2019-2020年外研版高中英语选修7《Module 3 Literature》（Section 2）word教案.doc

2019-2020年外研版高中英语选修7Module 3 Literature（Section 2）word教案1. The bowls never needed washing, as the boys cleaned them with their spoons, trying to eat every bit of soup.粥碗从来用不着洗，孩子们费用汤匙把碗刮得重又明光正亮了才放手，试图吃掉每一点粥。一、 need washing=need to be washed“need”既可以作情态动词，也可以作实义动词，但是它们的用法不同。1)作为情态动词的“need”的用法与其他情态动词“can”，“may”，“must”的用法基本相同：在限定动词词组中总是位居第一，没有非限定形式，即没有不定式、-ing分词或-ed分词等形式；第三人称单数现在时没有词形变化；情态动词之间是相互排斥的，即在一个限定动词词组中只能有一个情态动词。下面是“need”作为情态动词的用法： a. need表示“需要”或“必须”，通常用于否定句和疑问句。例如： You neednt do it again你不需要再做了。 He neednt worry about it这件事他无需担心。 Need he do this homework first？他需要先做这些作业吗？ Need they fill in the form？他们需要填表吗？ b.在否定句中，可以用need的否定形式不定式完成体。例如： We neednt have worried其实我们不必要慌。 You neednt have mentioned it你本来不必提起这件事。 You neednt have said that when he asked当他问的时候，你其实不必要说。 c. neednt后的不定式间或也能用进行式或被动语态。例如：He neednt be standing in the rain他不必要站在雨中。 We neednt be waiting in this place我们不必要在这儿等。 The hedges neednt be trimmed this week本周树蓠不必要整修。 2)“need”作为实义动词时，通常用法是： 人need to do物need doing 物need to be done 另外，“need”后还可以直接跟名词。请看下面的例子： We need to collect the parcel before we leave for England去英国之前，我们需要收拾好行李。 We need to tell him the truth我们需要告诉他真相。 My car needs repairing我的汽车需要修理。 The flowers need watering这些花需要浇水。 His leather shoes needs to be mended他的皮鞋需要修补。 Her room needs cleaning她的房间需要打扫。 It is a question that needs very careful consideration这是一个需要慎重考虑的问题。 I need a watch我需要一块手表。二、as 还可以引导其他从句。例如：1)引导时间状语从句： He noticed someone nodding to him as he got off the bus. 下车时，他注意到有人冲他点头。2)引导方式状语从句： He told them to watch carefully and do as he did. 他要他们仔细观察并照着他做。3)让步状语从句： Old as he is, he works as energetically as young people.他虽然上了年纪，干起活来却跟年轻人的劲头一样大。4)引导定语从句： As is announced in todays paper, he is to visit China next Monday.今天报纸有报道，他下周一将访问中国。2. Oliver Twist and his panions slowly starved for three months until finally, they became quite wild with hunger. 三个月以来，奥利弗 特威斯特和同伴们一起忍受着慢性饥饿的煎熬，到后来饿得快疯了。with表原因,理由,“为.,因.,”表此用法时多半与表情绪的词连用。John was in bed with high fever. 约翰因发烧卧床。 He jumped up with joy. 他因高兴跳起来。 Father is often excited with wine. 父亲常因白酒变的兴奋。3.There was one boy who was tall for his age, and was not used to being hungry all the time, as his father had kept a small cook shop. 其中有个男孩，个子较同龄人高，而且不习惯总这么挨饿，因为他父亲开过一家小饭铺。1) used to 和be used to 的区别a. used to + do：“过去常常”表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在。Mother used not to be so forgetful.Scarf used to take a walk. (过去常常散步)b. be used to + doing： 对已感到习惯，或“习惯于”，to是介词，后需加名词或动名词。He is used to a vegetarian diet.Scarf is used to taking a walk. (现在习惯于散步)Are you used to the dry weather there? 你们习惯那里的干燥的气候么？Shes been used to driving to work every day. 她已经习惯了每天开车去上班。2) would和 used toa. would与used to都可用来表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作，常常可以换用。如：When we were boys we used to/would go swimming every summer. 小时候，每到夏天我们都要去游泳。He used to/would spend every penny he earned on books过去，他通常把挣来的钱全花在买书上。would与used to都不能用来表示动作发生的具体频度或具体的一段时间。例如，不能说：I would/used to go to France six timesHe used to live in Africa for twenty years上两句应改成：I went to France six times 我去过法国6次。He lived in Africa for twenty years. 他在非洲住过20年。b. would与used to的区别主要有以下几点： used to可指过去的状态或情况，would则不能。如：School children used to know the story of how Abraham Lincoln walked five miles to return a penny hed overcharged a customer（不能用would）过去，学校的孩子们都知道亚伯拉罕林肯怎样步行5英里退还多收顾客1便士的故事。Yet，he cannot but remember China as it used to be然而，他不会不记得旧日的中国（不能用would）。 would表示反复发生的动作。如果某一动作没有反复性，就不能用 would，只能用 used to。例如：And from that day on, as soon as the table was cleared and the dishes were gone. Mother would disappear into her sewing room to practice.从那天起，只要碗盘撤掉、饭桌一清理干净，妈妈就马上躲进做针线活的房间练习起来。（具有反复性）I used to live in Beijing我过去住在北京。（没有反复性） used to表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作或状态现在已经结束，would则表示有可能再发生。如：People used to believe that the earth was flat过去，人们总以为地球是扁平的。（现在已不再这样认为）He would go to the park as soon as he was free过去，他一有空就去公园。（现在有可能再去）注意：used to的否定式和疑问句:过去我不喜欢歌剧。I used not to like opera. /I usednt to like opera. /I didnt use to like opera过去你喜欢歌剧吗？Used you to like opera? /Did you use to like opera？Didnt you use to like opera? 你过去不喜欢歌剧吗？You used to like opera, didnt you? 你过去喜欢歌剧，是吗？There used to be a church here, usednt there? 过去这里有座教堂，是不是？