of life.2panies need to take_(积极的)steps to increase exports.3He is a_(慷慨的)man，who often helps others.4He decided to_(献身)the rest of his life to scientific research.5The animals look_(平静的)and happy.6Here is a good reason to be_(有希望的) about the future.7If you dont like it，dont _(投票)for him.8Three people were injured in the_(攻击)9We are_(平等的)in every way.10Im perfectly_(愿意)to discuss the problem.答案：1.quality2.active3.generous4.devote5peaceful6.hopeful7.vote8.attack9equal10.willing.选词填空(注意形式的变化)lose heart；in ones opinion；e to power；set up；be sentenced to；be willing to；out of work；as a matter of fact；in trouble；turn to1I thought you wouldnt mind.Well，_，I dont，but you should have asked me first.2If you cant pay the bill，youre going to be_3In this city，nearly one third of the population is_ and they have nothing to do every day.4With no one to_ in her difficult times，my mother felt bad.5The pany_ provide us with what we needed.6He_ his own business after he graduated from university.7They didnt_though they suffered so many failures.8Its a terrible shame，_，that the building was knocked down.9She married a young man who was once a thief and_ prison for two years.10After the new president_，he made a wonderful speech.答案：1.as a matter of fact2.in trouble3.out of work4.turn to5.is willing to6.set up7.lose heart8in my opinion9.was sentenced to10.came to power语篇理解.Skimming for the main information 1.Match the main idea of each paragraph.Paras.1，2_ AThe change of Elias life after he met Nelson Mandela and what Mandela did.Paras.35_ BThe life of Elias before meeting Nelson Mandela.答案：1.Paras.1，2BParas.35A2What does the passage mainly tell us?A. A black man named Elias and his hard life in South Africa.BMr Mandelas lifelong struggle for the black peoples rights.CElias description of his contact with Mr Mandela.DThe deep friendship between Elias and Mr Mandela.答案：C.Scanning for detailed information1Why did Elias have to leave school?AHe didnt have a passbook.BHis home was far from the school.CHis family couldnt afford the school fees.DHe couldnt read or write.2Nelson Mandela opened a black law firm in order to_Amake moneyBhelp the poor black people with their problemsCmake himself famousDstudy law3How did Nelson Mandela help Elias keep his job?AHe talked with Elias boss.BHe helped him get the correct papers.CHe lent him some money.DHe asked him to go to court.4Why did Elias help Nelson Mandela blow up some government buildings?AHe liked violence.BIt was not dangerous.CIt was a way to make black and white people equal.DHe wanted to be famous.5What dream did Nelson Mandela have?ATo bee the president of South Africa. BTo win the Nobel Peace Prize.CTo make black and white people equal.DTo blow up some government building.答案：1.C2.B3.B4.C5.C.Intensive reading to finish the passageEllas is a poor 1._worker in South Africa.He began school at six years old and 2._ school two years later because his family couldnt afford the school 3._and the bus fare.After trying hard，he got a job in a 4._ mine.At that time because he didnt have a 5._ to live in Johannesburg，he would probably bee out of 6._He first met Mandela at twelve years old，in the year 1952，when Mandela was a black 7._.Mandela helped poor black people to solve their 8._matters.Mandela told Elias how to get the correct papers so he could stay in Johannesburg.Elias joined the ANC Youth League 9._by Mandela to realize their dream of making black and white people 10._答案：1.black2.left3.fees4.gold5.passbook6work7.lawyer8.legal9.organized10.equal阅读素养提升1Do you think its fair to treat other people badly only because they are black?_答案：No，I think all of us human beings are born equal.2What good qualities can you learn from Nelson Mandela?_答案：Selfless，determined，hardworking，brave，easygoing，kind.精读难句透析1However，this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.分析：本句是主从复合句。_是先行词，_引导的是定语从句且在从句中作状语。译文：_答案：a timewhen译文：然而，那时要有所需证件才能住在约翰内斯堡。2Sadly I did not have one because I was not born there，and I worried about whether I would bee out of work.分析：本句是并列句。_连接了两个并列分句，在第一个分句中，_引导的是原因状语从句。在第二个分句中，_引导的是宾语从句。译文：_答案：andbecausewhether译文：遗憾的是我没有这个证件，因为我不是在那里出生的，我很担心我是否会失业。3But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.分析：本句是主从复合句。_是主句。_引导的是原因状语从句，_是省略了连词that的宾语从句。译文：_答案：But I was happy to helpbecauseit would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal译文：但是我乐于帮忙，因为我知道这将帮助我们实现黑人和白人平等的梦想。知识聚焦 讲练互动要点直击1mean adj.吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的；刻薄的v意思是；意欲，打算；意味着 归纳拓展(1)be mean to sb对某人吝啬/自私/卑鄙be mean with/about sth对很吝啬(2)mean vt.意指，意味着，意思是(1)Shes always been _ with money.她在花钱方面总是非常吝啬。(2)Dont _ so _ your little brother!别对你弟弟那么刻薄！(3)She _ a nurse.她根本就不是当护士的料。答案：(1)mean(2)bemean to(3)was never meant for 即学即练单句语法填空。(1)Missing the train means_(wait) for an hour.(2)Please by all_(mean) hand in the report on time.(3)I meant_(e)，but a friend went to visit me.(4)He is mean_ all the people around him.答案：(1)waiting(2)means(3)to e(4)to2A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.伟人是把自己的一生致力于帮助别人的人。 归纳拓展devote vt.献身于；专心于devote time(money，energy，etc.)to(doing) sth 把时间(钱、精力等)献给(做)某事devote oneself to(doing sth)be devoted to献身于；致力于devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的devotion n奉献；关爱(1)Neighbours devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild.邻居们利用他们的业余时间帮助他人重建。(2)You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted to your work.除非你完全投入到你的工作中，否则你就永远不会取得成功。(3)Mothers devotion to children can hardly be calculated.母亲对孩子的关爱无法估量 即学即练单句语法填空。(1)_(devote) to caring for the poor，Mother Teresa is greatly respected throughout the world.(2)He devoted all the money he had to_(set) up a house.(3)Her devotion_ the job left her with little time.(4)She devoted_(she) to helping the poor.答案：(1)Devoted(2)setting(3)to(4)herself3It was a prison from which no one escaped.这是一座任何人都无法逃出的监狱。 归纳拓展escape vi.& vt.逃脱；逃走；避开；泄露；被忘掉n逃跑；逃脱escape from从逃脱；逃跑escapen./doing sth 避开(做)某事escape death 死里逃生a narrow escape九死一生(1)It was a prison from which no one escaped.那是一座任何人都逃不出去的监狱。(2)She managed to escape from the burning car.她设法从燃烧的汽车中逃了出来。(3)He had a narrow escape in the big fire.他在大火中死里逃生。 即学即练单句语法填空。(1)You shouldnt escape_(do) the work.(2)Time is something_ which we cant escape.答案：(1)doing(2)from4But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.但是，我乐于帮忙，因为我知道，这将有助于实现我们黑人和白人平等的梦想。 归纳拓展equal adj.平等的；相等的v等于；比得上，敌得过n同等的人；相等物be equal to胜任；相等equal sb in sth 在某方面与某人匹敌be without equal/have no equal无与伦比；无敌equally adv.平等地；同样地equality n平等；相等(1)The two rooms are of _ size.这两个房间大小一样。(2)Nobody can _ him _ strength.没有人能比得上他的力气。(3)His paintings _ in the western world.他的画在西方世界无与伦比。答案：(1)equal(2)equalin(3)are without equal 即学即练句型转换。(1)She is not fit for the job.She is not_ the job.(2)Three plus two equals five.Three plus two_ five.(3)No one can match him in dancing.No one can_ him_ dancing.单句语法填空。(4)I like it_(equal) with you.(5)In order to pete with others，the restaurant should improve the_(equal)of its service.(6)Bill is quite equal_running the office.(7)Tom is equal John_ the ability of dealing with such cases.答案：(1)equal to(2)is equal to(3)equalin(4)equally(5)equality(6)to(7)in5They said that the job and the pay from the new South African government were my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks.他们说，从南非新政府得到的这份工作和报酬是我毕生为争取黑人的平等权利而斗争所得到的回报。 归纳拓展reward n报酬；奖金vt.酬劳；奖赏in reward(for)in return (for)作为(对的)报答reward sb with.for(doing)sth为(做)某事而以报答某人(1)She got nothing in reward for her kindness.她的好心没有得到一点回报。(2)The authors mother rewarded him with books.作者的母亲用书来奖赏他。(3)She was highly rewarded for her efforts.由于她的努力，她收到了很高的回报。 易混辨析reward/award/prizereward报答；报酬；奖赏，表示由于做了某事而应该得到的东西award奖项；奖品，指正式的或官方颁发、授予；也可以指法庭裁决给予prize奖赏；奖金；奖品，尤指在比赛中获得的荣誉 即学即练用reward，award，prize填空。(1)A(n)_ was given to the person who had the winning number.(2)Is that how you_ me for my help?(3)The Olympic winner received a gold medal as a(n)_(4)She offered a(n)_of $500 for the return of the lost necklace.单句改错。(5)They rewarded the winners gifts of fruits and flowers._答案：(1)prize(2)reward(3)award(4)reward(5)winners后加with6Sadly I did not have one because I was not born there，and I worried about whether I would bee out of work.糟糕的是我没有身份证，因为我不是在那里出生的，因而我担心是否会失业。 归纳拓展out of work失业out of a job失业out of breath上气不接下气out of order出故障out of control失控out of danger脱离危险(1)Work hard，or you will be _好好干，不然你会失业的。(2)The machine was _这台机器出了故障。答案：(1)out of work(2)out of order 即学即练完成句子。(1)It was the third time that he_ that year.这是他那一年第三次失业了。用out of的短语填空。(2)The car went_ and knocked into the side of a bus.(3)Hes still in hospital but_(4)The mile run left Bill_(5)My clock was_and waked me up at 3：00 this morning.答案：(1)had been out of work(2)out of control(3)out of danger(4)out of breath(5)out of order7Why did Nelson Mandela turn to violence to make black and white people equal?为什么纳尔逊曼德拉会使用暴力来使黑人和白人平等？ 归纳拓展turn to求助于；致力于；转向；翻至(某一页)turn around/round转过去；转身turn down拒绝；把调低turn in上交turn off关闭turn on打开turn over翻过来；移交turn out生产；制造；结果是turn up调高；出现(1)The child _ his mother for fort.那个孩子向他的母亲寻求安慰。(2)I_invitations to go out for breakfastthat would require getting up too early on weekend mornings.我拒绝了外出吃早饭的邀请，因为那样的话，周末要起得很早。(3)The job _ harder than we thought.这份工作结果比我们想的要难。答案：(1)turned to(2)turned down(3)turned out(to be) 即学即练用turn短语的适当形式填空。(1)You can_ your teacher for help if you are in trouble.(2)Those who want to go are to_ their applications before Friday.(3)Dont worry.All will_ right.(4)The boy wanted to join the army but_because he was under age.(5)He promised to e，but hasnt_ by now.一句多译。阅读中遇到生词时，不要老是查词典。(6)You should not always_the dictionary when you meet new words in reading.You should not always_in the dictionary when you meet new words in reading.答案：(1)turn to(2)turn in(3)turn out(4)was turned down(5)turned up(6)turn/refer tolook them up8The scientist from whom.never lost heart when he was in trouble.的科学家当陷入麻烦时不灰心。 归纳拓展lose heart丧失勇气或信心；泄气lose ones heart to爱上；倾心于learn sth by heart背诵；牢记put ones heart into专心于break sbs heart使某人很伤心heart and soul全心全意；完全地(1)Dont _ when in face of difficulty，for a way out will e up.面对困难时不要泄气，总能想出解决的办法。(2)She _ the soldier.她爱上了那位战士。(3)You should learn English _你应该用心学习英语。答案：(1)lose heart(2)lost her heart to(3)by heart 即学即练用适当的介、副词填空。(1)Youd better put your heart_ your studies.(2)Whatever we do，we should do it_heart.单句改错。(3)My parents often tell me never lose heart when I face difficulty._答案：(1)into(2)by(3)lose前加to9I did not work again for twenty years until Mr Mandela and the ANC came to power in 1994.在曼德拉和非国大于1994年掌权之前，我有20年没有再工作了。 归纳拓展e to powere into power当权；上台(表示动作)be in power当权(表示状态)lose power下台；失去权利be beyond ones power to do sth某人无权(无能力)做某事(1)The government_ in 2012.That is，it_ for more than six years.本届政府2012年上台，也就是说，已经执政6年多了。(2)Its _ to understand how the puter works.我不懂电脑运行原理。答案：(1)came to powerhas been in power(2)beyond my power 即学即练单句语法填空。(1)He has been_ power for fifty years.单句改错。(2)He promised that once he came in power，he would set out to improve the living conditions._答案：(1)in(2)ininto/to101952 set up law office to help poor black people in Johannesburg.1952年(他)成立律师事务所来帮助约翰内斯堡的贫穷黑人 归纳拓展set up设立；建立set down写下；记下set about开始做，着手set aside把放在一边；省出；留出set off出发；动身；使爆炸；引起；激发set out出发；动身；摆放；陈列；开始；着手注：set about doing sthset out to do sth开始着手做某事(about为介词，而out为副词)(1)A fund will _ for the dead mens families.将为死者家属设立一项基金。(2)I must _ my packing.我必须开始收拾行李了。(3)She _ a bit of money every month.她每个月都存一点儿钱。答案：(1)be set up(2)set about(3)sets aside 即学即练用适当的介、副词填空。(1)They will set_ for Paris next week.(2)Once I realized what was wrong，I set_ correcting it.(3)Having made the plan，she set_ to carry it out.(4)You had better set your idea_before you forget it.单句改错。(5)My dream is set up a school for young children._答案：(1)off(2)about(3)out(4)down(5)is后加to11The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。句式分析(1)该句是一个无生命的名词作主语的句式，在理解这类句子时一定要正确把握英汉两种语言的不同表达习惯。这类句子的谓语动词常用see，find，witness，observe等，意为“发生，见证；经历”；这种句式能达到一种使句子更加生动的修辞效果。(2)where we have almost no rights at all是定语从句，修饰先行词stage。当先行词为stage，case，situation，position，activity，work等抽象地点名词，且定语从句中缺少状语时，用where引导定语从句。(1)_ a little girl crying in the street.黄昏时分一个小女孩在街上哭。(2)_ the founding of the Peoples Republic of China.1949年中华人民共和国成立了。(3)_ the death of his mother.第二年他的母亲去世了。(4)At that time we had reached _ we had more black readers than white ones.那时候我们已到了黑人读者比白人读者还要多的阶段。答案：(1)The dusk found(2)The year 1949 witnessed(3)The following year saw(4)a stage where 即学即练句型转换。(1)Great changes have taken place in the city of Beijing since 1982.The city of Beijing _since 1982.用适当的关系词填空。(2)Sales director is a position_munication ability is just as important as sales.(3)The CEO of the pany is a job _/_ _ many abilities are required to deal with all types of problems.答案：(1)has seen great changes(2)where(3)where/in which12.only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。句式分析在英语句子中，为了表示强调，把“only状语(副词/介词短语/从句)”置于句首，主句要用部分倒装形式，即把主句中的助动词、情态动词或系动词提到主语前面。该句的正常语序是：.we decided to answer violence with violence only then.(1)Only yesterday _ him the truth，which was a big surprise.昨天他父亲才把真相告诉他，这对他真是一个令人吃惊的消息。(2)Only by shouting _ able to make people on the other side of the river hear him.他只有靠大声叫喊才能使河对岸的人们听到他的声音。答案：(1)did his father tell(2)was he名师点津：若only修饰主语，即使在句首也不倒装。 即学即练句型转换。(1)She realized she was wrong only at that time.Only at that time_she was wrong.完成句子。(2)Only_the work in an hour.只有她能在一小时内完成这项工作。答案：(1)did she realize(2)she can finish13I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.第一次与一群人说话时我感到不舒服。 归纳拓展(1)本句含有一个由the first time引导的时间状语从句。the first time用作连词引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次时”，而for the first time是介词短语，意为“第一次”，在句子中作状语。(2)引导时间状语从句的短语或词还有every time，each time，the last time，the moment，the minute，immediately，directly，instantly等，它们起从属连词的作用。(1)_ I saw Suzy Khan，I knew I had to help her.第一次见到韩秀智，我就知道我必须帮她。(2)He started _ he heard the report.他一听到报告就动身了。(3)He paid back the money he owed us _ he returned home.他一回到家就把欠我们的钱还上了。答案：(1)The first time(2)the instant(3)immediately 即学即练选词填空(the first time，for the first time)。(1)She fell in love with the young man when she saw him _(2)This is _ that we have seen a film in the cinema together as a fami