外文翻译-急倾斜煤层上综采

1The emergency is slopeed on the coal bed to sum up to pluckThe slanting coal bed is asked for a few minutes component that the slanting coal bed roof pressure uprightness hurried actes as to be used on stand either the coal post than postponeing ，But greatly along component that slopes the action ，The plank at coal bed peak base wholly slips along the trend probably ，The stand stability is bad ，As a result ading the complexity that extraction and sheltered work.Face pedestrian mines coal 、Transport stuff 、Coal drops 、Shelter 、The various workman sequence operation is collecting spece area handle and so on wholly comparatively more difficult ，Add the difficulty that the mechanize was mined coal .Oridinarily ， Hurry that the slanting coal bed has wholly udergo that the intense geology alters ， The geological structure is more complex ，The surrounding rock term is bader ；Mining coal beside , the face carryes forward velocity slowly ，Extraction leading is leted drop .As a result heads for length and asks for a few minutes than postponeing the slanting coal bed in the collecting area .The key that successful in the great dip coal bed ordinary set of use being living was mined coal is properly resolving the good coal_winning machine 、Conveyer and stand antisliping problem .Guard against the main step of coal_winning machine glide slope station from possesing ：（1）Revising as the coal_winning machine anchor chain draws and gurrantees rated tractive effort ；（2）Being living the level fixs the secure windlass antisliping ，Supplementarily draw the coal_winning machine ；（3）When the plank conveyer is fleeced in the slanting coal bed face of 450 left and right sides emergency in case being living ， The coal_winning machine is fixed the staff antisliping .The face conveyer step antisliping possess ：（1）Nose and tail all solder antisliping to fix the post pedestal admittedly ，Strikeing firmly antislips to fix admittedly the post ；（2）Being living the level installs the windlass antisliping ；2（3）Have to sticing to moves when being living the transportation conveyer afterwards moves the order down earlier ，Move the tail to fix upper part in face admittedly earlier ，Move the middle part trough again .The middle part trough ought to add the provisional post to fix admittedly by the burst .Guarding against the face stand glide slope station step is ：Adopt brining the base beam three posts parallel face shacks ，Liang Tou is docked ；Build the treadle antisliping between two rows of posts .With personnel staff old and young and the task doing being convenient for .The synthesis is mined coal , and necessary installation consists of twin cylinder coal_winning machines 、Support style hydraulic pressure stand 、The emulsify fluid pump awaits .Composition and technique feature that the cylinder coal_winning machine is mined coal In 1976 manufactures experimently out MJW-80s mould coal_winning machine the March ，Such main master succeeds partly to be possess ：Electric motor ，Box decelerates ，Cylinder ，Low wheel stand ，The stand is in turn in the peak ，Suspending hoists the set ，Slips to sled and so on .The action that the stand is in turn in the peak is the cutting depth that causes the coal_winning machine maintain specified .The base wheel stand action is transferring to a lower level the direction in the interest of the coal_winning machine along the coal breastwork in face ， Moreover avert the coal_winning machine to topple over .Sliing the action which sledd is decreasing the obstruction that the coal_winning machine is living the plank slip at base ，Moreover cause cylinder tooth-tip together with coal bed base plank maintain the specified distance ，Avert the cylinder to cut the photographic plate in coal bed .Cylinder coal_winning machine fixing up of face .Elder 4050s rice of face ，Along slopes to fix up ， Along heads for carry forward .Practice proof ，Cut in the process ，The face will take shape against heads for the slant face that the string succeeds 8085s degree angle of intersection certainly （Upper part is leaded ） 。Draw outside the coal_winning machine adopts the means ，Drawing the windlass fixs in the recirculation air alley inner place .The natural law shelves are build up in the upper site in face ， Used to remove directing towards to the coal_winning machine .The guide of coal_winning machine joins with a hinge against the 3hydraulic pressure stand ，Pass in the way of the hoisting jack .Moving an order is transportation from bottom to top .Extraction technology The main dependence self-esteem of coal_winning machine is feed ，Through gets off but goes up along the plank at base cuts the coal ，The coal on peak randomly sends out by self .The coal_winning machine competent till the face extremity is ，Cease to draw voluntarily .Afterwards ，By the coal_winning machine transfers to a lower level up the face gets off the extremity ，Dealing with to in turn the sky shelf newly removes forward to lay equal stress on ，Be underway down more once severring the coal .The coal that the face is plucked gets off the extremity since gliding up the face ，Along the alley on slope glide to carry in the alley transport aircraft 。The coal_winning machine burden electric cable is fixd synchronously ruing together against drawing the cord admittedly .In the extraction process ，The face is not underway sheltering ，Since the fact that the surrounding rock is comparatively steadyd ，The extraction perioc does not oridinarily send out .Synthetical mechanize is mined coal Being living to sum up plucks inner place the face ，Mine coal by the use cylinder coal_winning machine ，Sheltering piece tries out the distinct shapes mechanize stand ，In case the entirety removes the curve screen stand （Abbreviation curve stand ） ，Self moves curve screen stand and the screen style hydraulic pressure stand and awaits the sectioning The curve stand - cylinder coal_winning machine is sum up to pluck That installation succeeds through below three section masters chiefly ：Curve stand ， The cylinder coal_winning machine is with draws installation The curve stand is may entirety the person who removes the rigid structure 。Makes in the way of the H-beam in the mine in the way of 25.4 state-owned jin of /s rice of stand base beam ，The uprightness is build to the face ，Per is brief 0.8 meter elder ， Along slopes 0.4 meter of clearance .Remove obstruction in order to decrease ，Liang Jianshe at base possess two rows of local villains .The H-beam is employd in the mine that Quan Chang of base beam top along the face build five rows of /s rice of 25.4 state-owned jin ，In it near the face three rows as the coal_winning machine the track ，Two rows near the collecting spece area feed 4that propping up the curve H-beam employ .Be living over the curve H-beam ，Build thick 13s millimetre plate in the interest of shelters the plank .The horn is sheltered in the way of angle iron in the curve H-beam peak .Curve .The curve stand extremity going up is go up the extremity and is sheltered the plank .The curve stand gets off the extremity to join with a hinge against sleing the plank .The cylinder coal_winning machine consists of the electric motor of 17 kilowatts ， One decelerates the box ，And cylinder .The cylinder diameter possess 970 ，1170The millimetre is two kinds ，Severring very possess 250 ，200，150The millimetre is 3 kinds .That the recirculation air alley reaches leades in with the trough ，Builds up 5.5 kilowatts of prop drawing one in windlasses respectively ，Used to draw the coal_winning machine with removes the curve stand .Thick 1.01.5s rice of the coal of face ，Coal bed dip 5664s degree ，Slanting elder 1135s rice of face ，On the basis of practice effect ，Optimumly slantingly develop in the interest of 1525s rice .Before the coal_winning machine is mined coal ，Earlier in the way of the hand pick extraction engine nest .Queen is locateed by the coal_winning machine ，In immediate future may be living windlass draws secondly ，Through below upwards cuts the coal .The coal plucked gos into gliding the little aperture of coal since gliding ，Transport out after fleecing the plank transport aircraft again .Pluck through sword queen ，By the coal_winning machine transfers to a lower level up the face gets off the extremity .Afterwards ，Old and young draws the curve stand and moves to the coal breastwork by the windlass ， Go on cutting the coal .Accepts when acting as in extraction face ，Dimolish the curve stand from bottom to top .Self moves curve screen stand - cylinder coal_winning machine and sums up to pluck two sectionings The above-mentioned defect removing the curve screen stand in order to overcome entirety ，Adoping the sectioning , self moves the curve screen stand and reaches such cylinder coal_winning machine .The sectioning self to move the curve screen stand act as the stiff stand ，Is not being used for directly propping up the roof with slices the peak .Such main component part possess ：Pedestal ，Curve beam ，Screen plank ，Prop ，That the direction joins to reach moves a hydraulic pressure hoisting jack to await .The pedestal through has joined against 5face uprightness and parallel two seriess of mines in the way of the H-beam ，In it act as the coal_winning machine track concurrently in the way of the H-beam near two rows of mines on the coal breastwork .The curve beam gets off the extremity to be solidityd scheduled to the pedestal ，Middle upper part is in the way of the crossbeam against its uprightness even together .Curve Liang Yuqi wholly adopts the mine to manufacture in the way of the H-beam by the crossbeam .The screen plank takes to ward off the waste action ，Its slight plate through thick 34s millimetre is make ，Solidity the curve beam on in the way of the screw .The preceding extremity of curve beam is living ，Be getting near the taut screen plank in the way of steel band either angle iron .Prop use 766The seamless steel tube of millimetre is make ，Install crossbeam and pedestal between .Emploing to have gyro wheel direction between the sectioning of stand joins being linked together .Moves a hydraulic pressure hoisting jack to be the stand self the person who moves main apparatus ，The sure enough is invariably antisliped inner place the plank below joint part that it sets up to the stand sectioning along with the stand .Entire stand lower part ，There is the plank invariably antisliping ，Used to stand complete glide slope station force of stand ，Moreover the most second one length of removing orientation of stand of control .Its reason “Sedan ”，Bring guide plank sleing and hydraulic pressure hoisting jack to make up .“Sedan ”The top together with the most second one length of stand joins with a hinge ，The next is packed four wheels and is ride to be living sleing on the plank guide .The rails in the way of 43 state-owned jin of /s rice of guide is make ，Sleing the plank fixs to be living leading with the base plank of trough .The coal_winning machine is ride the stand track on and is rund .Before mining coal ， First of all being living , gets off the extremity and turns on the good engine nest in the face .Afterwards the coal is cut in the coal_winning machine upriver ，The hollow range is transferred to a lower level .Deal with the coal_winning machine to transfer to a lower level when the lower part of face ，Move the shelf more from bottom to top .Beginning moves hour ，The plank hydraulic pressure hoisting jack earlier emploing invariably to antislip is sledd the guide that the plank peak comees out ，Afterwards remove next first length of stand .When moving that length of stand ，Plank hydraulic pressure hoisting jack invariably antislips “Accept vat ”Draw 6that length of stand with forward ；Meanwhile ， In the way of first ，Moving hoisting jack between two lengths of stands pushes first length of stand forward .Now ，First length of stand is living ，Hoisting jack of below site pushes to draw along with the rear to send out , and the waste side thrust action is geted off ，Move before may achieving .Henceforth ，In the way of the analogous means ，Every sectioning over removing successively stand .The main problem that this law is a stand Gong ，Some props ，Connector cracks .In the interest of resolves these issues ，Puing out the screen style hydraulic pressure stand - cylinder coal_winning machine sums up to pluck installation .Three screen style hydraulic pressure stand - cylinder coal_winning machine Single post style screen style hydraulic pressure stand - cylinder coal_winning machine Equally thickness in face is 1.1 meters of dip 5660s degrees 。In the interest of the compensation stand micro glide slope station ，The fake slanting condition that leades into the lower part is fixed up in the face ，The fake slanting included angle that face together with coal bed slope between the string is in the interest of 56s degree .The hydraulic pressure stand uprightness is fixed up to the coal breastwork .47 meters of Quan Chang in the face ，Is living upper part slanting elder 16.5 meters inner place the limit install 16 lengths of single post style screen style hydraulic pressure stands ，The made of wood prop stand yet employd in the work of the lower part .Per two hydraulic pressure stands join in the way of the direction even succeeing one series .Moving a means adopts the sectioning to move the shelf from bottom to top .Face use self-control 30 kilowatts of cylinder coal_winning machines are mined coal ，Drawing the means inner place the coal_winning machine adopts draws .That installation havees safe and reliablely ，Strongs point such as labour intensity base and so on .Yet also being some stand components injures easily ，Lean before the stand ， The coal_winning machine severs very （0.8Rice ）Against moves Bu Jus adaption is harmfully along with the coal_winning machine problem such as runs not firmly and so on .Twin post screen style hydraulic pressure stands -Cylinder coal_winning 7machine Twin post screen style hydraulic pressure stands -The cylinder coal_winning machine is sum up to pluck installation is living that the single post style screen style hydraulic pressure stand - cylinder coal_winning machine is sum up to pluck and is improved on the installation base .Twin post screen style hydraulic pressure stands ，Too calling brief the supporting with the hand beam thrusts the leg screen style hydraulic pressure stand ， It is main through supports with the hand the beam ，Pedestal ，The components constitute hoisting jack of hydraulic pressure prop with moves and so on Hydraulic pressure stand every sectioning ，Being living joins even together in the way of the direction on the face .Moving the shelf dives out length being underway from bottom to top .Horizontal three posts of hydraulic pump in the interest of XRBs mould are squeezeed in the emulsify fluid pump ，70 liters of rate of flow /s branch ，Pressure 150 state-owned jin of /s centimetres 2 .The fuel tank is in the interest of XRSs mould emulsion box ，The volume is 640 liters .Being living , is separately install the coal_winning machine security windlass in recirculation air alley and transportation alley ，The taut cord windlass is one different .Before the coal_winning machine is mined coal ，Act good face old and youngs engine nest earlier ，The coal_winning machine is mined coal according to the upriver ， Means work that the hollow range is transferred to a lower level .Up the transport aircraft alley in the transport aircraft transporting out of the coal of extraction since glides .Practice makes known ：Hurry that the thick coal bed of slanting Bao Jizhong employs to sum up plucking the set to mine coal and remarkbly cut down the labour intensity of worker ，Lift labour productivity ； Being living , the hydraulic pressure is doed below the stand ，The roof fall mishap easily not happen ，It is safe and reliable ；The yield in face be able to be liftd ，Consumption of degradution stuff ；Be able to lift the extraction in coal quality and face leads ；This kind is mined coal that the means is the development orientation in the days to come ，Yet the installation being living is at the moment prepareed to go up the application yet being a lot the problem ，Await to improve further .Reference ：8Xu Yongqi edits The coal mine is extractd studying Chinese mining industry university press 1999Li Qifeng edits The exploitation in coal bed is slopeed to the emergency Coal industry press 1984Xu Yongqi edits The technique is developed together with the prospect coal journal is extractd that in the sbterranean in coal mine 19979急倾斜煤层上综采摘要：我国开采急斜煤层的产量比重不大，据1996年统计，国有重点煤矿开采急斜煤层的产量占3.73%。由于开采急斜煤层有一些特殊困难，在采煤机械化和改善生产技术经济指标方面都还存在不少问题。关键字： 急倾斜 煤层 机械化Summary：The our country mines the yield specific weight of the nasty and inclined coal seam not very, according to 1996 covariance, the state-owned point coal mine mines the yield of the nasty and inclined coal seam occupies 3.73%.Because mining nasty and inclined coal seam contain special some difficulty, at adopt coal mechanization with improve to produce the economic index sign in technique to all still exsits not a few problems.Key word：Nasty inclination Coal seam Mechanization急斜煤层采煤的主要特点如下：急斜煤层顶板压力垂直作用于支架或煤柱上的分力比缓斜煤层要小，而沿倾斜作用的分力要大，煤层顶底板都有可能沿倾向滑动，支架稳定性差，因而增加了回采和支护工作的复杂性。采煤工作面的行人、运料、落煤、支护、采空区处理等各项工序的操作都比较困难，增加了机械化采煤的难度。一般来说，急斜煤层都经历过强烈的地质变动，地质构造较复杂，围岩条件较差；再加上采煤工作面推进速度慢，采出率较低。因而采区走向长度比缓斜煤层要小。在大倾角煤层中成功的使用普通机组采煤的关键是妥善地解决好采煤机、输送机和支架的防滑问题。防止采煤机下滑的主要措施有：将采煤机改为锚链牵引并保证额定牵引力；在上平巷安装防滑安全绞车，辅助牵引采煤机；在45 0左右的急斜煤层工作面设刮板输送机时，采煤机安装防滑杆。工作面输送机的防滑措施有：机头和机尾均焊有防滑固定柱底座，打牢防滑固定柱；在上平巷安设防滑绞车；在移置输送机时必须遵守先移上后移下的顺序，先移并固定工作面上部的机10尾，再移中部槽。中部槽应分段增加临时柱固定。防止工作面支架下滑的措施是：采用带底梁的一梁三柱平行工作面棚子，梁头对接；两排柱间铺设防滑脚踏板。以便于工作人员上下和作业。综合采煤配套设备包括双滚筒采煤机、支撑式液压支架、乳化液泵等。滚筒采煤机采煤的结构和技术特征1976年3月试制出MJW-80型采煤机，其主要主成部分有：电动机，减速箱，滚筒，低轮支架，顶轮支架，悬吊装置，滑橇等。顶轮支架的作用是使采煤机保持一定的切割深度。底轮支架的作用是为采煤机沿工作面煤壁下放导向，并避免采煤机倾倒。滑橇的作用是减少采煤机在底板滑动的阻力，并使滚筒齿尖与煤层底板保持一定距离，避免滚筒切割煤层底版。滚筒采煤机工作面的布置。工作面长4050米，沿倾斜布置，沿走向推进。实践证明，切割过程中，工作面将自然形成与走向线成8085度交角的斜面（上部超前） 。采煤机采用外牵引方式，牵引绞车安装在回风巷内。工作面上方设天伦架，用于对采煤机移动进行导向。采煤机的导轨与液压支架铰接，用千斤顶推移。移架顺序是自下而上移置。回采工艺采煤机主要依靠自重进刀，由下而上沿底板进行割煤，顶煤随机自行冒落。采煤机行至工作面上端是，自动停止牵引。然后，将采煤机下放到工作面下端，待将天轮架向前移动并重新加以固定后，再进行下一次截煤。工作面采落的煤自溜到工作面下端，沿斜坡巷溜入运输巷的运输机中。采煤机的负荷电缆与牵引绳固定在一起同步运行。回采过程中，工作面不进行支护，由于围岩比较稳定，回采期间一般不冒落。综合机械化采煤在综采工作面内，采煤使用滚筒采煤机，支护则试用不同形式的机械化支架，如整体移动弧形掩护支架（简称弧形支架） ，分节自移弧形掩护支架和掩护式液压支架等弧形支架-滚筒采煤机综采该设备主要由以下三部分主成：弧形支架，滚筒采煤机和牵引设备弧形支架是可以整体移动的刚性结构。支架的底梁用25.4公斤/米的矿用工字钢制成，垂直于工作面铺设，每根长约0.8米，沿倾斜间距0.4米。为了减少移动阻力，底梁间设有两排地棍。底梁上面沿工作面全长铺设五排25.4公斤/米的矿用工字钢，其中靠工作面的三排作为采煤机的跑道，靠采空区的两排11供支撑弧形工字钢用。在弧形工字钢的上面，铺设厚13毫米的钢板为护板。弧形工字钢的顶端用角钢护角。弧形。弧形支架的上端设有上端护板。弧形支架下端与橇板铰接。滚筒采煤机包括一个17千瓦的电动机，一个减速箱，和一个滚筒。滚筒直径有970，1170毫米两种，截深有250，200，150毫米三种。回风巷及超前顺槽中，各设5.5千瓦回柱绞车一台，用于牵引采煤机和移动弧形支架。工作面的煤厚1.01.5米，煤层倾角5664度，工作面斜长1135米，根据实践效果，最佳斜长为1525米。采煤机采煤之前，先用手镐采出机窝。采煤机定位后，即可在上绞车的牵引下，由下向上割煤。采落的煤炭自溜进入溜煤小眼，再经刮板运输机运出。采完一刀后，将采煤机下放到工作面下端。然后，上下绞车牵引弧形支架移向煤壁，继续割煤。回采工作面收作时，自下而上拆除弧形支架。分节自移弧形掩护支架-滚筒采煤机的综采为了克服整体移动弧形掩护支架的上述缺点，采用了分节自移弧形掩护支架及其滚筒采煤机。分节自移弧形掩护支架为刚性支架，不是用来直接支撑顶板和切顶。其主要组成部分有：底座，弧形梁，掩护板，支柱，导向接头及移架液压千斤顶等。底座由与工作面垂直和平行的两组矿用工字钢连接而成，其中靠煤壁的两排矿用工字钢兼作采煤机跑道。弧形梁下端固定于底座，中上部用一根与它垂直的横梁连在一起。弧形梁与其横梁都采用矿用工字钢制作。掩护板起挡矸石作用，它由厚34毫米的薄钢板制成，用螺钉固定于弧形梁上。在弧形梁的前端，用扁钢或角钢压紧掩护板。支柱用766毫米的无缝钢管制成，安设于横梁和底座之间。支架的分节之间用带有滚轮的导向接头相连。移架液压千斤顶是支架自移的主要用具，它分设于支架分节的连接处以及支架下端的总防滑板内。整个支架的下部，设有总防滑板，用于承受支架全部下滑力，并控制最下一节支架的移动方向。它由“小车” ，带导轨的橇板及液压千斤顶组成。 “小车”的上面与最下一节支架铰接，下面装有四个轮子骑在橇板的导轨上。导轨用43公斤/米的钢轨制成，橇板安装在超前顺槽的底板上。采煤机骑在支架的跑道上运行。采煤前，首先在工作面下端开好机窝。然后采煤机上行割煤，空程下放。待采煤机下放到工作面下部时，再自下而上进行移架。开始移架时，先用总防滑板的液压千斤顶将导轨橇板顶出，然后移动下面第一节支架。移该节支架时，总防滑板的液压千斤顶“收缸”以向前牵引该节12支架；与此同时，用第一，二节支架间的移架千斤顶向前推第一节支架。此时，第一节支架在上，下方千斤顶的推拉以及后方冒落矸石的侧推力作用下，可实现前移。此后，用类似的方法，依次移动以上各分节的支架。此法存在的主要问题是支架拱起，某些支柱，接头断裂。为解决这些问题，推出了掩护式液压支架-滚筒采煤机综采设备。掩护式液压支架-滚筒采煤机单柱式掩护式液压支架-滚筒采煤机工作面平均厚度为1.1米倾角5660度。为补偿支架微量的下滑，工作面布置成下部超前的伪斜状态，工作面与煤层倾斜线间的伪斜夹角为56度。液压支架垂直于煤壁布置。工作面全长47米，在上部斜长16.5米的范围内安设了16节单柱式掩护式液压支架，下部的工作仍用木支柱支架。每两架液压支架用导向接头连成一组。移架方式采用自下而上分节移架。工作面用自制的30千瓦滚筒采煤机采煤，采煤机采用内牵引方式牵引。该设备具有安全可靠，劳