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Unit 1 Art话题诵读 日积月累【导语】人们在凝视达芬奇的不朽之作蒙娜丽莎时，常常会被画中人物迷人的微笑倾倒。但你知道这安谧的笑容正在消失吗？She is widely seen as proof that good looks can last forever.But, at nearly 500 years of age, time is catching up with the Mona Lisa.The health of the famous picture, painted by Leonardo Da Vinci (列奥纳多达芬奇) in 1505，is getting worse by the year，according to the Louvre Museum (卢浮宫博物馆) where it is housed.“The thin, wooden panel on which the Mona Lisa is painted in oil has changed shape since experts checked it two years ago，” the museum said.Visitors have noticed changes but repairing the worlds most famous painting is not easy.Experts are not sure about the materials the Italian artist used and their current chemical state (化学状态)Nearly 6 million people go to see the Mona Lisa every year，many attracted by the mystery of her smile.“It is very interesting that when youre not looking at her，she seems to be smiling, and then you look at her and she stops，” said Professor Margaret Livingstone of Harvard University.“Its because direct vision (视觉) is excellent at picking up detail, but less suited to looking at shadows.Da Vinci painted the smile in shadows.”However, the actual history of the Mona Lisa is just as mysterious as the smile，Da Vinci himself loved it so muchthat he always carried it with him, until it was eventually sold to Frances King Francis in 1519.In 1911, the painting was stolen from the Louvre by a former employee，who took it out of the museum hidden under his coat.He said he planned to return it to Italy.The painting was sent back to France two years later.During World War ， French hid the painting in small towns to keep it out of the hands of German forces.Like many old ladies，the Mona Lisa has some interesting stories to tell.【词海拾贝】1proof n证明；证据；试验2panel n嵌板；仪表板3current n趋势；潮流 adj.现行的；当前的4excellent adj.出色的，优秀的；杰出的5employee n职员；职工；受雇用人员【问题思考】1What does the writer mean by “time is catching up with the Mona Lisa”？_2Why is it difficult to repair the worlds most famous painting?_答案：1.It means the painting needs repairing.2Because no one knows exactly the materials the Italian artist used and their current chemical state.自主预习 步步提高词汇识记.将单词与其正确释义连线1abstractA画廊，美术陈列室2gallery B抽象的；深奥的；摘要3typical C技术；方法，技能4technique D典型的；有代表性的5shadow E阴影；影子6figure F过敏性的7allergic G敢作敢为的；好斗的8aggressive H肉；肌肉，肉体9flesh I署名；签字10signature J画像；身材；数字答案：1B2A3D4C5E6J7F8G9H10I.根据所给汉语提示写出单词1_ n信任；信心；信念2_ n目标；目的 vi. & vt.瞄准；(向某方向)努力3_ adj.明显的；明白的4_ vt.采用；采纳；收养5_ vt.拥有；具有；支配答案：1.faith2.aim3.evident4.adopt5.possess.根据英语释义写出单词1_：very silly or unreasonable2_：an act of trying to do sth，especially sth difficult3_：extremely good；excellent4_：the fact of two things happening at the same time by chance，in a surprising way5_：traditional答案：1.ridiculous2.attempt3.superb4.coincidence5.conventional.选用短语的适当形式完成句子concentrate on；by coincidence；a great deal of；on the other hand；break away from；lead to1You should _ your English study.2_ money was used in rescuing the victims in the disaster.3_，we got to the cinema at the same time.4I dont want to buy these books，_ I seldom have time to read them.5Only the small road can _ the house on the top of the mountain.答案：1.concentrate on2.A great deal of3.By coincidence4.on the other hand5.lead to.领会句子所用的句型并译成汉语1But it_was_evident_that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way._2They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as_well_as their activities and achievements._3Among_the_painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris._4Without the new paints and the new technique, we would_not_be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous._5At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accepted as the beginning of what_we_call_“modern_art”_答案：1.但是很显然，在13世纪(人们的)思想正经历着变化，像乔托这样的画家们开始以一种比较现实的风格来画宗教场景。2他们聘请著名的艺术家，不仅让艺术家画他们的活动和成就，还让他们画自己的肖像、房子及所有物。3在那些突破传统画法的画家中有生活和工作在法国巴黎的印象派画家。4没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法，我们就不能看到很多使这一时期著名的杰作。5在印象派作品的创建初期，它们是存在着争议的，但是如今已被人们接受而成为现在所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。语篇理解课文表层理解.判断正(T)误(F)1Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people.()2The painters in the Middle Ages did not use perspective.()3The painters in the late 19th century were as detailed as those of 18th.()4Abstract art is still an art style today.()答案：1.T2.T3.F4.T.读课文回答问题1List the four periods about the development of art styles that mentioned in the passage.(no more than 10 words)_2What can have an influence on art? (no more than 10 words)_3What does “these changes” in Line 35 mainly refer to?_4Who was the first to draw things in perspective？(1 word)_5In what way is the text developed? (2 words)_答案：1.The Middle AgesThe RenaissanceImpressionismModern Art2.The customs and faith of a people.3.It refers to social changes and the appearance of new inventions.4.Masaccio.5.By time.读课文完成下列表格TitleHistory of Western PaintingMain IdeaArt is influenced by the customs and 1._ of a people.The Middle AgesAll the works in this period of time showed 2._ topics.They created a feeling and respect for God.The RenaissanceArtists started to paint people and nature as they were, with a more humanistic 3._ to life. The 4._ method was discovered, which allowed artists to paint 5._ pictures.ImpressionismGreat social changes 6._ to new ideas about painting styles.The new school of artists broke away from the 7._ style of painting.They encourage artists to look at their 8._ in new ways.Modern ArtPainters concentrate on certain 9._ of the object.Some works look just like 10._ as they are painted so realistically.ConclusionNo one can predict what art styles there will be in the future.答案：1.faith2.religious3.attitude4.perspective5.realistic6.led7.traditional8.environment9.qualities10.photographs课文深层理解.阅读课文匹配段落大意1Characteristics of the paintings in the Middle AgesAPainted outdoorsPainted changes in lightNot detailed2Characteristics of the paintings in 15th16th century BRealistic themesPerspectiveNew oil paints3Characteristics of the paintings in late 19thearly 20th century CAbstract：concentrated on qualities of the objectVery realistic：like photographs4Characteristics of the paintings in 20th DReligious themesMany religious symbolscenturytoday.答案：1D2B3A4C.阅读P1P3教材原文，选择最佳答案1Which of the following statements is TRUE?APaintings in the Middle Ages were very realistic.BWestern art has changed a lot since the 5th century.CThe Impressionist paintings were painted mainly indoors.DModern art began in the Renaissance.2The painters during the Middle Ages mainly_Ashowed people as they really wereBlooked at their environment in new waysCexpressed their respect and love for natureDrepresented religious themes3It can be inferred that classical Roman and Greek ideas were_AimaginaryBrealisticCridiculous Dabstract4According to the text，the painters during the Renaissance_adopted a more humanistic attitude to lifediscovered the rules of perspectivedeveloped oil paintsbroke away from the traditional style of paintingA BC D5What does the text mainly tell us?AHow religious paintings developed.BHow oil paintings developed.CHow Impressionist paintings developed.DHow western art developed.答案：1.B2.D3.B4.D5.D知识聚焦 讲练互动要点直击1would rather宁愿，宁可(教材原句P1)Would you rather have Chinese or Westernstyle paintings in your home?在你的家里，你愿意悬挂中国画还是西洋画？ 归纳拓展would rather do sth宁愿做某事would rather not do sth宁愿不做某事would do.rather than do.would rather do.than do.宁愿做而不愿做prefer to do.rather than do.宁愿做而不愿做would rather sb did.宁愿某人做 即学即练单句语法填空。Id rather you _ (meet) him at the airport tomorrow.单句改错。I would walk there rather than to take a bus._完成句子。They said they _ their homes.他们说他们宁愿死也不愿离开家园。I would rather you _ him the news that day.我宁愿你那天没有把消息告诉他。答案：met去掉towould rather die than leavehadnt told2faith n信任；相信；信心；信仰(教材原句P1)Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people.艺术受一个民族的习俗和信仰的影响。Faith can move mountains.谚精诚所至，金石为开。 归纳拓展have faith in sb/sth对某人/某事有信心lose faith in不再信任；对失去信心keep faith with忠于；守信faithful adj.忠实的be faithful to sb/sth忠实于某人/某事faithfully adv.忠实地 即学即练单句语法填空。In no case shall we lose faith _ the future.She has served the family _ (faith) for thirty years.完成句子。My boss _ me.我的老板非常信任我。She is always _ her country.她一直忠于自己的祖国。答案：infaithfullyhas great faith infaithful to3aim n目标；目的 v瞄准；(向某方向)努力(教材原句P2)During the Middle Ages，the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes.在中世纪，画家的主要任务是把宗教的主题表现出来。The visit was aimed at expanding the relation between the two countries.这次访问的目的在于扩展两国的关系。 归纳拓展take aim (at)(向)瞄准with the aim of以为目标；意在aim at瞄准；目的在于aim sth at把瞄准；把用于；旨在aim at doing sth/aim to do sth意欲/企图/力求做某事be aimed at (doing) sth旨在；目的在于aimless adj.没有目标的 即学即练单句改错。I was aiming the tree but hit the car by mistake._单句语法填空。He aimed _ be a successful businessman when he was young.She went to London，_ (aim) at finding a job.完成句子。He went to Beijing _ finding a job.他去北京是为了找工作。These materials are _ the preschool children.这些材料是针对学前儿童的。答案：the tree前加attoaiming/aimedwith the aim ofaimed at4evident adj.明显的；明白的(教材原句P2)But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.但是很明显在13世纪时，人们的思想正在发生变化，像乔托这样的画家们开始以一种比较现实的风格来描绘宗教场景。 归纳拓展It is evident(to sb)that.(对某人来说)显然be evident to sb对某人来说很明显be evident in.在方面很明显evidently adv.明显地；显然地evidence n证据；迹象 即学即练用evident的适当形式填空。There wasnt enough _ to prove his guilt.He was _ too tired to go any further.This fact is too _ to require proof.完成句子。From the look on his face，_ the news came as a plete shock.从他的面部表情可以明显看出，他被这个消息惊呆了。单句改错。It must be evident to all of us he has made a mistake._She walked slowly，evident in pain._答案：evidenceevidentlyevidentit was evident thathe前加thatevidentevidently5adopt vt.采用；采纳；收养(教材原句P2)People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life.人们开始更少地关注宗教主题，而对生活采取了更加人性化的态度。 归纳拓展adoption n采用；收养adopted adj.被收养的 易混辨析adopt/adapt词语中文意义辨析adopt采取，采用；收养；领养两个词都是动词，词义上比较好区分，只是拼写相差一个字母，容易混淆adapt使适应，使适合；改编，改写；改建，改造 即学即练用adopt或adapt的适当形式填空。The young couple had no children of their own and _ an orphan，who came to _ to his new life after a few months.They discovered a new species that _ well to the cold weather.Many people are eager to _ the children losing their parents in the disaster and pleased by the _ of a little girl.The agenda _经过讨论，议事日程获得通过。Mr Kern _ as his own son.克恩先生将那孤儿收养为自己的儿子。答案：adoptedadaptadaptedadoptadoptionwas adopted after some discussionadopted the orphan6possess vt.拥有；具有；支配(教材原句P2)Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings，so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses.富人们想拥有自己的艺术品并用来装饰自己的高级宫殿和豪宅。As is known to us all，our country possesses rich resources.众所周知，我们国家拥有丰富的资源。Im afraid he doesnt possess a sense of humour.我恐怕他没有什么幽默感。 归纳拓展be possessed of拥有be possessed by/with被控制 possession n拥有；财产(多用复数)have/get/take possession of占有；取得所有权in possession of占有；拥有in the possession of sb被占有；为所有 即学即练单句语法填空。She is _ (possess) of health and wealth.Does the young man standing there have possession _ the pany?No.The pany is in _ possession of his father.完成句子。Its said that a young man possesses the pany.Its said that a young man _/_/_ the panyIts said that the pany _ a young man.据说一位年轻人拥有这家公司。答案：possessedoftheis possessed of/has possession of/is in possession ofis in the possession of7coincidence n巧合(的事)；(事情、品味、故事等)相合(教材原句P2)By coincidence，oil paints were also developed at this time，which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper.巧合的是油画颜料在这一时期也得到了发展，这使得绘画的色彩看上去更丰富、更深沉。Im going to New York tomorrow.What a coincidence！Im going there too.明天我要到纽约去。太巧了，我正好也要去。 归纳拓展by coincidence巧合地by accident碰巧；偶然by chance碰巧；偶然 on purpose故意coincident adj.同时发生的 coincidental adj.巧合的It is/was a coincidence that.巧合的是 即学即练单句语法填空。She and I both arrived at the same time _ pure coincidence.It cant be a coincidence _ four jewelry stores were robbed in one night.完成句子。_！ I wasnt expecting to see you here.太巧了，我没料到会在这里见到你。答案：bythatWhat a coincidence8a great deal大量(教材原句P2)In the late 19th century，Europe changed a great deal，from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one.19世纪后期欧洲发生了巨大的变化，从以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会。A great deal has been finished，but there is still much to be done.虽然已经完成了许多工作，但仍然有许多事情要做。He likes to swim a great deal in summer.他夏天非常喜欢游泳。 归纳拓展表示“大量，许多”的短语：(1)修饰可数名词，谓语动词用复数形式的短语：a good/great many；a large/great number of；large/great numbers of；scores of；dozens of等。There were scores of boxes，all waiting to be checked and loaded.大批的箱子等着检查后装运。(2)修饰不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式的短语：a great deal of/a large amount of等。He has spent a large amount of money on his new house.他在新房子上花费了许多钱。(3)既能修饰可数名词，又能修饰不可数名词，谓语动词根据被修饰的名词决定单复数形式的短语：a lot of/lots of/plenty of等。Recently，lots of trees have been planted around the square to beautify the environment.近来，为了美化环境，广场的周围种了不少树。Plenty of fresh air is good for his recovery.充足的新鲜空气对他的身体恢复有好处。 即学即练单句改错。I have learned a great deal of from my visit here，so the city is well worth visiting._A great many of people were killed in the earthquake._He spent a great deal of money on books and a good many his books are about space._Currently eleven of her works are in print，and a good number of others is available in public._答案：去掉of去掉of或manynumbermany后加of或去掉hisisare9attempt n努力；尝试；企图 vt.尝试；企图(教材原句P3)On the one hand，some modern art is abstract；that is，the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes，.一方面，有些现代艺术是抽象的，也就是说，画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来 归纳拓展(1)in an/ones attempt to 力图，试图 at the first.attempt 在第一次尝试 make an attempt at(doing)sth/to do sth 打算；试图做某事(2)attempt sth 尝试attempt to do sth 试图做某事 易混辨析attempt/try/manage词语辨析attempt正式用语，常指一次的而不是继续的尝试，往往暗示这种尝试达不到目的，常包含“冒险”意义。try通俗用语，指为成功做某事而付出努力或花费一定代价，后接不定式表示“尽量做某事”，后接动词ing形式表示“试着做某事”。manage“成功地做成某事”，强调结果。She made an attempt to cook a rich lunch for the restaurant.她试着为餐厅做一顿丰盛的午餐。Ive tried time and time again but I still cant do it.我试了又试，还是做不出来。Jenny managed to pass her driving test on the fifth attempt.珍妮考了5次才最终通过了驾照考试。 即学即练单句语法填空。Ive attempted _ (convince) her，but Ive failed pletely.I passed my driving test _ my first attempt.完成句子。They tried climbing that hill.They _ that hill.They _ that hill.他们试图攀登那座小山。They closed the road _他们关闭了那条道路，以试图减少城内的车流量。答案：to convinceatattempted to climbmade an attempt to climb/at climbingin an attempt to reduce traffic in the city10on the other hand(可是)另一方面(教材原句P3)On the other hand，some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs.而另一方面，有些现代派的艺术作品却是那么写实，看上去就像是照片。On the one hand I want to see the film Personal Tailor，but on the other hand I have too much work to do.一方面我想去看电影私人定制，但另一方面，我又有太多的活要干。 归纳拓展on(the)one hand.；on the other hand.一方面；另一方面(却)(引出不同的，尤指对立的观点、思想等)first(ly).；second(ly).第一；第二for one thing.；for another(thing).一则；二则特别提示on (the) one hand.on the other (hand).常表达相矛盾的两方面，On the other hand前常有but；for one thing.，for another (thing).和first(ly).；second (ly).陈述的两方面情况常一致，for another和second(ly)前常用and。 即学即练完成句子。On (the) one hand I want to sell the house，but _，I cant bear the thought of moving.一方面我想把房子卖掉，但另一方面我又不能忍受搬家。Im not going to buy it；for one thing I dont like the colour，and _ its far too expensive.我不买这东西：一是我不喜欢这颜色，二是太贵了。Firstly，we havent enough money，and _ we havent enough time.首先，我们没有足够的资金；其次，我们没有足够的时间。答案：on the other handfor anothersecondly应用落实.单句改错每句中有1处错误，找出并改正。1He made a brave attempt to saving the childs life._2Some fortune tellers say that they can predict about future events._3When her father died，she came into the possession of a large fortune._4We learned a great deal of from them._5On the wall is hanging two old paintings._答案：1.savingsave/toat2.去掉about3.去掉the4.去掉of5.isare.用所给单词的适当形式填空1He was the last person_(leave) the restaurant that night.2The thief attempted_(escape)，but was caught by the police.3It is typical of him_(forget)keys.4She was found in _(possess)of stolen goods.5Present at the meeting_(be)some teachers and students.6The measures are_(aim)at stopping the river from being further polluted.7Tong Dawei，a famous actor，is always_(faith)to his wife.8It is_(evidence)that he has decided to leave.答案：1.to leave2.to escape3.to forget4.possession5.were/are6.aimed7.faithful8.evident.选词填空by coincidence；a great deal；lead to；
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