非谓语动词作状语课件.ppt

非谓语动词作状语 一动词不定式作状语 1 动词不定式通常作状语表示原因 结果 目的 条件等 1 目的状语TolearnEnglishwell hewenttoEngland Inordertoachievetheaim wemustlearnfromothercountries 常可与inorderto 为了 或soasto 以便 连用 2 结果状语 动词不定式和ving形式作结果状语区别 1动词不定式作结果状语通常表示意想不到的结果 常与only连用构成onlytodosth2动词ing形式作结果状语通常表示自然而然的情况或结果 Herantothestationonlytofindthetrainhadleft Hisfatherdied leavinghimalotofdebts 3 原因状语 Weareexcitedtohearthenews 4 条件状语 Toturntotheleft youcouldfindapostoffice 二动词ing形式作状语 可表示原因 结果 条件 让步 方式伴随等 可转化为相应的状语从句1 表时间Walkingoutoftheroom hesawtheboystillthere whenhewalkedoutoftheroom he Havingmadefullpreparations wearereadyfortheexam Afterwehavemadefullpreparations we 2 表原因 Beingill hedidn tgotoschoolyesterday Becausehewasill he Notmasteringthewayofstudying ididn tgetagoodresult Asididn tmasterthewayofstudying i 3 表结果 并列谓语 Hisfatherdied leavinghimalotofmoney hisfatherdiedandlefthim Thefirelastednearlyamonth leavingnothingvaluable Thefirelastednearlyamonthandleftnothingvaluable 4 表条件 Workinghardatyourlessons youwillsucceed ifyouworkhardatyourlessons you Ifyoudon tmakeuseoftime youwillregret Notmakinguseofthetime youwill 5 表让步 Knowingallthis theymademepayforthedamage Athoughtheyknewallthis they Studyingfrommorningtillnight ididn tpasstheexam Athoughistudiedfrommorningtillnight i 6 方式 伴随或补充说明 并列结构 Helayonthegrass staringattheskyforalongtime Helayonthegrassandstaredatthe Thegrilcameintotheclassroom singinganddancing Thegrilcameintotheclassroomandtheysanganddanced 注意 1为了使动词ing形式作状语表达的意思更明确 可在动词ing前加上适当的连词 when while if though unless even等 Don ttalkwhilehavingdinner Oncelosingthechance youcan teasilyfindit 2 动词ing形式做状语 其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致 Whilereadingthebook thetelephonerang Whilereadingthebook sheheardthetelephonering Lookingoutthroughthewindow thegardenwasbeautiful Lookingoutthroughthewindow wefoundabeautifulgarden 3 独立成分作状语 常见的分词短语有 Franklyspeaking honestlyspeaking Judgingfrom considering totellthetruthHonestlyspeaking heisnotfitforthejob Judgingfromhisaccent heisfromthesouth 三 过去分词ed作状语 过去分词做状语可表示被动和完成的动作 表示时间 原因 条件 让步 结果 方式等 相当于相应的状语从句 1表时间Seenfromthetopofthehill thecitylookedlikeabiggarden whenitisseenfromthetopofthehill thecity Askedwhathadhappened heloweredhishead whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened he 2 表原因 Surroundedbyagroupofyoungpeople theoldmanfelthappy Ashewassurroundedbyagroupofyoungpeople theoldman Greatlytouchedbytheteacher swords hedidalotofthingstohelphisclassmates Becausetheboywasgreatlytouchedbytheteacher swords he 3 表条件 Givenmoretime wecoulddoitbetter ifweweregivenmoretime we Comparedwithyourbrother youshouldmakegreatereffortstostudyEnglish ifyouarecomparedwithyourbrother you 4 表让步 Laughedatbymanypeople hecontinuedhisstudy Althoughhewaslaughedatbymanypeople he Evenifinvited iwon ttakepartintheparty Evenifiaminvited i 5 表示方式或伴随 Supportedbyagirl theoldmangotoffthebus Heturnedaway disappointed Hewalkedupanddowntheroom lostinthought 注意 1 某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化 常用于一些系表结构中 此时的过去分词既不表被动也不表完成 而表示一种状态 这样的词有 lost seated hidden lost absorbedin dressedin tiredof等 Disappointedattheexaminationresult shesattheresilent Satisfiedwithourperformance theteacherkeptnodding 2 过去分词做状语时 其逻辑主语要与句子的主语保持一致 Askedwhyshewaslate herfacewentred Askedwhyshewaslate shewentredintheface 3 过去分词或短语做状语时 也可在其前面加上连词when if once though unless等 以便明确作何种状语 Thoughbeaten wewerenotdiscouraged Thoughwewerebeated we Oncetasted thedishishardtoforget onceitistasted thedish 4 过去分词做状语与现在分词作状语的区别 过去分词与句子主语构成动宾关系或被动关系 现在分词与句子主语构成主谓关系或主动关系 Usedforalongtime thebooklooksold Usingthebook ifindituseful fromthetop thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest fromthespace theastronautcannotdiscovertheGreatWall AseeingBseen Seen Seeing