2018秋高中英语 Unit 4 Earthquakes同步练习 新人教版必修1.doc

Unit 4 Earthquakes话题诵读 日积月累My earthquake storyMy name is Mahnaz Bibi and Im from a village of Muzaffarabad，Azad Kashmir.We were living a happy and fortable life.I had my husband Mukhtar Ali and a son Mushahid Ali.Mushahid was the whole world for me.On October 8th，I came out of my house after feeding Mushahid to do some work out there.I was working when the earth started shaking from north to west.I had never felt this kind of earthquake before.When I came to my senses I ran back to my house to save my son，as he was sleeping in the room.There was nothing but the debris(残骸)of my house.I started crying loudly and asked the neighbours to help search for my child.I was praying(祈祷)to God to save my child from this disaster，but after three hours of my prayers，I lost my whole world.There was no one to bury Mushahids body because everyone was burying their own children. We buried him on the 9th of October and suffered from rain the whole night.A few days later we left our village，because there was nothing left for us.We travelled a long distance over the mountains.In the end，we reached Muzaffarabad，Azad Kashmir and got shelter in the Ajaz Gillani Relief Tent Village.词海拾贝1e to ones sense(s)清醒过来；冷静下来2search for寻找，搜索3suffer from遭受，忍受4in the end最后，终于5get shelter得到住处；得以避难问题思考1Why did the author leave her village?_答案：Because there was nothing left for her.2What would you do if you felt an earthquake?_答案：I would find a safety place or open field.自主预习 步步提高词汇识记.将单词与其正确释义配对1burstAvi.爆裂；爆发n突然破裂；爆发2ruin Bvt.破坏；毁坏；消灭3injure Cvt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏4destroy Dn.废墟；毁灭vt.使破产；毁灭5shock Evt.损害；伤害6rescue Fvt.&vi.(使)震惊；震动n休克；打击；震惊7trap Gvt.使陷入困境n.陷阱；困境8bury Hn.灾难；灾祸9disaster In.&vt.援救；营救10electricity Jn.电；电流；电学答案：1.A2.D3.E4.B5.F6.I7.G8.C9.H10.J.根据所给汉语提示写出单词1_n地震_n地震；震动2_vi.爆裂；爆发n突然破裂；爆发3_n废墟；毁灭vt.毁灭；使破产4_n苦难；痛苦5_adj.极度的6_vt.损害；伤害7_vt.毁坏；破坏；消灭8_adj.无用的；无效的；无益的_adj.有用的9_n休克；震惊；打击vt.&vi.(使)震惊；震动10_vt.&n.救援；营救11_vt.使陷入困境n陷阱；困境12_n灾难；灾祸13_vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏14_n遮蔽处；避身处；掩蔽15_n记者答案：1.earthquakequake2.burst3.ruin4.suffering5extreme6.injure7.destroy8.uselessuseful9shock10.rescue11.trap12.disaster13.bury14shelter15.reporter.根据汉语提示写出正确的单词1The driver lost control when a tyre_(爆裂)2The bad weather_(毁掉)our trip.3Three people were killed and five_(伤害)in the accident.4The parents were_(震惊)by the news that their son needed an operation.5Helicopters_(营救)nearly 20 people from the roof of the burning building.6The train was_(困在)underground by a fire.7The dog had_(掩埋)its bone in the garden.答案：1.burst2.ruined3.injured4.shocked5rescued6.trapped7.buried.根据汉语提示写出正确的短语1He behaves_(好像)he had no mon sense.2On November 11th，1918 the First World War was finally _ (结束)3The invader laid towns and villages_(严重受损)4I went to the attic and_(发现)grandads medals.5There have been_(许多) accidents lately.6Thank you.I will get in touch with him_(立刻，马上)7It is wrong to_(不把当回事)everything.8I found him in the garden，dreaming away_(和往常一样)答案：1.as if2.at an end3.in ruins4.dug out5a great number of6.right away7.think little of8as usual语篇理解.Skimming for the main informationPara.1_AThe earthquake caused unbelievable destruction to Tangshan.Para.2_ BThe earthquake happened and caused deaths or injuries in Tangshan.Para.3_ CHelp came soon after the quakes.Para.4_ DNo one paid attention though strange things happened.答案：Para.1DPara.2BPara.3APara.4C.Scanning for detailed information1All the following unusual things happened before the quake EXCEPT that_Athe water in the village wells rose and fellBthe chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eatCtens of thousands of cows would never give milk againDfish jumped out of their bowls and ponds2Before the earthquake people were asleep as usual because_Athey didnt notice anything strange happeningBthey knew well about earthquakesCsomething strange happened in many placesDthey didnt realize the arrival of an earthquake3When did the earthquake happen?AAt night on July 28，1976.BOn the morning of July 28，1976.COn the afternoon of July 28，1976.DThe writer didnt tell us.4Which is TRUE according to the passage?APeople paid much attention to those strange things before the earthquake.BBefore the earthquake animals became nervous.CAfter the earthquake water was needed because there was no water in dams and wells.DAfter the earthquake the people in Tangshan lost hope because they were homeless. 5What does the sentence“Slowly，the city began to breathe again”mean? AThe city will not die；it has hope and it can recover from the pain.BThe army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to help people.CHundreds of thousands of people were helped.DMost of the 10，000 miners were rescued.答案：1.C2.D3.B4.B5.A.Intensive reading to finish the passageBefore Tangshan earthquake，strange things happened and a 1._ gas came out from the 2._ of wells and animals became nervous.At 3：42 am，everything began to 3._The city turned into 4._ in just fifteen seconds.Many people，including workers and doctors，came to 5._ those trapped under the ruins.Later that afternoon，another big quake 6._ Tangshan，killing，injuring more people and making more buildings 7._Soldiers were called in to help the rescue workers and teams 8._ to dig out the trapped and bury the dead.Workers built 9._ for survivors.Fresh water was taken to the city.Slowly，the city began to 10._ again.答案：1.smelly2.cracks3.shake4.ruins5.rescue6.struck7.fall down8.were organized9.shelters10breathe阅读素养提升What should we do to protect ourselves if an earthquake happened?_答案：1.Dont be nervous and keep calm.2Protect your head by putting your bag on your head.3Stay under your desk.4Leave the classroom after the earthquake.精读难句透析1The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky.分析：本句是一个主从复合句。_引导的是时间状语从句。译文：_答案：when译文：即使空中没有飞机，在唐山市外也可以听到飞机的声音。2But the one million people of the city，who thought little of these events，were asleep as usual that night.分析：本句是一个主从复合句。_引导的是非限制性定语从句，_是先行词，在从句中作主语。译文：_答案：whopeople译文：但是，这个城市的100万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当回事，那天晚上照常上床睡觉了。 3.A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses，roads and canals. 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。_引导的是定语从句，_是先行词，在从句中作主语。译文：_答案：thatcrack译文：一条8千米长、30米宽的巨大裂缝横穿房屋、马路和水道。知识聚焦 讲练互动要点直击1In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在市内，有些建筑物的水管爆裂开来。 归纳拓展burst vi.（burst，burst）爆裂；爆发n.突然破裂；爆发burst in/into闯进，突然破门而入burst with anger/grief/joy勃然大怒/悲痛欲绝/乐不可支 形象记忆burst的多层含义(1)Upon his appearance，there was a _ of applause.他一出现就爆发了一阵掌声。(2)Karen _ on hearing the good news.Karen _ at the good news.当卡伦听到这一好消息时，她突然大笑起来。(3)Water pipes in the open air are easy to _ in winter.冬天在户外的水管容易冻裂。答案：(1)burst(2)burst out laughingburst into laughter(3)burst 即学即练用适当的介、副词填空。(1)Suddenly the door opened and a group of policemen burst_(2)Hardly had the boys heard the story when they burst_ tears.(3)He burst_the room without knocking at the door.完成句子。(4)_(暴风雨突然袭来)and we all got wet.(5)Last night the room_(闯入)but nothing was taken away.答案：(1)in(2)into(3)into(4)The storm burst(5)was burst into2Twothirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.他们当中三分之二的人在地震中不是死就是伤。 归纳拓展injure vt.损害；伤害；使受伤injured adj.受伤的the injured伤员injury n伤；伤口；伤害 伤害某人(1)Twothirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.他们中有三分之二的人在地震中伤亡。(2)She should not move in case she injured her neck.她不应该动，以防伤着脖子。(3)Trying to help injured，displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking.救一些受伤、流离失所或病残的动物有时是令人心碎的。(4)You should stretch at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.为了避免伤害，每次跑步之前你应该至少热身十分钟。形象记忆不同程度的“伤害” 即学即练用hurt，injure，wound，harm的适当形式填空。(1)Dont_ your eyes by reading in poor light.(2)Two people have been seriously_ in a road accident.(3)Im really sorry.I didnt mean to_ your feelings.(4)He got_ in the war.答案：(1)harm(2)injured(3)hurt(4)wounded3People were shocked.人们惊呆了。 归纳拓展shock vt.&vi.(使)震惊；震动n休克；打击；震惊(1)be a shock to.使震惊be in shock处于震惊中(2)shocked adj 震惊的；惊讶的be shocked at/by对感到震惊shocking adj.令人震惊的(1)She got _ when she touched the live wire.她在触到通电的电线时受到电击。(2)The news of his death was _ us.他去世的消息令我们震惊。答案：(1)shocked(2)a shock to 即学即练完成句子。(1)We_(对感到震惊)the news of his death.(2)The news of his survival from the earthquake came as_ (震惊或令人吃惊的事)(3)They were_(感到吃惊的)when they heard the_ (令人吃惊的)news.答案：(1)were shocked at(2)a shock(3)shockedshocking4The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.解放军组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。 归纳拓展bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏bury ones face/head in ones hands用手捂住脸/头bury oneself in/be buried in埋头于；专心于(1)We needed to bury the dead bodies as quickly as possible to stop disease spreading.我们需要尽快将尸体掩埋，以防疾病扩散。(2)He buried his face in his bands.他双手掩面。(3)Buried in his study，he didnt know that the others had left.他埋头学习，不知道其他人已经离开了。熟词生义He had buried his wife about two years before he retired.他大约在退休前两年丧妻。bury vt.丧失(亲人)形象记忆 即学即练句型转换。(1)He was lost in his book and didnt notice me ing.He_ his book and didnt notice me ing.单句语法填空。(2)He was buried _ the paper and ignored all.(3)_(bury) in his work he didnt return home for two weeks.答案：(1)buried himself in(2)in(3)Buried5It was a frightening night.这是一个骇人的夜晚。 归纳拓展frightening adj.令人恐惧的frightened adj.受惊的；受恐吓的frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬be frightened of (doing) sth 害怕(做)某事be frightened to do sth 害怕/不敢做某事frighten sb into/out of(doing) sth 吓得某人做某事/吓得某人不敢做某事frighten sb/sth away/off把吓走(吓跑)(1)The _ child cant help shaking with fear.受惊的孩子忍不住因害怕而颤抖。(2)The little girl _ the sudden noise.这个女孩听到突然的噪声吓了一跳。(3)Sorry，I didnt mean to _.对不起，我没有吓唬你的意思。答案：(1)frightened(2)was frightened at(3)frighten you 即学即练用frighten的适当形式填空。(1)There was a_ expression on her face.(2)The_ little girl hid herself behind the door.(3)Its_ to stay at a big and empty hall alone.(4)We all felt_ at the_ news.完成句子。(5)They_ the paper.他们吓唬那位老太太在文件上签名。答案：(1)frightened(2)frightened(3)frightening(4)frightenedfrightening(5)frightened the old lady into signing6Congratulations! We are pleased to tell you that you have won the high school speaking petition about new Tangshan.恭喜你！我们高兴地告诉你，你在以新唐山为主题的中学生演讲比赛中获胜了。 归纳拓展congratulation n祝贺；贺词(常用复数)offer/send ones congratulations to sb on sth因某事向某人致以祝贺congratulate v祝贺congratulate sb on sth 为某事向某人祝贺(1)We _ to her when she passed the exam.当她通过考试时，我们向她表示祝贺。(2)I _ you _ what you have achieved.祝贺你取得的成绩。答案：(1)sent our congratulations(2)congratulateon 易混辨析congratulate/celebratecongratulate意为“祝贺”，是用语言表达祝贺之意，其宾语是人；若要表明所祝贺的事情，后面用介词on连接，构成congratulate sb on sthcelebrate“庆祝，庆贺”，指举行盛大、隆重的仪式来庆祝或纪念有意义的日子或事件。常用表示节日、胜利、成功等的名词作宾语 即学即练用上述单词的正确形式填空。(1)Friends came to_ him when he passed the College Entrance Examinations and they held a party to_ it.(2)_ to you on your exam results.(3)We sent our_ to her when she passed the driving test.答案：(1)congratulatecelebrate(2)Congratulations(3)congratulations7Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.评委会的5位评委听了你的演讲，他们一致认为这是今年最好的。 归纳拓展judge n裁判员；法官vt.判定，判决judge sb/sth(to be)n./adj.判断；认为是judge thatclause判断；认为judge.by/from.根据判断judging by/from.从来判断(1)A colourblind man cant _ colours.色盲的人不能判断颜色。(2)I cant _ which one I like better.我无法确定我更喜欢哪个。(3)_ what he said，he was very disappointed.从他的话判断，他非常失望。答案：(1)judge(2)judge(3)Judging from 即学即练用所给词的正确形式填空。(1)_(judge)from media reports，the result has been unclear.(2)He was one of the_(judge)at the races.(3)Its wrong of you_(judge)a man from his looks.答案：(1)Judging(2)judges(3)to judge8Next month the city will open a new park to honour those who died in the terrible disaster.下个月我市将开放一个新的公园，来纪念在那次地震中死去的人们。 归纳拓展hono(u)r v给予荣誉；尊敬n荣誉；敬意an honour to sb/sth 引起尊敬(或尊重)的人或事物in honour of.为了纪念，为向表示敬意show/give honour to.向表示敬意have the honour of sth/of doing sth得到某殊荣；有幸做某事honour sb(with sth)(因某事)尊敬/尊重某人be/feel honoured(to do sth)(做某事)感到荣幸(1)Hes ready to fight for the _ of his country.他随时准备为祖国的荣誉而战。(2)As a student，he should _ his teachers.作为一个学生，他应该尊敬他的老师。(3)Would you _ us _ a visit?能否赏光来我们这里做客？答案：(1)honour(2)show honour to(3)honourwith 即学即练单句语法填空。(1)He is_ honour to his profession.(2)The school was named_honour of the man.(3)I felt honoured_(invite)here.(4)Showing honour_ your teaching is your duty.答案：(1)an(2)in(3)to be invited(4)to9I would like to express my thanks to.我想向表达我的感谢。 归纳拓展express vt.表达；表示n.快车；速递express ones thanks to sb向某人表达某人的感谢express oneself 表达自己的思想感情expression n表达；表情beyond expression 无法表达；难以表达(1)I would like to express my warmest thanks to doctors.我想向医生们表达我最由衷的感谢。(2)The art world gave me a chance to express myself without words.艺术世界给了我不需要语言表达我自己的机会。(3)The shock of this news is beyond expression.难以表达对这则消息的震惊程度。 即学即练用express的相关短语填空。(1)He is still unable to_ in English.(2)Having heard the bad news，he left_(3)The scenery is so beautiful that it is_答案：(1)express himself(2)without expression(3)beyond expression10But the one million people of the city，who thought little of these events，were asleep as usual that night.但是，这座城市的100万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当回事，那天晚上照常上床睡觉了。 归纳拓展think little of不在意，看轻think highly ofthink much of重视；高度评价think poorly of不放在眼里，轻视think nothing of轻视；认为无所谓think ill ofthink badly of认为不好think well of认为好；器重(1)He _ my suggestion.他不重视我的建议。(2)I dont _ his idea.我认为他的主意不怎么样。(3)She _ walking thirty miles a day.她认为一天步行30英里不足为奇。答案：(1)thought little of(2)think much of(3)thinks nothing of 即学即练单句语法填空。(1)We all thought_(better)of what he did to the boy.(2)I like the music，but I think little_the singer.(3)His work is highly_(think)of by his teacher.答案：(1)well(2)of(3)thought11Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping.由于地震发生时人们都在睡觉，所以很多人都死去了。 归纳拓展a(great)number of/a good many许多；大量(后跟可数名词复数)a great deal/amount of大量(后跟不可数名词)a lot of/plenty of/a quantity of许多；大量(后跟可数名词复数或不可数名词)(1)There are_students in our school.我们学校有很多学生。(2)A great number of people_ owned mobile phones nowadays.如今，很多人都拥有了手机。答案：(1)a great number of(2)have 易混辨析a number of/the number ofa number of意为“许多，大量的”。在number 之前可加large，small，great等表示程度。a number of只修饰可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式 the number of意为“的数量”。后接可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数 即学即练单句改错。(1)The number of the students in our school have reached more than 4，000._(2)The number of studies have shown that panies with more women in leadership roles perform financially._(3)Large quantities of water was sent to the area._答案：(1)havehas(2)TheA(3)waswere12It seemed as if the world was at an end!仿佛到了世界末日！句式分析as if(as though)“仿佛；好像”，在句中引导表语从句，常跟在特定动词后面，如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel等。名师点津：as if从句语气的选择(1)如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的，句子要用陈述语气。(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极不可能发生或存在的情况时，从句要用虚拟语气。与现在事实相反过去时(be动词用were)与过去事实相反过去完成时(had done)与将来事实相反would/could/mightdo(1)It _ as if she _ an angel.(与现在事实相反)她看上去像一位天使。(2)It _ as if its _ rain.(陈述语气)天好像要下雨了。答案：(1)seemswere(2)looksgoing to语法拓展as if可以引导方式状语从句，且与事实相反时也要用虚拟语气；也可与动词不定式连用，意为“似乎要做某事”。 即学即练单句语法填空。(1)He always talks to me as if he_(be)my brother.(2)She walked slowly as if she_(hurt)her leg.In fact，she was unwilling to go home.(3)Tom raised his hand as if_(say)something.答案：(1)were(2)had hurt(3)to say13All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。句式分析该句是表示部分否定的句型。all.not.not all.，意为“并非所有的都”。当not与all，both，everyone，everybody，everything以及“every名词”出现在同一个句子中时，不管not在它们之前还是之后都表示部分否定。(1)But _ is happy.并不是每个人都快乐。(2)_ historical buildings are attractive.并非所有的历史建筑物都是吸引人的。语法拓展当表示完全否定意义时，英语中常用no，none，nobody，nothing，no one，neither等词与谓语动词的肯定式连用来表达。(3)_ in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.我的一生中，印象最深的就是第一次参观故宫博物院。(4)_ the answers is right.答案都不对。答案：(1)not everyone(2)Not all(3)Nothing(4)None of 即学即练单句语法填空。(1)Its an eitheror situationwe can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant do_(2)In fact，not_ man is honest.句型转换。(3)Not all the students went to the movie.All the students_to the movie.(4)Both of the two maths problems are not very difficult._ the two maths problems are very difficult.答案：(1)both(2)every(3)didnt go(4)Not both of14In the farmyard，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.在农家小院里的鸡，甚至猪都紧张得不吃东西。句式分析too.to.太而不能(1)too.to.可以用词组be not.enough to替换。(2)too.to.前面有only，but，all时，only too，but too和all too相当于very，后面的不定式表示肯定。(3)当too.to.用来修饰表示态度、情绪、倾向等的形容词(如anxious，eager，glad，happy，pleased，ready，willing，kind等)时，不定式为肯定意义。(1)Li Pings brother is _ young _ join the army.李萍的弟弟太小了，不能去参军。(2)They were _ hear the news.他们听到这个消息非常高兴。答案：(1)tooto(2)too glad to 即学即练句型转换。(1)The child is so young that he cant dress himself.The child is not_himself.The child is_dress himself.完成句子。(2)He is_willing_follow others advice.他极愿意接受别人的意见。(3)The girl is only_ kind _.这个姑娘非常乐于帮助我们。答案：(1)old enough to dresstoo young to(2)tooto(3)tooto help us应用落实.单句拼写1When an_(地震)happens，the water in _(井)often rises and falls and _(管道)often_(爆裂)2._(百