非谓语动词做状语.ppt

Welcometoourclass 非谓语动词 过去分词v ed 不定式todo 动名词 现在分词 Revision 分词 ing形式 动名词 ing 现在分词v ing 动词不定式的使用 Todolikethatisfoolish Iwanttoseeyou Iamtovisityou Hehaslotsofworktodo IstudyhardtoimproveEnglish Theteacheraskmetoanswerthequestion 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 宾补 1 主语swimmingismyhobby 2 宾语Ilikeswimming 3 表语Myhobbyisswimming 4 定语Iwanttobuyaswimmingsuit 动名词可以以下成分 1 表语Themusicismoving 2 定语Idon tlikethepeopletalkingloudlyinpublic 3 宾补Weheardhersinginginherroom 4 状语Readinganewspaper Shesatatthetable 现在分词可以以下成分 1 表语Theteacherismoved 2 定语Idon tlikethemantalkedaboutattheparty 3 宾补Weheardasongsunginherroom 4 状语Lostinanewspaper Shedidn tnoticeme 过去分词可以以下成分 非谓语动词的句法功能 主语 宾语 表语 宾补 定语 状语 主语 宾语 表语 定语 表语 宾补 定语 状语 非谓语动词 不是做谓语的动词 当句中已经有了谓语动词 并且句中没有连词时 需要用非谓语动词了 ThegirlisMary IfIamgivenmoretime I llcatchupwithyou ThegirldancinginthehallisMary Givenmoretime I llcatchupwithyou 主语 系 谓语 表语 非谓语动词 定 非谓语动词 状语 连词 主语 谓语 宾 谓语 Analyzethesentence 划分句子结构 观察下列例句 找出非谓语动词 并且判断做什么成分 1 Askedwhyhedidit hesaiditwashisduty 2 Beingill hedidn tgotoschool 3 Workinghard youwilldowellinyourexams 4 Hisparentsdiedinthewar leavinghimanorphan 5 Theywentintotheroom laughingandtalking 6 TomakemuchprogressinEnglish hestudieshard 观察下列例句 找出非谓语动词 并且判断做什么成分 1 Askedwhyhedidit hesaiditwashisduty 2 Beingill hedidn tgotoschool 3 Workinghard youwilldowellinyourexams 4 Hisparentsdiedinthewar leavinghimanorphan 5 Theywentintotheroom laughingandtalking 6 TomakemuchprogressinEnglish hestudieshard 观察下列例句 找出非谓语动词 并且判断做什么成分 1 Askedwhyhedidit hesaiditwashisduty 2 Beingill hedidn tgotoschool 3 Workinghard youwilldowellinyourexams 4 Hisparentsdiedinthewar leavinghimanorphan 5 Theywentintotheroom laughingandtalking 6 TomakemuchprogressinEnglish hestudieshard 原因状语 条件状语 结果状语 伴随状语 目的状语 时间状语 非谓语动词做状语的形式 doing havingdonedone beingdone havingbeendonetodo tobedone二 做题方法 析句子结构 找逻辑主语 辩逻辑关系 判动词先后三 高考易混点 1 分词作状语 主动 与主句谓语动词同时或基本同时发生 主动 先于谓语动词发生 被动 被动 正在进行 一般作原因状语放句首 被动 先于谓语动词发生 2 不定式做状语 1 Seeingfromthespace theastronautcannotdiscovertheGreatWall 2 Thelawyerlistenedwithfullattention tryingnottomissanypoint 3 Nothavingreceivedareply hedecidedtowriteagain 4 Havingwaitedinthequeueforhalfofanhour theoldmansuddenlyrealizedhehadleftthechequeinthecar 一 doing havingdone做状语主语与非谓语动词为主动关系 havingdone强调动作发生在主句谓语动词之前 Aftertheoldman inthequeueforhalfanhour hesuddenlyrealizedhehad hadwaited 1 Seenfromthetopofthemountain thecitylooksbeautiful 2 Comparedwiththosewholivedintheslums Childrenherearereallylucky 3 Havingbeenseparatedfromothercontinentsformillionsofyears Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountriesintheworld 4 HavingbeenshownaroundtheWaterCube wewerethentakentoseetheBird sNestforthe2008OlympicGames 5 Beingrepaired theaccesstothemuseumislocked 二 done beingdone havingbeendone做状语主语与非谓语动词之间为被动关系 havingbeendone发生在主句谓语动词之前 1 Nottofailtheexamination allthestudentsarestudyinghard 2 Hehurriedtothestation onlytobetoldthatthetrainhadleft 3 Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonlytofindthatalltheticketshadbeensoldout 4 Ifeelgreatlyhonoredtobewelcomedintotheirsociety 三 todo做目的 原因 结果状语tobedone是被动结构 目的状语 结果状语 结果状语 原因状语 表目的 表原因 表结果 不定式作状语 2 不定式做状语 Istudyhard thepeoplewell toserve Toservethepeoplewell Istudyhard 置于句首加强语气 Inordertoservethepeoplewell Istudyhard 更加强语气 Istudyhardsoastoservethepeoplewell 不可用于句首 表目的 Heislucky hereontime toget Iamhappy youagain LiMingseemedwilling that Iamsorry that tosee todo tohear 作原因状语时常修饰表感情的形容词 表示产生这种感情的原因 表原因 Ihurriedtogetthereonlytofindhimout Hehurriedtothestation onlytobetoldthebushadleft 1 onlytodo表示意料之外的结果 2 too to enoughto so asto 表结果 Hisfamilywastoopoortosupporthim Heisoldenoughtogotoschool Thehouseissohighandnarrowastoresembleatower 这房子又高又窄 像一座塔 不定式做状语时应该注意 1 not nevertoo todo too nottodo but onlytoo todo tooreadytodo tooeagertodo表示肯定意义 Heistoocarefulnottohavenoticedthat 他那么小心 肯定会注意到那一点的 Sheistoosadnottohelpcrying 她那么伤心 忍不住哭了 Iamonlytoogladtohelpyou 我很高兴能帮助你 Iamonlynevertoogladtoknowyou 认识你我再高兴不过了 Marywasonlytooreadytohelpothers 玛丽总是乐于助人 Youcannotbetoocarefulwhenyoudrivecar 你开车时无论怎么小心都不过分 1 分词作状语 主动 与主句谓语动词同时或基本同时发生 主动 先于谓语动词发生 被动 被动 正在进行 一般作原因状语放句首 被动 先于谓语动词发生 1 表时间 2 表原因 4 表方式 伴随 5 表结果 现在分词做状语 3 表让步 1 表时间 2 表原因 4 表伴随 5 表结果 过去分词做状语 3 表条件 让步 A 作时间状语 Whentheyheardthebadnews theycouldn thelpcrying hear thebadnews theycouldn thelpcrying Whenweweretakenaroundthecity weweredeeplyimpressedbythecity snewlook When aroundthecity weweredeeplyimpressedbythecity snewlook Afterhefinishedhiswork hewenthome hiswork hewenthome Hearing taken Havingfinished B 作原因状语 Becausehewaspoor hecouldnotaffordtotravelabroad bepoor hecouldnotaffordtotravelabroad encourage byhisheroicdeeds theyworkedharder lose inthought healmostranintoapost frighten bythebigforestfire theanimalsallranaway notknow heraddress wecouldn tgetintouchwithher Beingpoor Encouraged Lost Frightened Notknowing BecauseIhadn treceivedhisletter Idecidedtocallhimup notreceive hisletter Idecidedtocallhimup neverbe tothecity hesoongotlost Nothavingreceived Havingneverbeen C 方式 伴随状语 Shewatchedthefilm weep and sigh Theteacherstoodthere surround byalotofstudents D 作条件状语 IfIweregivenanotherchance Iwouldhavedonethejobfarbetter anotherchance Iwouldhavedonethejobfarbetter If play allday youwillwasteyourvaluabletime weeping sighing surrounded Given Playing E 作结果状语 意料中的结果 Thehuntersfired shoot oneofthewolves Thebuswasheldupbythesnowstorm thus cause thedelay 区别 不定式表示意外的结果Hehurriedtothestation only find thetrainhadleft F 作让步状语 Thoughitheavilyrainedheavily itclearedupverysoon itclearedupverysoon Though tell ofthedanger hestillriskedhislifetosavetheboy shooting causing tofind Rainingheavily told 分词作状语时 需注意 A 分词短语作状语时 它的逻辑主语通常应是 see fromthehill thecityisbeautiful see fromthehill youcanseethewholecity B 分词短语的位置 一般来说 时间 原因 条件 让步等分词短语多放在句首 而表结果 伴随的分词短语放在句尾 Findingthedoorlocked Tomwenthome Tomwenthome findingthedoorlocked 主句的主语 Seen Seeing 原因 结果 二 非谓语动词做状语的解题方法 一 析句子结构 辨别 谓语与非谓语 manytimes buthestillcouldn tunderstandit 2 manytimes hestillcouldn tunderstandit A HavingbeentoldB BeingtoldC HehadbeentoldD Thoughhewastold C A 注意连词 非谓语动词虽不能作谓语 但仍具有动词特点 其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语 二 找逻辑主语 1 Theywentintotheroom laughingandtalking 2 Givenmoretime Icandobetter 一般来说 作状语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是句子的 主语 1 fromthetop thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest A SeeingB Seen2 fromthespace theastronautcannotdiscovertheGreatWall A SeeingB Seen thestadium theastronaut Seen Seeing 1 differentcultures weoftenpayattentiontothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthemainlysimilarities 2 withthesizeofthewholeearth thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall A ComparedB ComparingC Tocompare Comparing we thebiggestocean Wecomparethebiggestoceanwith tothesizeofthewholeocean Thebiggestoceaniscomparedwith tothesizeofthewholeearth 三 辨逻辑关系 即判断主被动 Compared 四 判动词先后 theoldman theyoungpeoplestartedwalkingslowly FollowedB FollowingC TofollowD Havingfollowed2 thefruit thegirlbecamepregnantandgaveabirthtoahandsomeboy HavingswallowedB SwallowingC Toswallow Following Havingswallowed C 1 yourselftosunlightfortoomuchtime youwillgetyourskinsun burnt tosunlightfortoomuchtime yourskinwillbeharmed A ExposedB HavingexposedC ExposingD Afterbeingexposed2 suchheavypollutionalready itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver A HavingsufferedB SufferingC TosufferD Suffered A A Testyourself 3 Theresearchissodesignedthatonce nothingcanbedonetochangeit A beginsB havingbegunC beginningD begun4 Findinghercarstolen A apolicemanwasaskedtohelpB theareawassearchingthoroughlyC itwaslookedforeverywhereD shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp5 Theideaforthenewplancametohismind tohisexperimentinthelab A whiledevotingB whiledevotinghimselfC whilehewasdevotedD whiledevoted D D C 形成性检测1 改写下列句子 其划线部分应改为分词短语 C级 1 Lookroundwhenyoucrossthestreet 2 Whensheheardthenews sheburstintolaughter 3 Asshewasstillratherweak shecouldnotstayupfortoolong 4 Gentlemenalwaysshakehandswhentheyareintroducedtoeachother 5 Acoldrainwasfalling Itwasmixedwithsnow whencrossingthestreet Whenhearingthenews Beingratherweak whenintroducedtoeachother mixedwithsnow 6 Whilewewerewalkinginthestreet wemetsomefriendsofours 7 Theoldmanwalkedslowly Hewassupportedbyhislittlegrandson 8 Thegroundwhichiscoveredwithwhitesnowlooksverybeautiful 9 Thereisatalltreewhichcoverstheentrancetothecave 10 Theworkerwrotetothepoliceanddisclosedwhostolethemoney covering disclosing Bye bye Bye bye Assoonastheyheardthebadnews theycouldn thelpcrying Hearingthebadnews theycouldn thelpcrying Onhearingthebadnews theycouldn thelpcrying doing动作一发生 主句动作立即发生 1 表时间 Whileshewasplayingthepiano shegotveryexcited Whileplayingthepiano shegotveryexcited doing动作进行中 主句动作发生了 这时when或while一般要加上 1 表时间 Havingturnedofftheradio hebegantogooverhislessons Afterturningofftheradio hebegantogooverhislessons Afterhehadturnedofftheradio hebegantogooverhislessons doing动作完成后 主句动作才发生 1 表时间 Asheforgothismanners heputhisfeetuponthedesk Forgettinghismanners heputhisfeetuponthedesk Beingsoangry hecouldn tgotosleep doing动作与主句动作同时或几乎同时发生 Becausehewassoangry hecouldn tgotosleep 2 表原因 Because AshehadbeentotheGreatWallmanytimes hedidn tgolastweek HavingbeentotheGreatWallmanytimes hedidn tgolastweek doing动作发生在主句动作之前 用doing的完成式 2 表原因 Althoughheworkedfrommorningtillnight hedidn tgetenoughfood Althoughworkingfrommorningtillnight hedidn tgetenoughfood although evenif eventhough doing 3 表让步 Theysangandlaughed theycameintotheclassroom Theycameintotheclassroom singingandlaughing 表方式和伴随时 谓语动作是主要的 doing是次要动作 4 表方式 伴随 Thebuswasheldupbythesnowstorm soitcausedthedelay Thebuswasheldupbythesnowstorm causingthedelay 5 表结果 1 表时间 2 表原因 4 表伴随 5 表结果 过去分词做状语 3 表条件 让步 Whenthecityisseenfromthehill itisbeautiful Seenfromthehill thecityisbeautiful 1 表时间 Confusedbythestonesflyingatthemfromallsides theboysranintothebuilding Astheboyswereconfusedbythestonesflyingatthemfromallsides theyranintothebuilding 2 表原因 Eventhoughdefeatedagain thescientistdidn tgiveup 一般来讲 时间 原因 条件 让步状语多放与句首 结果 伴随 方式状语多放在句末 Givenmorewater thefishcouldn tdie 3 表条件 让步 现在分词作状语 doing与句子的主语是主动关系 即主语是doing动作的执行者 过去分词做状语 done与句子的主语是被动关系 即主语是done动作的承受者 分词作状语时前面可用连词 1 when while once if unless though等引导的状语从句 若其主语与主句主语相同时 可保留该副词连接词 其余部分则化简为分词短语 Whilewalkingalongthestreetearlyinthemorning hesawher 一早在街上散步时 他看到了她 Iffallingill I llseemydoctor 如果生病我会去看医生 Oncecompleted thispowerstationsuppliesthenearbytownsandvillageswithelectricity 这个电站一旦建成 将向附近的城乡供电 Eventhoughgiveneveryopportunity theywouldnottry 即使给他们一切机会 他们也不肯试一试 Thoughknowingthetruth heremainedsilent 虽然他知道实情 却保持沉默 Unlessinvited Iamnotgoingabroad 除非受到邀请 要不然我是不会出国的 分词或分词短语作状语时 其逻辑主语必须与句中的主语相同 即保持一致 否则句子是错误的 Enteringtheroom Ifoundthewallsnewly painted 我走进房间时 发现墙壁油漆一新 Enteringtheroom thefirstthingthatmeteyeswasthenewly paintedwalls Badlywounded thesoldierwassenttohospitalatonce 士兵受了重伤 立即被送到医院 Badlywounded wesentthesoldiertohospitalatonce Beingverybusy Icouldnotaffordthetimetogotothecinema 我因为太忙 不能花时间去看电影了 Beingverybusy thefilmticketsweregiventoothers 对 对 对 错 错 错 Theend 非谓语动词做状语的形式 doing havingdonedone havingbeendonetodo tobedone二 做题方法 析句子结构 找逻辑主语 辩逻辑关系 判动词先后三 高考易混点 三 非谓语动词做状语高考易混点 1 only todo和 thus doing做结果状语1 Hisparentsdied himanorphan A leftB leavingC leaveD toleave2 Herushedtothetrainstation only thetrainhadgone A findingB foundC findsD tofind only todo 出乎意料 意料之外 thus doing 顺其自然 意料之中 做结果状语时 2 doing做伴随状语和todo做目的状语1 Thesecretaryworkedlateintonight alongspeech prepare Thesecretaryworkedlateintonight alongspeech 2 Writetotheeditor thattheeditorwouldbeabletohelpher hope preparing hoping toprepare 3 taste feel smell taste 为感官动词 常用现在分词做定语或状语 没有被动语态 1 delicious theapplessellswell A TastedB TastingC TotasteD Havingbeentasted2 sweet theflowersinthebotanicgardenattractedthevisitorstothebeautyofnature A TosmellB SmellingC SmeltD Tobesmelt 4 非谓语动词作状语时 其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致 1 Facedwithabillfor 10 000 2006陕西卷 A JohnhastakenanextrajobB thebosshasgivenJohnanextrajobC anextrajobhasbeentakenD anextrajobhasbeengiventoJohn2 Whilewatchingtelevision 2005全国卷III A thedoorbellrangB thedoorbellringsC weheardthedoorbellringD weheardthedoorbellrings watching Facedwith 3 It ahotday we dbettergoswimming 4 arainyday wedecidednottogothere isB tobeC beingD ItbeingE ItwasF been C E 注意标点符号 When help oneoftensays CanIhelpyou A offeringB toofferC tobeofferedD offered2 When help oneoftensays Thankyou or It skindofyou A offeringB toofferC tobeofferedD offered3 Generallyspeaking accordingtothedirections thedrughasnoside effect A whentakingB whentakenC whentotakeD whentobetaken4 WhilewatchingTV A ThedoorbellrangB weheardthedoorbellringsC WeheardthedoorbellringD thedoorbellrings 非谓语动词的三种基本形式 二 句式特点 句子句子 三 做题方法 析句子结构 找逻辑主语 辩逻辑关系 判动词先后四 高考考点 doing done todo 2 inthemountainsforaweek thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice A HavinglostB LostC BeinglostD Losing thetwostudents 三 辨逻辑关系 Youcan tcatchme Janeshouted away A runB runningC torunD ran2 blackandblue theladycouldn tmove A BeatenB BeatingC TobebeatenD Tobeat Jane 判断主被动 3 考察 be 过去分词 介词1 withsomuchtrouble wefailedtocompletethetaskontime 四川2006 A FacedB FaceC FacingD Toface2 somuchtrouble wefailedtocompletethetaskontime 选项同上 3 inthemountainsforaweek wewerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice A HavinglostB LosingC BeinglostD Lost4 inawhiteuniform helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor dress Facing Dressed Findoutsomesentencesabout 非谓语动做状语 fromthereadingandtheusinglanguage 1 Havingcollectedandevaluatedtheinformation Ihelpotherscientiststopredictwherelavafromvolcanowillflownextandhowfast 2 Havingearliercollectedspecialclothesfrontheobservatory weputthemonbeforewewentanycloser 3 Havingswallowedthefruit thegirlbecamepregnantandgaveabirthtoahandsomeboy 考察 be 过去分词 介词1 withsomuchtrouble wefailedtocompletethetaskontime 四川2006 A FacedB FaceC FacingD Toface2 somuchtrouble wefailedtocompletethetaskontime 选项同上 3 inthemountainsforaweek wewerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice A HavinglostB LosingC BeinglostD Lost4 inawhiteuniform helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor dress Facing Dressed bythebeautyofnature thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarm A AttractingB AttractedC TobeattractedD Havingattracted2 writingthearticle MrsCurieevenforgotherdinner A AbsorbedinB AbsorbinginC HavingabsorbedbyD Toabsorbin 连词 分词 状语从句的省略 1 Hewon tattendhisweddingevenif A beinginvitedB invitedC tobeinvitedD havinginvited2 When help oneoftensays CanIhelpyou A offeringB toofferC tobeofferedD offered3 Theflowershisfriendgavehimwilldieunless everyday 四川2007 A wateredB wateringC waterD towater theirhatsintotheair thefansofthewinningteamletoutloudshoutsofvictory A TothrowB ThrownC ThrowingD Havingthrow doing havingdone 区别 非谓语动词动作早于主句主语 有明显的先后顺序 非谓语动词动作与主句主语几乎同时发生 AfterIhadfinishedthework Iwentoutwithmyfriends 变成非谓语动词作状语 Iwentoutwithmyfriends 2 inthequeueforhalfofanhour theoldmansuddenlyrealizedhehadleftthechequeinthecar A WaitingB TowaitC HavingwaitedD Tohavewaited3 09四川 manytimes hefinallyunderstoodit A toldB tellingC havingtoldD havingbeentold Havingfinishedthework 4 非谓语动词作状语时 其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致 1 Facedwithabillfor 10 000 2006陕西卷 A JohnhastakenanextrajobB thebosshasgivenJohnanextrajobC anextrajobhasbeentakenD anextrajobhasbeengiventoJohn2 Whilewatchingtelevision 2005全国卷III A thedoorbellrangB thedoorbellringsC weheardthedoorbellringD weheardthedoorbellrings watching Facedwith 观察下列例句 找出非谓语动词 并且判断做什么成分 1 Askedwhyhedidit hesaiditwashisduty 2 Beingill hedidn tgotoschool 3 Workinghard youwilldowellinyourexams 4 Hisparentsdiedinthewar leavinghimanorphan 5 Theywentintotheroom laughingandtalking 6 TomakemuchprogressinEnglish hestudieshard 原因状语 条件状语 结果状语 伴随状语 目的状语 时间状语 听到你成功戒烟了我非常高兴 面的着巨大的压力 很多人用吸烟来放松自己 吸烟不仅危害了我们的健康 而且对那些不吸烟的人也造成了伤害 意识到吸烟的潜在危害性 现在越来越多的人开始重视他们的身体健康 Translateashortparagraph Firstly translateitbyyourselves You dbetterusethesentencepatternswehavelearntthisclass Thendiscusswithyourpartnersifnecessary 听到你成功戒烟了我非常高兴 面的着巨大的压力 很多人用吸烟来放松自己 吸烟不仅危害了我们的健康 而且对那些不吸烟的人也造成了伤害 意识到吸烟的潜在危害性 现在越来越多的人开始重视他们的身体健康 Firstly takeoutapieceofpaperandtranslatethefollowingparagraph Afterfinishingit youcanexchangeitwithyourpartners Iamveryhappytohearthatyouquitsmoking Facedwiththegreatpressure alotofpeoplesmokecigarettestorelaxthemselves Itisnotonlyharmfultoourhealth butalsodoesdamagetothenon smokers Havingrealizedthepotentialdangerofsmoking moreandmorepeoplevaluetheirphysicalhealth 考点总结 done havingdone连词 doing donebe done 介词onlytodo和thusdoing做结果状语doing做伴随状语与todo做结果状语感官动词 不及物动词 观察下列例句 思考划线部分作用 1 Thisisaninterestingbook 2 Themansittingbythewindowisourmathsteacher 3 Seeingtheteacherenteringtheroom thestudentsstoodup 4 Isawtheboywalkingonthestreetyesterday 5 Playingfootballishisfavoritesport 6 Ididn tstopworkinglastnight 7 MyworkisteachingEnglish 定语 定语 时间状语 宾补 主语 宾语 表语