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2019年中考英语阅读理解金享选（6）第一篇（2019中考科普环保类选练）Think of all the things you throw away：juice bottles，soda cans，candy coversIt adds upHow much rubbish do you produce? Americans throw away about 1 ton of rubbish per person every yearThats 2000 pounds of rubbish! Most of the rubbish gets covered in big holes in the round called landfills(垃圾掩埋法) A lot of this rubbish can be recycled，or turned back to something usefulThe main things we recycle today are made of metal and paper People recycle for many reasonsOne of the main reasons is to protect resources(资源)Making new cans out of old ones means less aluminum(铝) is needed for new cans This leads to a second reason people recycle：it saves energyRecycling old aluminum cans take much less energy than making new aluminumTo make new aluminum，you need to mine metal ore(矿石) from the ground，remove it，and refine it，into a finished metal Recycling also protects valuable landBy recycling，we produce less rubbishThat means fewer landfills are needed for dropping our rubbishBecause metals are some what costly to make，they are the worlds most recycled materialsAbout two-thirds of all steel(钢) is recycled Almost all drink cans are made of aluminumAmericans recycle about one-third of their used aluminum cansEmpty cans are sent to special factoriesThere，they are cleaned，melted，and made into new pieces of aluminum Americans use lots of paper mostly in the form of newspapers，magazines，and cardboard boxesIn fact，paper takes up more space in landfills than any other material Old paper can be cut and made are into new paperAmericans recycle a little more than one-third of their paper rubbishNew papers are made from trees，each ton of recycled paper saves about 17 trees!1. You can most probably read the passage in _Aa science book Ba Chinese book Ca history book Da geography book2. Which material isnt mentioned in the passage?A. Paper B. Metal C. Wood D. Water3. Why do people recycle rubbish?ATo protect resources because its hard to make new resourcesBIt can save energy，because the resources are limited(有限)CTo protect valuable land，because there is no place to bury rubbishDTo protect resources，save energy and protect valuable land4. Which of the following is RIGHT?APeople recycle paper from the trees BPapers take up less space in the landfillsCAmericans recycle a little more than 1/3 of their paper rubbishDTo recycle paper cant protect the environment5. The main idea of the passage is _ATo let us know it is a big job to deal with rubbish B.To explain the reasons for rubbish recycleCTo describe how to recycle metal and paper D. To explain how to recycle rubbish and why to do so参考答案ADDCB 第二篇Last Sunday I saw the worst storm（暴风雨）in years It came suddenly and went on for more than three hours After lunch, I went into my room to have a rest. The air was hot, and all was quiet Then strong wind started blowing into my room Pieces of paper on my desk flew high into the air and some flew out of the open window As I ran out to catch them, big drops of rain began to fall. When I came back into the house, it was raining harder and harder I tried very hard to close the window Then I heard a loud crashing（碰撞的）sound from the back of the house. I ran out of my room to rind out what it was, a big tree had fallen down and broken the top of the back room.1Before the storm, the weather was _ Acold Bcool Cwarm Dhot2The wind blew some of the paper _ Aall over the floor Bout of the door Cinto the back room Dout of the open window3The top of the back room was broken because of _ Athe strong Bthe falling tree Cthe rain Dthe crashing sound参考答案1.D 2.D 3.B 第三篇Light travels at a speed which is about a million times faster than the speed of sound. You can get some idea of this difference by watching the start of a race. If you stand some distance away from the starter, you can see smoke from his gun before the sound reaches your ears. This great speed of light produces some strange facts Sunlight takes about 8 minutes to reach us If you look at the light of the moon tonight, remember that the light rays left the moon 1.3 seconds before they reached you The nearest star is so far away that the light that you can see from it tonight started to travel towards you four years ago at a speed of nearly 2 million km. per minute. In some cases, the light from one of tonights stars had started on its journey to you before you were born. Thus, if we want to be honest, we cant say, The stars are shining tonight We have to say instead, The stars look pretty They were shining four years ago, but their light has only just reached the earth.1Light speed is _ sound speed Aas fast as Ba million times slower than Cabout millions of times faster than Dabout a million times faster than2If you stand 200 metres away from a man who is firing a gun to start a race, you will find out that _Ayou can hear the sound before you see the smokeBthe sound does not travel as fast as lightCthe sound will reach you before the man firesDsound travels about a million times faster than light3Sunlight obviously（明显地）_ than the light of the moonAhas to travel a greater distance Bmoves less quicklyCtravels much more quickly Dis less powerful（有力的）4The scientific way of saying The stars are shining tonight should be _Athe stars have been shining all the timeBthe stars seen tonight will shine four years laterCthe stars were shining long ago but seen tonightDthe starlight seen today could be seen four years ago参考答案1.D 2.B 3.A 4.C 第四篇“全民阅读”策略The Chinese government has a policy called “Nationwide Reading”， a movement to develop better reading habits among the population.Realizing the importance of reading in national strength, China has gradually raised “Nationwide Reading” as a national strategyThere are still problems, however, such as a lower reading rate compared with the worlds main countries, less public resources, and mixed quality of reading materials. A national survey showed that Chinese read 3.26 ebooks and 4.58 paper books on average in xx, compared with an average of 16 books in Europe and the United States. The United States introduced the Reading Excellence Act in 1998 and the No Child Left Behind Act in 2002. The Republic of Korea and Japan have also introduced laws to call on reading.Our country encourages schools, colleges and universities to open their libraries to the public, and calls on bookstores to offer reading space and organize reading for customers.Reading is not just an important professional skill. It is also a way to enjoy informative(教育性的), creative, and inspiring works in literature that enrich our life experiences. Like any skill worth mastering, a reading habit requires time and dedication to develop. It is, however, a lifelong source of enjoyment and entertainment and a good hobby for anyone who wants to pick up a book.1. What is “Nationwide Reading”？A. Its a movement to buy books. B. Its a movement to go to the libraries.C. Its a movement to join reading clubs. D. Its a movement to develop better reading habits.2. China has gradually raised “Nationwide Reading” because _A. reading is important in national strengthB. there are many problems in readingC. Chinese read fewer books than Europeans and AmericansD. Japan and America introduced laws to call on reading3. What does the underlined word “strategy” in the passage mean in Chinese?A. 方法 B. 策略 C. 形式 D. 基金4. Our country encourages schools, colleges and universities to _ in order to raise “Nationwide Reading”A. open their libraries to the public B. offer reading spaceC. provide books for free D. volunteer to teach the public5. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. Reading is a waste of time. B. Reading is hard to do.C. Reading is an important hobby. D. Reading is difficult for kids.【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国政府提倡“全民阅读”的国策，政府已经认识到了培养国民阅读习惯的重要性，但是此策略在实施中仍存在很多问题。1. D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：“全民阅读”是什么？根据第一段可知全民阅读是培养全民更好的阅读习惯的运动。故选D。2. A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：中国逐渐提升“全民阅读”是因为_。根据第二段第一句“Realizing the importance of reading in national strength.”可知答案为A项。3. B【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：文中划线单词“strategy”的汉语意思是什么？根据全文的介绍可知“全民阅读”是一个国家战略或者策略。因此选B。4. A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为了提高“全民阅读”，我们国家鼓励学校、学院和大学_。根据文章第四段“Our country encourages schools, colleges and universities to open their libraries to the public, and calls on bookstores to offer reading space and organize reading for customers.”可知应选A。5. C【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇文章的主旨大意是什么？本文主要讲了阅读是一项重要的技能，阅读习惯需要好好培养，故选C。第五篇阅读下面短文或图表，并选择正确答案。 Water is a limited natural resource that must be protected; it is limited in many places. Even if you live in an area with enough rainfall, using water uses energy to process(加工) it. Here are some tips on saving water at home. Install a water meter(安装水表). You might be very surprised to find out how much water you are actually using. By installing a water meter you can raise your attention so that you will reduce your water use. Many water meters have a small wheel that turns quite rapidly if any water at all is running. If you are sure all your water is turned off and you see this wheel moving at all, you have a leak(漏水). Take shorter showers. Take showers rather than baths. By taking a bath you are using up to 100 liters of water! Showering will generally use less than a third of this amount. Catch the cold water that comes out of the tap or shower while you are waiting for the hot water. Use it to water plants or pour into your toilet reservoir. Turn the tap off while you are brushing your teeth, shaving, washing your hands, doing dishes, and so on. Turn the tap off when you shower, too. Get wet, then turn off the water while you soap up. Turn it back on for long enough to wash. Look for a twist vale that is installed behind your shower head to keep the water temperature where you set it while the water is off. Wash full loads. Wait until you have a full load of clothes before you wash a load. Dont wash a pair of pants just because you want to wear the same pair of pants the next day! When washing your clothes, be sure to use the economy mode and this will save you both water and electricity!48. If you install a water meter, you can_. A. keep the water running B. stop the water running C. save both water and electricityD. raise attention to use less water 49. By taking a shower you can save about _water. A. 30 liters B. 60 liters C. 100 liters D. 300 liters50. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. You have a leak if the wheel of the water meter is moving. B. You should wait to have as many clothes as possible before washing. C. When showering, you should soap up while the water keeps running. D. You are encouraged to use more water in the area with enough rainfall.51. The writer writes this passage to_. A. explain to us how valuable water is B. tell us the ways of using water at home C. ask us to do what he says in the passage D. give us some advice on saving water at home参考答案48. D 49. B 50. B 51. D
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