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Unit 1 Cultural relics Period 3 Learning about Language课后阅读训练. 阅读理解AGarden building is considered an important part of Chinese culture. Some people say that if you have never walked through a Chinese garden, you cannot say that you have really visited China. Traditional Chinese gardens are located(位于)in North China in such places as Beihai Park, the Summer Palace, the Forbidden City. In larger imperial gardens(御花园), the main buildings are connected by an imaginary(虚构的)line in the middle of the garden on the north-south axis(轴). Other features(特征)of imperial gardens are colored paintings, man-made hills and lakes. Most private gardens are found in the south, especially in cities south of the Yangtze River. Private gardens were mostly built at one side or at the back of the houses. Around the beautiful scene are small open areas with beautiful shaped doors through which visitors can enjoy the sights. They are open on all sides and are often near the water so that the whole scene can be enjoyed. Suzhou, known as the home of gardens, displays the most and the best Chinese traditional private gardens. Different parts of it are examples of the garden style of the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. The landscape garden contains a number of pleasant natural scenes and some fairy tales. The ancient Chinese used to call the garden landscape“Jing”, which means“scene”in English. Good examples include the ten West Lake Scenes in Hangzhou, the twenty-four slim West Lake Scenes in Yangzhou and the eight Daming Lake Scenes in Jinan. 【语篇概述】本文介绍了中国园林建筑的文化。1. The passage tells mainly about_. A. an important part of Chinese cultureB. the characteristics(特征)of different styles of Chinese garden buildingsC. where foreigners can find Chinese gardensD. how to appreciate Chinese gardens【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文第一段第一句是主题句。本文主要讲中国的三类园林建筑:御花园、私家园林和风景园。故答案为B。2. Which of the following is NOT a feature of the imperial gardens?A. There is a north-south axis in the centre of the garden. B. There are man-made hills and lakes in the gardens. C. They were built because of some fairy tales. D. They have colored paintings. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第四段可知风景园包含童话故事, 而御花园没有, 故C项表述不正确。3. In the third paragraph, the underlined word “They” refers to_. A. private gardens B. beautiful scenesC. the houses D. rivers and lakes【解析】选A。词义猜测题。第三段主要讲的是私家园林, 故答案为A。4. “Jing”which the ancient Chinese used to call the garden landscape actually means“_”in English. A. wellB. tightC. gardenD. scene【解析】选D。细节理解题。由最后一段的第二句The ancient Chinese used to call the garden landscape“Jing”, which means“scene”in English. 可知, 答案为D。BThere are many types of tombs(坟墓)in Egypt. However, throughout Egypts past, the tombs of kings and high officials, upper class artists and craftsmen, and poor people were very different. For poor people, the types of tombs they used stayed about the same, but the tombs of kings and high officials changed a lot over time. At first, the kings of Egypt were buried in what are known as mastabas in southern Egypt, mainly at a place called Abydos. They had a pit(坑)where the dead were buried in the ground covered by stones above around. Later mastabas sometimes had many rooms below and above ground to store the items that the dead person wished to take with him or her into the afterlife. Later, during a period known as the Old Kingdom, the kings decided to be buried in a more northern location around the capital of Egypt. It was a city called the White Walls, but the Greeks called it Memphis. There were several cemeteries(墓地)around Memphis. The first was a place called Saqqara, where the earliest pyramids(金字塔)were located. These were not true pyramids, as they had stepped sides rather than being smooth. Later kings experimented with true pyramids at a place called Dashure, where they finally built the first true pyramid tomb. However, the largest and grandest pyramids were later built at a place called the Giza Plateau, which is now just outside of the modern city of Cairo, Egypt. However, there were a number of other locations where the kings of Egypt built pyramids, but almost all of them were built near Memphis in the north or only as far south as a place called the Fayoum. 【语篇概述】本文向我们介绍了古埃及坟墓尤其是国王的坟墓的变化。5. With time passing by, the tombs of poor people in Egypt_. A. became deeper and deeperB. changed a lot in shapeC. moved from place to placeD. didnt change much【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章第一段末句For poor people, the types of tombs they used stayed about the same可知答案。6. According to Para. 2, why were many rooms built in a mastaba?A. To keep stones in them. B. To bury the dead peoples families. C. To make the tomb look bigger. D. To store things for the dead people. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章第二段末句Later mastabas sometimes had many rooms below and above ground to store the items that the dead person wished to take with him or her into the afterlife. 可知答案。7. What was the difference between the earliest pyramids and the true ones?A. The former were lower and smaller than the latter. B. The former had stepped sides while the latter had smooth sides. C. The former were used to bury poor people while the latter were used to bury kings. D. The former were built in the south of Memphis while the latter in the north of Memphis. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第三段末句These were not true pyramids, as they had stepped sides rather than being smooth. 可知答案。8. Where were most of the true pyramids in Egypt located?A. At Abydos. B. At the Giza Plateau. C. Near Memphis. D. At the Fayoum. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章末段末句but almost all of them were built near Memphis in the north or only as far south as a place called the Fayoum. 可推断埃及大部分的金字塔都在孟菲斯附近。CDriverless vehicles could threaten the jobs of millions of Americans who drive trucks and taxis. Some experts believe driverless trucks will be deployed throughout the United States soon. Others believe it will not happen for years. In Australia and other countries, driverless trucks move large loads of dirt and ore(矿石)in mines. The trucks can operate in the mines because there are few other vehicles there. But it will be more difficult for vehicles to operate on roads where there are many other vehicles. Ted Scott is the head of engineering at the American Trucking Association. He says it will be years before rules are written, testing is pleted and other drivers accept driverless vehicles. The carmaker Volvo and the ride-sharing pany Uber have announced a plan to test self-driving cars in the eastern city of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The Ford Motor pany recently announced it would work with a Chinese pany to research self-driving vehicles technology. Carmaker Audi and other panies are testing robot drivers in more plex(复杂的)environments. It is believed that these tests may help speed up the deployment of driverless vehicles. Self-driving vehicles may help save lives. 94 percent of vehicle crashes(碰撞)are caused by human mistakes. Tens of thousands of lives could be saved if self-driving vehicles are used. Rogelio Rada has been driving a truck for 16 years. He believes it will be a long time before robots take his job. Robots will not be driving trucks for 29 or 30 years. Many people are concerned about the effect of driverless cars on employment. American carmakers sold a record number of vehicles in 2015, but had far fewer workers than ever. 【语篇概述】目前, 各大汽车制造商都在积极开发无人驾驶汽车。对此, 人们的看法可谓:有人欢喜有人愁。有人说这会拯救大量生命;但也有人担心这会减少工作机会, 造成就业困难, 你怎么看呢?9. What does the underlined word “deployed” mean?A. Used. B. Collected. C. Selected. D. Replaced. 【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第一段末句Others believe it will not happen for years. 可知, 一些专家相信无人驾驶卡车很快会在美国使用, 故选A。10. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about?A. It is certain that cars will run without drivers. B. There are strong petitions among carmakers. C. Carmakers are active in developing self-driving cars. D. Different carmakers develop different driverless cars. 【解析】选C。段落大意题。根据本段的内容可知, 沃尔沃联合另一家公司宣布进行无人驾驶汽车测试;福特公司宣布与中国公司合作研制无人驾驶汽车;奥迪和其他公司也在测试机器人驾驶技术。这说明汽车制造商都在积极开发无人汽车驾驶技术, 故选C。11. What do Ted Scott and Rogelio Rada think of self-driving cars?A. They can save lives. B. They can never replace drivers. C. They cant be accepted by drivers. D. They may have a long way to go. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段和第六段内容可知, 两人都认为, 无人驾驶汽车的广泛使用要付诸实施还需要一些时日, 故选D。12. What do people worry about?A. Vehicle crashes. B. Vehicles selling in 2015. C. The number of workers. D. A decrease in job chance. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段和最后一段的Many people are concerned about the effect of driverless cars on employment. 可知, 人们担心无人驾驶汽车的广泛使用会影响就业, 故选D。. 语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A new store in Brooklyn, New York, lets customers pick up things 1. _ free, and donate(捐献)whatever they dont want. The Brooklyn Free Store is 2. _(exact)what it sounds like. The large white tent on Walworth Street houses different things, along with 3. _sign that says, “Take what you want. Share what you think others may enjoy. ”You can find vegetables, books or coats there. Along with taking what you like, you should drop off things you no longer 4. _(want). There is no need to hire a casher, and the store is never 5. _(lock). The store opened in early July, and is a wonderful success, with customers 6. _ (e)in at all hours to sort through the 7. _(collect)and drop off their own things. 8. _the Brooklyn Free Store is the first of 9. _ (it)kind, its not likely to be the last. “New York is famous for having the best garbage(垃圾), ”Myles Emery, an organizer of the store, said, “There could be free 10. _(store)everywhere. ”First New York;next, the world. 【语篇概述】本文主要介绍了纽约的Brooklyn Free Store的相关情况。1. 【解析】for。for free是固定搭配, 意思是“免费”。2. 【解析】exactly。因为修饰谓语动词is, 故用副词形式。3. 【解析】a。这里表示“一个”牌子, 故用不定冠词a。4. 【解析】want。主语you, 而且句子的时态为一般现在时, 故用动词原形。5. 【解析】locked。the store是谓语动词lock所表示的动作的承受者, 故用被动语态。6. 【解析】ing。“with+宾语+现在分词”作状语, 表伴随或者原因。7. 【解析】collections。the collections表示收集的东西。8. 【解析】Though/Although。the first和its not likely to be the last之间是转折关系。9. 【解析】its。kind为名词, 所以用its。10. 【解析】stores。根据everywhere可知, 这里用复数。【补偿训练】People living with heart disease, high blood pressure or stroke may benefit from practicing traditional Chinese exercises such as Tai Chi, showed a study published Wednesday in the journal of the American Heart Association. “But the physical and psychological benefits to these patients of this increasingly popular form of exercise must be determined based on scientific evidence. ”In the new study, the researchers reviewed 35 research articles, which included 2, 249 cardiovascular disease patients from 10 countries. They found Chinese exercises helped reduce the participants systolic blood pressure, the top number, by more than 9. 12 mmHg, and diastolic blood pressure, the bottom number, by more than 5 mmHg on average. The study also revealed small, but statistically significant drops in the levels of bad cholesterol, or low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides. Chinese exercises also seemed to improve quality of life and reduce depression in patients with cardiovascular disease, they said. “Our systematic review results showed that TCE(traditional Chinese exercises)should be useful for patients with CVD(cardiovascular disease), ”the researchers wrote in their paper. However, traditional Chinese exercises did not significantly improve participants heart rate, aerobic fitness level or scores on a general health questionnaire. The review only analyzed studies which randomly assigned participants to groups performing traditional Chinese exercises, most monly Tai Chi, Qigong and Baduanjin, engaging in another form of exercise or making no change in activity level. 【语篇概述】根据在美国心脏学会的杂志上刊登的一份研究指出, 经常练中国传统运动比如太极, 对心脏病、高血压及中风患者有益。1. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. There existed 35 research articles published in the new study. B. The new study included 2, 249 patients who suffered from severe diseases. C. The new study found Chinese exercises helped increase the participants systolic blood pressure. D. The new study found Chinese exercises can improve both the systolic and diastolic blood pressure. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章第四段研究者发现中国的传统运动可以使患者收缩压即高压平均降低至少9. 12毫米汞柱, 使患者舒张压即低压平均降低至少5毫米汞柱。可知D选项说中国的传统运动可以改善收缩压和舒张压是正确的。2. Chinese exercises can do the following EXCEPT_. A. Chinese exercises can reduce the feeling of depression of some patientsB. Chinese exercises are good for certain patientsC. Chinese exercises can improve significantly participant s heart rateD. Chinese exercises can help some patients live a better life【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段可知中国的这些传统运动并不能显著改善患者心率及心脏有氧机能, 故选择C项。3. From Paragraph 2, we know that_. A. the exercises can benefit some patients both physically and psychologicallyB. Chinese exercises have been the most popular form of exercisesC. Chinese exercises can only benefit some patients physicallyD. whether the exercises can benefit some patients both physically or psychologically has not been proved【解析】选D。细节理解题。由文章第二段可知中国的传统运动作为一种较受欢迎的运动形式是否对这些患者有身体和心理上的好处必须基于科学的确定。由此可知选择D项。4. The study team will probably study_in the future. A. the effect of different types of traditional Chinese exercises on chronic diseasesB. the effect of Tai ChiC. participants with the same diseaseD. people living with heart disease, high blood pressure or stroke【解析】选A。推理判断题。由文章最后一段说该研究只是对比分析了将不同参与者随机分配后, 进行各种中国传统运动比如太极、气功和八段锦, 以及相同剧烈程度的其他运动方式后的结果;由此可推知接下来研究组将会研究不同的中国传统运动形式对此类慢性病的具体功效。
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