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Unit 3 A healty life话题诵读 日积月累导语每天笑15分钟可以使你的心脏更健康。美国科学家的两项最新研究结果显示，笑能使人精神愉悦，同时还对心脏大有好处；相反，心情沮丧则不利于身体健康，甚至会增加早死的危险。Laughter is good for the heart because it prolongs life while depression increases the risk of an early death，according to two new studies.A good deal of laughter every day provides similar cardiovascular benefits as exercise because it stimulates the blood flow，said Michael Miller，who headed one research team at the University of Maryland.On the other hand，depression or the lack of laughter is often linked to unhealthy habits such as smoking and drug addiction and increases the risk of death by 44 percent，said Wein Jiang，who led a study of 1，000 heart patients for the University of North Carolina.While laughter should not replace exercise，he said，“We do remend that you try to laugh on a regular basis.Thirty minutes of exercise three times a week，and 15 minutes of laughter on a daily basis is probably good for the vascular system”词海拾贝1prolong vt.延长，拉长，拖延，延期2cardiovascular adj.心血管的3stimulate vt.刺激，激励，使兴奋vi.起兴奋作用，起刺激作用4vascular system血管系统；维管系问题思考1What effect does laughter have on the heart?_2Can laughter replace exercise?_答案：1.It can stimulate the blood flow，which does good to the heart.2No，it cant.自主预习 步步提高词汇识记.将单词与其正确释义连线1alcoholA青少年2adolescent B困难的；强硬的3tough C无意识的；自动的4withdrawal D酒；酒精5automatic E收回；撤退6abnormal F尴尬的7chemist G药剂师；化学家8survival H幸存9prejudice I畸形的；异常的10embarrassed J偏见；成见答案：1D2A3B4E5C6I7G8H9J10F.根据所给汉语提示写出单词1_ n香烟2_ n压力；重音；使紧张；加压于3_ adj.精神的；智力的4_ adj.气喘吁吁的5_ vt. & vi.加强；巩固；变强答案：1.cigarette2.stress3.mental4.breathless5.strengthen.根据英语释义写出单词1_：when a sum of money must be paid immediately or expected or arranged2_：a change that sb/sth causes in sb/sth else；a result3_：to make bad or wrong use of or unfair，cruel or violent treatment of sb4_：in the habit of or be adapted to5_：unable to stop taking harmful drugs, or using or doing sth as a habit6_：to forbid7_：feeling embarrassed and guilty because of sth you have done8_：to leave a job, school etc, especially without finishing it pletely答案：1.due2.effect3.abuse4.accustomed5.addicted6.ban7.ashamed8.quit.选用短语的正确形式完成句子due to；be addicted to；bee accustomed to；decide on；have a bad effect on；feel like1His failure was largely _ inexperience.2Has Mary _ a date for the wedding?3I _ the film C J7.4I dont _ doing my homework now.5She has _ living in the mountain village.答案：1.due to2.decided on 3.was addicted to4.feel like5.bee accustomed to.领会句子所用句型并译成汉语1It_seems_amazing_that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon._2As_you_know，if you do the same thing over and over again，you begin to do it automatically._3But I_did finally manage._4Neither_did_I know that my cigarette smoke could affect the health of nonsmokers._5When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit，I knew it_was_time_to_quit smoking._6Every_time you feel like smoking a cigarette，remind yourself that you are a nonsmoker._答案：1.感到惊奇吧，像我这样的年纪，身体健康而且能在一个下午骑车跑20千米。2正如你所知道的，如果你反复做同一件事，你就会不自觉地做它。3但是最后我的确是成功了。4我也不知道我吸烟竟然会影响到那些不吸烟者的健康。5当因为我不再适合踢球而被学校足球队开除以后，我意识到自己是时候戒烟了。6每当你想要吸烟的时候，你就提醒你自己，你(已经)是不抽烟的人了。语篇理解课文表层理解.判断正(T)误(F)1James grandad knew much about the harmful effects of smoking when he was young.()2If you can break the habit, you can stop smoking.()3To stop smoking, you should choose a day that you know is going to be stressful.()4No matter how many times you have tried, just keep trying.()5Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a nonsmoker.()答案：1.F2.T3.F4.T5.T.读课文回答问题1List the ways people bee addicted to cigarettes according to the passage.(no more than 10 words)_2In what ways is smoking harmful? (no more than 3 words)_3What do we know from the first sentence of the letter? (no more than 7 words)_4In what way did the old man try to persuade his grandson to give up smoking? (no more than 3 words)_5List the suggestions on how to quit smoking that James grandpa found on the Internet.(no more than 18 words)_答案：1.Physically addicted to nicotine.Addicted through habit.Mentally addicted.2.Mentally and physically.3.James grandpa lives a healthy life.4.His own experience.5.Prepare yourself.Be determined.Break the habit.Relax.Get help if you need it.Keep trying.阅读P18的Reading部分，完成下列表格Advice from GrandadInformation from the reading passageDifferent ways people can bee addicted to cigarettes1._ addicted to nicotine Addicted through 2._3._ addictedHarmful physical effects for smokersDo terrible 4._ to heart and lungsHave difficulty in being 5._6._ quicklyEffects that a persons smoking can have on other peopleOther people dislike the 7._8._ the health of the nonsmokersEffects that smoking can have on sporting performance Be unable to enjoy 9._ConclusionIts time to 10._ smoking.答案：1.Physically2.habit3.Mentally4.damage5.pregnant6.Breathless7.smell8.Affect9.sport10.quit课文深层理解.读课文匹配段落大意1Para.1AHe wanted to make it believable to quit smoking by mentioning his own experience of smoking.2Para.2 BPrepare yourself, be determined, break the habit, relax, get help if you need it and keep trying.3Para.3 CA long and active life must be due to the healthy life a person lives.4Para.4 DBecause he knows his grandson started smoking and found it difficult to give it up.He wanted to give him some advice on how to quit smoking.答案：1.C2.D3.A4.B.阅读P18教材原文，选择最佳答案1Why did James grandfather write to James?ABecause he wanted to tell James his experience.BBecause he wanted to tell James the harmful effects of smoking.CBecause he wanted to help James give up smoking.DBecause he wanted to help James get some information.2From Para.3 we can learn that_Aa person can be addicted to nicotine because it is one of the chemicals in cigarettesBa person will be addicted to smoking if he treats it as a habitCa person will feel sick if his body gets used to having nicotineDa person will really feel relaxed when having a cigarette3Smoking can do terrible damage to ones life EXCEPT _Aheart diseaseBlung diseaseCnot being pregnantDgetting along well with others4In what way did the old man try to persuade his grandson to give up smoking?AUsing scientific theory.BHis failure in love.CHis sports activity. DHis own experience.5The following statements are true EXCEPT_AJames grandfather was tired when returning from a long bike rideBthere are three ways a person can bee addicted to smokingCkeeping your hands busy will help stop smokingDsome people have to try several times before quitting smoking答案：1.C2.B3.D4.D5.A知识聚焦 讲练互动要点直击1ban vt.禁止；取缔 n禁令；谴责(教材原句P17)Do you think smoking should be banned?你认为应该禁止吸烟吗？The students here are banned from bringing cell phones back to school.这儿的学生不允许带手机回校。There is a ban on offering plastic bags for free in supermarkets.禁止超市无偿提供塑料袋。 归纳拓展ban (doing) sth禁止(做)某事ban sb from doing sth禁止某人做某事a ban on/against sth对的禁令place/put.under a ban禁止lift the ban on/against sth解除对的禁令 易混辨析ban/forbid/prohibit词语辨析典型例句ban语气较重，指权威机关“正式禁止”，含严厉谴责之意，只能用事物作宾语Ban atomic and nuclear weapons！禁止原子武器和核武器！forbid常用词，指“禁止某人做某事”Their father forbade them to go.他们的父亲不许他们去。prohibit指通过法律或政府法令禁止Smoking is prohibited in the office building.办公楼内禁止吸烟。 即学即练单句语法填空。There is a ban _ talking loudly since the new manager came here.He was banned _ entering the room unless permitted.完成句子。People _ in many public places in England.在英国许多公共场所禁止吸烟。_ motorcycles caused great dispute in our city.禁止摩托车在我们这个城市引起很大的争论。答案：on/againstfromare banned from smokingA ban on2It seems.that.看上去；似乎(教材原句P18)It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.感到惊奇吧，像我这样的年纪，身体健康而且能在一个下午骑车跑20千米。句式分析本句是“it seems/seemedadj.that从句”句型，其中it作形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。It seems curious that hunger makes us extra sensitive to foods that are fattening.看起来奇怪的是，饥饿使我们对能引起发胖的食物格外敏感。 归纳拓展it作形式主语的常用句型：It is/was形容词从句It seems/appears从句It is a pity/fact/wonder从句It takes sb some time to do sth.It is/was形容词/名词(for/of sb)to do sth.It is no use/good doing sth. 即学即练单句语法填空。Its said _ 50 people died in the accident._ happened that I met him in the street.单句改错。He is reported that he got seven gold medals._完成句子。_ (似乎) there is no way out of our difficulty._ (真遗憾) you missed the exciting concert._ (据报道) 16 students were rewarded for their bravery behaviour at the meeting.答案：thatItHeItIt seems thatIts a pity thatIt is reported that3due to由于；因为；归功于(教材原句P18)I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live. 我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我的健康生活。 归纳拓展due adj. 欠款的；预定的；到期的be due to sb 应支付给某人，归功于某人be due to do sth预定做某事注意：due to可作表语或状语，作状语时，往往不置于句首。联想：表示“由于；因为”的介词短语还有owing to，thanks to，as a result of，on account of，because of等。拓展：due adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的Have they been paid the money due to them?他们是否已得到了应得的钱？Our train is due in Paris at noon.我们的火车预计于中午到达巴黎。This note will fall due.这张票据要到期了。 即学即练单句语法填空。Our happy childhood is due _ our fathers hard work.单句改错。It was a mistake due for carelessness._完成句子。Their plane _ in 15 minutes.他们的飞机预定在15分钟后到达。Im _ soon.不久就该给我加工资了。Have they been paid the money (that is) _？他们应得到的钱付给他们了吗？答案：tofortois due to arrivedue for a pay risedue to them4addicted to对有瘾(教材原句P18)You see，during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes.你知道，当我还是一个十几岁的孩子的时候，我也吸过烟，而且还上了瘾。句式分析addicted to中to为介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词。These kids bee addicted to puter games.这些孩子沉迷于电脑游戏。Dont be addicted to drinking every day.不要每天沉溺于饮酒。 归纳拓展addict vt.使沉溺；使上瘾addict oneself to沉溺于；醉心于be addicted to对有瘾be addicted to doing sth专心于addiction n沉溺；瘾addictive adj.使人上瘾的；沉迷的 即学即练单句语法填空。He addicted himself _ playing the violin and didnt notice a thief walk into his house.完成句子。Dont _ such foolish things any longer.不要再让自己沉溺于这样愚蠢的事情。These are kids _ puter games.这些都是沉溺于电脑游戏的孩子。He _ on the Internet since last year.他去年以来一直沉迷于玩网络游戏。答案：toaddict yourself toaddicted tohas been addicted to playing games5accustomed to惯常的；习惯了的(教材原句P18)This means that after a while your body bees accustomed to having nicotine in it.这就是说，过一段时间以后，你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。 归纳拓展accustomed adj.惯常的；习惯了的accustom vt.使习惯于accustom oneself to习惯于(to是介词)be/get/bee accustomed tobe used to习惯于(to是介词) 即学即练单句语法填空。He quickly accustomed himself _ this new way of life.She took her _ (accustom) seat by the window.完成句子。Most developed nations have bee dependent on digital technology simply because theyve _it.大多数发达国家已经依赖于数码技术，仅仅因为它们已经习惯了数码技术。答案：toaccustomedgot accustomed to6quit vt.停止(做某事)；离开(教材原句P18)I was addicted in all three ways，so it was very difficult to quit.我之所以上瘾是有着这三个方面的原因的，因此，要戒烟就很难。I wish youd all quit arguing.我希望你们都停止争吵。She quit school at 17 and started her own business.她17岁离开学校后开创了自己的事业。 归纳拓展quit doing sth放弃干某事；停止干某事quit school/ones office/job退学/辞职/离职be quit of sb/sth摆脱某人/某事 即学即练完成句子。My father has quit _ (smoke) at last.我父亲终于戒了烟。She _ at 17 and left home.她17岁辍学后离开了家。I wish youd all _.我希望你们都别抱怨了。答案：smokingquit schoolquit plaining7effect n效果；效力；作用；影响(教材原句P18)When I was young，I didnt know much about the harmful effects of smoking.在我年轻的时候，关于吸烟的危害我知道得并不多。I tried to persuade him，but with no effect.我尽力劝他，但是他根本不听。Some ancient laws are still in effect.有些古时的法律现在仍然有效。助记：熟词facta变e词根fect(do作；做)生词affectaf(ad向；对)fect(do作；做)；对起作用v.影响；感动；侵袭effectef(ex出)fect(do)；做出来的事；造成的事n.结果；影响The games dont have an effect on me but affect him a great deal.这些游戏对我没有影响，但是对他影响很大。 归纳拓展effect短语荟萃bring/carry/put into effect实行；使生效e/go into effect开始生效；开始实行have an/no effect on对有/没有影响in effect事实上；在实施中；有效of no effect无效take effect生效；起作用with effect有效地without effect无效地 即学即练单句语法填空。The new law is said to have e _ effect from April.Great scientific achievements will have a positive effect _ our life as well as society.完成句子。He realized the beneficial _.他认识到了锻炼的好处。I tried to persuade him，but _.我尽力劝他，但他根本不听。答案：intooneffects of exercisewith little effect8strengthen v变强；加强；巩固(教材原句P18)It might help you to stop and strengthen your resolve.也许对你戒烟和坚定决心会有所帮助。Its my duty to strengthen the fence.加固围栏是我的职责。 The wind strengthened during the night.夜里风力增强了。 归纳拓展strength n力气；体力；勇气 have the strength to do sth有勇气做某事go from strength to strength日益壮大on the strength of sth基于with all ones strength用尽全身的力气the strength of.的力量；的实力in strength大批地；大量地 即学即练单句语法填空。It is an attempt _ (strong) our ability to pete with other panies.The rainstorm was _(strong)完成句子。Through years of development，_.经过多年的发展，这个国家的实力增强了。He hasnt got _.他没有足够的力气搬起那个箱子。单句改错。petition，they believe，strengths the national character rather than corrupt it._答案：to strengthenstrengtheningthis countrys power strengthenedenough strength to lift the boxstrengthsstrengthens9every time每次fell like想要(教材原句P19)Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette，remind yourself that you are a nonsmoker.每当你想要吸烟的时候，你就提醒你自己，你(已经)是不吸烟的人了。(1)every time在此处引导时间状语从句，起连词的作用。Every time I see him，he is working hard.我每次见到他，他都在拼命地工作。Every time I went to see him，he was drinking.每次我去看他，他都在喝酒。We lose a few skin cells every time we wash our hands.每当我们洗手的时候，我们都要损失一些皮肤细胞。 归纳拓展next/any/every/each time下次/任何时间/每次immediately，instantly，directly立刻the first/second/last time第一/第二/最后一次the moment/instant/minute一就(2)feel like (doing)想要(做)I dont feel like talking with him.我不想跟他说话。I dont feel like getting involved in any New Years celebrations.我不想参加任何新年庆典。 归纳拓展The material feels like silk.这料子摸起来像丝绸。提示表示“想要(做)”的短语还有would like to do，enjoy doing，be fond of doing等。 即学即练单句语法填空。_ time I call on my aunt，she is busy working._ first time we saw our English teacher，she left a very good impression on us.完成句子。I _ with such touchy problems.我不愿处理这种棘手的问题。I _ a drink.我想喝一盅。The material _ nylon.这材料摸上去像是尼龙。答案：EveryThedont feel like dealingfeel likefeels like10ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的(教材原句P19)If you weaken and have a cigarette, do not feel ashamed.如果你因意志薄弱而又抽烟了，也不要觉得难为情。 归纳拓展be/feel ashamed of 因而感到羞愧 be ashamed that. 对感到惭愧 be ashamed to do sth耻于干某事；不情愿干某事shame n羞愧；可惜 what a shamethat从句真可惜shameful adj.可耻的；不体面的 易混辨析 ashamed/shameful/shameless词语辨析ashamed指某人因某事而感到羞耻、惭愧、害臊等，通常作表语shameful“可耻的；丢脸的”，可作表语，也可作定语，主语或中心词是使人感到丢脸的人或事shameless“无耻的，不知羞耻的，不要脸的”，既可作表语，也可作定语，用于形容人或事物本身“恬不知耻，无耻” 即学即练单句语法填空。He was ashamed _ (tell) his family what had happened.单句改错。I was ashaming to tell him that I had failed._She deeply ashamed of her behaviour at the party._完成句子。I _ I hadnt stopped her from going away alone.我没有阻止她独自前往感到很惭愧。He _ his family what had happened.他羞于告诉家人发生的事情。答案：to tellashamingashamedshe后加was或isfelt ashamed thatwas ashamed to tell应用落实.单句改错每句中有1处错误，找出并改正。1Im not a little tired today after giving the room a thorough cleaning and I have never had as more tiring a day as today._2Next time when you pay a visit to Shanghai，Ill show you around._3Alcoholic drink can have bad effect on your body._4He has accustomed to the life in the mountains since his childhood._5I ashamed of having lied to my teacher that day._答案：1.more改为much2.when去掉3.bad前加a4has后加been5.I后加was.单句语法填空在每句空白处填上适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1We must decide _ a topic before we start to write.2A great many teenagers became _ (addict)to playing puter games，wasting their precious time.3_ we know，more than seventy percent of the earth is covered by water.4She was fined 500 and _ (ban) from driving for one month.5Ill go out for a walk while he feels like _ (play) football.6I am accustomed to _(walk) to school.7People can easily bee _ (mental) addicted to drugs when they start taking them.8His book is due _ (e) out in October.9He was feeling very _ (stress) and tired.10She was _ (disappoint) to know that she had failed the course.答案：1.on2.addicted3.As4.banned5.playing6.walking7.mentally8.to e9.stressed10.disappointed.选词填空be addicted to；bee accustomed to；decide on；have a bad effect on；feel like1If you keep delaying, you dont allow yourself time for those various life events that _ your ability to plete your assignment.2Has Li Lei _ a date for the wedding?3I _
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