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Unit 5 The power of nature话题诵读 日积月累导语火山在地球上喷发已有数百万年了，其中五百多座火山还在喷发着，这也显示了地球本身的力量。是什么导致了火山？到底发生了什么事？那火山带指的是什么？让我们来了解一下吧。There are thousands of volcanoes all over the world.What makes volcanoes？What happens?The inside of the earth is very hot.Because it is very，very hot，the rock has melted like ice.It has bee liquid，like water.It is always boiling，like water in a kettle.If you have seen a kettle boiling，you know that the steam and boiling water try to get out.The very hot melted rock inside the earth also tries to get out.Usually it cannot because the outside of the earth is too thick and strong.But in some places the outside of the earth is thin and weak.Sometimes a crack (a small opening) appears.The hot melted rock，which we call“lava”，pushes up through the crack and bursts through.Steam and gas shoot up into the air and the hot melted lava pours out.Big pieces of rock may be thrown high into the air.After a while the volcano bees quiet again.The melted lava bees hard.Later the same thing happens again and again.Each time more hot lava pours out on top of the cold lava and then bees hard.In this way a kind of mountain is built up，with a hole down the middle.Perhaps the volcano will then be quiet and no more lava will burst out.Perhaps it will start again hundreds of years later.词海拾贝1melt v(使)融化，(使)熔化2kettle n水壶3lava n岩浆，熔岩4burst through突然出现；突破5shoot up迅速上升；猛增问题思考1What is the hot melted rock called?_2Will volcanoes start again after lava bursts out?_答案：1.Lava.2Some will and some wont.自主预习 步步提高词汇识记.将单词与其正确释义连线1diagramA欣赏；感激2hurricane B绝对的；完全的3absolute C候选人；候补者4candidate D贵重的；珍贵的5precious E文件；证件6document F阳台7balcony G多种多样的8tremble H图表9diverse I飓风；暴风10appreciation J摇晃，颤抖答案：1H2I3B4C5D6E7F8J9G10A.根据所给汉语提示写出单词1_ n灰；灰末2_ n一套外衣 vt.适合3_ adj.实在的；实际的4_ vt.射中；射伤5_ adj.忧虑的；不安的6_ vt. & vi.惊慌；恐慌7_ vt.保证；担保8_ vi.洗澡答案：1.ash2.suit3.actual4.shoot5.anxious6.panic7.guarantee8.bathe.根据英语释义写出单词1_：next to or along the side of something2_：to carefully consider something to see how useful or valuable it is3_：a line of raised water that moves across the surface of the sea4_：the possibility that something will develop in a certain way，or have a particular effect5_：to choose someone for a position or a job6_：all the special tools, machines, clothes etc.that you need for a particular activity答案：1.alongside2.evaluate3.wave4.potential5.appoint6.equipment.选用短语的适当形式完成句子pare.with；protect.from；be appointed as.；make ones way；be about to；as well as；fast asleep；burn to the ground1Youd better often _ your handwriting _ others.2A chemistry factory _ in the fire.3He _ Chairman of the Student Union in our school.4Though it was raining, the soldiers _ the village.5When I came home，my father was _.6I _ the station to pick him up when he telephoned me that he was delayed.答案：1.parewith2.was burnt to the ground3.has been/was appointed as4.were making their way to5.fast asleep6.was about to go to.领会句子所用句型并译成汉语1Having_collected_and_evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast._2I_was_about_to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day._3It_was_not_easy_to_walk in these suits, but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red, boiling centre._4The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this_being my first experience，I stayed at the top and watched them._答案：1.收集和评估了这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测下次火山熔岩将往何处流，流速是多少。2我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。3穿着这些衣服走起路来实在不容易，但我们还是缓缓朝火山口的边缘走去，并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的中央。4另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。语篇理解课文表层理解.判断正(T)误(F)1The writer has the greatest job in the world, but sometimes he was bored. ()2Mount Kilauea is the most active volcano in Hawaii.()3Many people live near the top of Mount Kilauea, where the rocks fall.()4After eruption the writer and the other two scientists went to the mountain on foot.()5The eruption was the writers first experience and he would never forget it.()答案：1.F2.F3.F4.F5.T.读课文回答问题1Where is Mount Kilauea?_2What is the volcanologist wearing when getting close to the crater?_3What does the writer mean by using “lucky” in the sentence “I was lucky enough to have a much closer look at it”？ (no more than 20 words)_4Why was it difficult for the writer to walk towards the edge of the crater? (no more than 15 words)_答案：1.It is in Hawaii.2.He is wearing white protective suits that covered his whole body，helmets，big boots and special gloves，just like a spaceman.3.It was his first sight of an eruption.It was the first time for him to watch the crater.4.The author was wearing special protective clothes that made it difficult to walk.阅读P3435的Reading部分，完成下列表格The writers jobTravel to unusual places and work 1._ people from all over the world.Help protect ordinary people from the 2._.Collect information for a 3._ about Mount Kilauea；help other scientists to4._ where lava will flow next and how fast. The first experienceThe day of the 5._My bed began 6._ and I heard a strange sound.My bedroom became as 7._ as day.Red hot lava 8._ hundreds of metres into the air.The day after the eruptionTwo other scientists and I were driven up the mountain and dropped as close as possible to the 9._ that had been formed during the eruption.We slowly 10._ to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red，boiling centre.答案：1.alongside2.volcano3.database4.predict5.eruption6.shaking7.bright8.was fountaining9.crater10.made our way课文深层理解.读课文匹配段落大意1Part 1：Paras. (12) AThe reasons why the writer is enthusiastic about his job.2Part 2：Paras. (34) BWhat the writers job is and the importance of his job.3Part 3：Para. (5) CThe writers experience of watching the volcano eruption.答案：1.B2.C3.A.阅读P3435的Reading部分，选择最佳答案1What does the writer mean by using“lucky”in the sentence“I was lucky enough to have a much closer look at it”？AHe felt much safer on the top while the other two scientists climbed down into the crater.BIt was his first sight of an eruption.CIt was the first time for him to watch the crater.DBoth B and C.2What did the author do after he was appointed as a volcanologist?AHe collected information about Mount Kilauea on the spot.BHe analyzed the data and predicted where the lava would flow.CHe persuaded people to move their homes out of the path of the lava.DHe saved people who were covered with lava.3Which of the following descriptions of an eruption is NOT correct?AIt causes great damage near the top of Mount Kilauea.BThe places where the lava flows are usually seriously damaged.CIt can be seen from a distance，even in a house garden.DThe lava can fountain hundreds of metres.4What did the writer feel and see in his first sight of an eruption?AHis bed began shaking and he heard a strange sound.BHis bedroom was as bright as day.CRed hot lava was fountaining hundreds of metres into the sky.DAll of the above.5What is the main idea of the passage?AAn eruption occurred in Hawaii.BA volcanologists job is exciting.CA volcanologists exciting job and his first sight of an eruption.DA sight of an eruption is horrible.答案：1.D2.B3.A4.D5.C知识聚焦 讲练互动要点直击1equipment n设备；装备(教材原句P34)Sometimes working outdoors，sometimes in an office，sometimes using scientific equipment and sometimes meeting local people and tourists，I am never bored.(我)有时在室外工作，有时在办公室里，有时工作中要用科学仪器，有时要会见当地百姓和旅游的人士，我从来都不会厌烦。The plete equipment of the new hospital will take a year.把这个新医院的设备配齐要花一年时间。Without the right equipment the mechanic could not repair the car.没有合适的设备，机械师便不能修理汽车。这是件很有用的厨房用具。误：Its a very useful kitchen equipment.正：Its a very useful piece of kitchen equipment. 归纳拓展a piece of equipment一件设备equip v装备；配备equip.with. 用准备；使具备be equipped with. 配备有equip sb for. 使某人对有所准备；使某人有能力well/fully equipped 装备好的badly/poorly equipped装备差的 即学即练单句语法填空。The local government brought in lots of modern scientific _(equip)The manager decided to equip the workshop _ modern machines.完成句子。Their army _，so its a wellequipped army.他们的部队装备精良，所以是一支配备精良的军队。The course is designed to _ a career in nursing.此课程旨在使学生能够胜任护理工作。单句改错。Our school has changed all the office equipments for us at the beginning of the term._答案：equipmentwithis well equippedequip students forequipmentsequipment2appoint vt.任命；委派；约定，安排(教材原句P34)I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) twenty years ago.作为一名火山学家，我已经被派到夏威夷火山观测站(HVO)工作20年了。 归纳拓展appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事appoint sth for sth为某事安排/确定(时间/地点等)appointment n约会，约定；任命，委派；职务，职位fix/make/have an appointment with sb 与某人约会appointed adj.指定的，约定的 即学即练完成句子。I decide _ of the pany.我决定任命你为公司副经理。The manager _ look into those plaints.经理委派他去调查那些投诉。单句语法填空。Id love to go there with you，but I have an _ (appoint) with my lawyer.She was waiting at my apartment at the _ (appoint) time to take me to Disney World.单句改错。If you want to make appointment with the doctor，you should phone him ahead of time._答案：to appoint you (as/to be) the vice managerappointed him toappointmentappointedmake后加an3evaluate vt.评估；评价；估计(教材原句P34)Having collected and evaluated the information，I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.收集和评估了这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测下次火山熔岩将往何处流，流速是多少。I cant evaluate his ability without seeing his work.我没有看到他的工作情况，无法评估他的能力。The school has only been open for six months，so its hard to evaluate its achievement.该学校仅开办了六个月，现在还很难估计它的成就。 归纳拓展evaluate sb on.根据评价某人evaluation n估计；评价make an evaluation of对进行评估The school evaluates a teacher on his performance in class.学校根据教师在课堂上的表现评价教师。I attempted an honest evaluation of my own life.我试图如实地评价我自己的一生。 易混辨析evaluate/estimate/value词语辨析evaluate很少用来表示“估价”或“估计”某物的市场价值，大多是用来表示“评价”estimate表示的“估计”“估算”只是猜测，甚至只是一种想法value估计某物的“价值；价格” 即学即练单句语法填空。The tree _ (estimate) to be at least 700 years old.It can be difficult _ (evaluation) the effectiveness of different treatments.完成句子。You should be able to _.你应当能够评估你自己的工作。Its hard to _.要把她当歌手来评价很难。Can you _ success?你能估计她成功的机会吗？答案：is estimatedto evaluateevaluate your own workevaluate her as a singerevaluate her chances of4be about to. when.正要做这时(教材原句P34)I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。句式分析该句是并列句，核心句式是.be about to.when.，其中when是并列连词，常用于引导一个突然出现的动作，意为“正在这时/那时(突然)”，相当于and at this/that time。I was about to go out when Tom came in.我正要出去，这时汤姆突然进来了。I was about to go out when the telephone rang.我正要出去，电话铃突然响了。 归纳拓展并列连词when常用于以下句型：was/were doing.when.正在做这时was/were about to do.when.正要做这时was/were on the point of doing.when.刚要做这时had just done.when.刚做完这时had hardly/scarcely done.when.hardly/scarcely had.done.when.刚做完这时/那时 即学即练完成句子。I was walking in the street _.我正在街上走着，这时我突然看见了我的老朋友玛丽。I _to help you with your English when my uncle came.我正要出门去你家辅导你英语，这时我叔叔来了。The game _ when it started to rain._ the game _ when it started to rain.比赛刚刚开始，天就开始下起雨来。单句改错。I had just finished my work you called me._答案：when I saw my old friend Marywas about to go/was on the point of goinghad hardly/scarcely begunHardly/Scarcely hadbegunyou前加when5suit n一套外衣；套装 vt.适合；使适宜(教材原句P34)We had white protective suits that covered our whole body，helmets，big boots and special gloves.我们都穿着白色的防护服遮住全身，戴上了头盔和特制的手套，还穿了一双大靴子。I dont think this song suits him.我认为这首歌不适合他。 Her speech was well suited to the occasion.她的讲话在这个场合非常适宜。 归纳拓展suit oneself随自己的意愿行事suit sth to sth使某物适合于(另一物)It suits/suited sb to do sth某人适合做某事suitable adj.合适的；适宜的be suitable for sth/sb适于某物/人be suitable to do sth适合做某事He tried to suit his performance to the audience.他尽力使自己的表演迎合观众的口味。The show is not suitable for young children on the whole.总之，该表演不太适合少儿观看。 易混辨析fit/suit/match词语辨析典型例句fit多指大小、形状合适，可引申为“吻合，协调”The trousers dont fit him；they are too small. 这条裤子不合他的身，太小了。suit多指颜色、花样或款式适合；还可指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位等This style of dress suits you well. 你穿这种款式的衣服很合适。match多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配Her clothes and hat dont match. 她的衣服和帽子不搭。 即学即练单句改错。He had different suit for every hour of the day._完成句子。The blue dress _.这件蓝色连衣裙她穿起来不合适。He tried _ the audience.他尽力使自己的表演迎合观众的口味。_；I dont mind what plans you make.随便，不论你有什么打算，我都没有意见。The house is not really _ (suit) for a large family.这所房子确实不适合大家庭居住。答案：had后加adoesnt suit herto suit his performance toSuit yourselfsuitable6make ones way前往；向走去；成功(教材原句P35)It was not easy to walk in these suits，but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red，boiling centre.穿着这些衣服走起路来实在不容易，但我们还是缓缓往火山口的边缘走去，并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的中央。Being exhausted，she made her way to bed.她很疲惫，朝着床走了过去。If you want to make your way，you must learn to work hard when you are still young.你要想成功，就得学会趁着年轻努力工作。注意：make ones way后常接介词to，后跟表地点的名词。 归纳拓展feel ones way摸索着前行fight/push ones way推挤着前行wind ones way蜿蜒向前force ones way out挤出去；冲出去push ones way in挤进去lose ones way迷路on the way to在去的路上in the way挡道in no way决不；一点也不in a/one way在某种意义上；在某种程度上make way for让路；让位于by way of取道；途经 即学即练单句改错。We made our ways along the path to the top of the mountain._完成句子。The snowstorms always made it impossible for them to _暴风雪常常使他们很难回家。Without experience on it，we _.由于在这方面没有经验，我们必须摸索着前进。As we got into a forest，we _. 进入森林后我们迷路了。Though it was raining hard，he made _ way home.尽管雨下得很大，但他还是回家了。答案：wayswaymake their way homehave to feel our waylost our wayhis7独立主格结构(教材原句P35)The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but this being my first experience，I stayed at the top and watched them.另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆。我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。句式分析this being my first experience是独立主格结构，在句中作原因状语。独立主格结构本身不是句子，但在语义上相当于一个句子，一般用逗号与句子主体部分隔开。独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。There being no bus，he had to walk home.由于没有公交车了，他只好步行回家。There is a big garden in front of the house，its owner seated in it.房子前有一个大花园，它的主人坐在里面。 归纳拓展常见的独立主格结构：名词/代词So many people to help him，he is sure to succeed.如此多的人要帮他，他一定会成功的。He came back into the room，his ears red with cold.他回到了房子里，耳朵冻红了。提示用独立主格结构还是用完整的句子，要看前后两部分中间有无连词。若有连词，用完整的句子，如无连词，则用独立主格结构。 即学即练用所给动词的适当形式填空。The test _ (finish)，we began our holiday.The girl _ (stare)at him，he didnt know what to say.句型转换。If weather permits，well go sightseeing.Weather _，well go sightseeing.There were no buses，and they had to walk home.There _ no buses，they had to walk home.答案：finishedstaringpermittingbeing应用落实.单句改错每句中有1处错误，找出并改正。1The girl stared at him，he didnt know what to say._2The government has an interest in importing scientific equipments._3Though it was raining hard，he made a way home._4The building burnt to the ground due to the fireworks._5I was reading while the light went out._答案：1.staredstaring2.equipmentsequipment3.ahis4.burnt前加was5.whilewhen.单句语法填空填写空白处所需的内容(1个单词)或所提供单词的正确形式。1It is widely acknowledged that students should _ (evaluate) in terms of overall quality.2Do you think walking is good to ones health?_(absolute)!3I knew that I was in a _ (potential) dangerous situation.4The children in the mountain began to cry，as I _ (wave) goodbye to them.5A lot of teaching _(equip) has been sent to the newly built school.6Ive known Barbara for years.Since we were babies，_ (actual)7The children went home from the grammar school，their lessons _(finish)for the day.8She had just finished her homework _her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday.9They decided to kick him upstairs and _(appoint) a younger man to take his place.10Almost everyone thinks the books are _(suit)for children.答案：1.be evaluated2.Absolutely3.potentially4.waved5.equipment6.actually7.finished8.when9.appoint10.suitable.选词填空make ones way；be burned to the ground；be amazed at；fast asleep；take notice of1During the terrorist attack on September 11th the World Trade Centre _2Short as he was, the little boy managed to _ through the crowd.3The child was _ with all lights on.4He _ the strangers behaviour.5Keep silent! _ what they are talking about.答案：1.was burned to the ground2.make his way3.fast asleep4.was amazed at5.Take notice of.完成句子1The temple _(被烧光) yesterday.2_ (由小男孩带路)，we found the village easily.3The farm workers _ (在户外工作) for many years.4Those climbers _ (艰难前往) to the top of the mountain and stayed there for the night.5The stran
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