2018-2019学年高二英语上学期寒假作业13.doc

xx-2019学年高二英语上学期寒假作业13第一节 （共10小题；每小题2分，共20分）阅读下面短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。No one is sure how the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids near Cairo. But a new study suggests they used a little rock n roll. Long-ago builders could have attached wooden poles to the stones and rolled them across the sand, the scientists say.“Technically, I think what theyre proposing is possible,” physicist Daniel Bonn said.People have long puzzled over how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks. And theres no obvious answer. On average, each of the two million big stones weighed about as much as a large pickup truck. The Egyptians somehow moved the stone blocks to the pyramid site from about one kilometer away.The most popular view is that Egyptian workers slid the blocks along smooth paths. Many scientists suspect workers first would have put the blocks on sleds(滑板). Then they would have dragged them along paths. To make the work easier, workers may have lubricated the paths either with wet clay or with the fat from cattle. Bonn has now tested this idea by building small sleds and dragging heavy objects over sand.Evidence from the sand supports this idea.Researchers found small amounts of fat, as well as a large amount of stone and the remains of paths.However, physicist Joseph West thinks there might have been a simpler way, who led the new study. West said, “I was inspired while watching a television program showing how sleds might have helped with pyramid construction. I thought, Why dont they just try rolling the things? ” A square could be turned into a rough sort of wheel by attaching wooden poles to its sides, he realized. That, he notes, should make a block of stone “a lot easier to roll than a square”.So he tried it .He and his students tied some poles to each of four sides of a 30-kilogram stone block. That action turned the block into somewhat a wheel. Then they placed the block on the ground.They wrapped one end of a rope around the block and pulled.The researchers found they could easily roll the block along different kinds of paths. They calculated that rolling the block required about as much force as moving it along a slippery(滑的)path.West hasnt tested his idea on larger blocks, but he thinks rolling has clear advantages over sliding. At least, workers wouldnt have needed to carry cattle fat or water to smooth the paths.28. Its widely believed that the stone blocks were moved to the pyramid site by _.A. rolling them on roads B. pushing them over the sandC. dragging them on some poles D. sliding them on smooth paths29. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 7 refer to?A. Rolling the blocks with poles attached.B. Rolling the blocks on wooden wheels.C. Rolling poles to move the blocks.D. Rolling the blocks with fat.30. Why is rolling better than sliding according to West?A. Because more force is needed for sliding.B. Because rolling work can be done by fewer cattle.C. Because sliding on smooth roads is more dangerous.D. Because less preparation on paths is needed for rolling.31. What is the text mainly about?A. An application of the method of moving blocks to the pyramid site.B. An experiment on ways of moving blocks to the pyramid site.C. An argument about different methods of moving blocks to the pyramid site.D. An introduction to a possible new way of moving blocks to the pyramid site.BWith rapid advances in medical science, cloning is slowly but surely looking like it could be in our near future. However, is it really an option that should be considered as a way to extend human life?Reproductive cloning may help human families gain children, and theres also a benefit for the animal world. It brings hope to people eager for children but unable to have their own or adopt. It can also bring about the recreation of species that have long since died, allowing scientists to fully study the species as a living creature instead of simply looking at images or bones.Many believe that cloning can be used to replace failing organs. This will reduce the waiting list for organ donations and allow more people to be saved. Not only that, but because the organ is, in fact, your own organ, there would be less chance of rejection.Cloning could prove helpful in genetic research. Using cloning technologies, genetic researchers would have a better understanding of position of genes and the effects of genetic constituents（成分）on human characters. Theres also the possibility of changing genetic constituents in cloned humans, and cloning could help fight genetic diseases.While the cloning of body organs can help extend human life, it could also cause a lot of malpractice （玩忽职守）. Along with the ability to clone desired characters, there could be the possibility of people deliberately reproducing undesired characters. This could lead to a rise in malpractice within society.Cloning involves a process of creating identical genes. As such, there would be a lack of diversity in humankind. Scientists will lower the human races ability to adapt.Whatever your view on cloning may be, studies show that the clone would in fact not be pletely identical to the original just as twins are not pletely identical. Though they might look alike, twins have different personalities and enjoy different things. The same could be said of clones. Even if technology were created in which your memories and thoughts could be transmitted to the clone, your clone would still be a different person.32. What good might reproductive cloning bring?A. It may help improve human well-being.B. It could contribute to the rising birthrate.C. It could help animals survive deadly diseases.D. It may enable scientists to better study extinct species.33. According to the text, cloning can also be used for .A. solving the aging problem. B. organ transplant.C. infectious disease treatment.D. constructing a gene database.34. Whats one problem cloning may cause?A. Great diversity.B. Individual security risk.C. Increased improper conduct.D. Serious personality disorder.35. Why are twins mentioned in the last paragraph?A. To stress twins similarities.B. To show twins are quite mon.C. To carry out deeper research on twins.D. To better describe what a clone will be like第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每题1分，满分20分）阅读下面一篇短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Steve, a 12-year-old boy, had been failing since first grade. He generally went _41_. until he joined Miss Whites class.“You all did pretty well,” she told the _42_as she went over the test results, “ _43_one boy, and it breaks my heart to tell you this, but .” She hesitated, looking at Steve.“The _44_boy in the seventh grade is failing my class.” Steve _45_his eyes and carefully examined his fingertips.After that, Steve refused to do his _46_. Miss White was very _47_and tried to encourage him to study.“Give yourself a _48_! Dont give up on your life!” Miss White told him, yet it didnt _49_.Then one day, she said, “Steve! Please! I care about you!”_50_, Steve got it. Someone cared about him.He spent the whole afternoon thinking about what he should do. Arriving at his house after school, feeling determined, he headed to his bedroom to _51_.Monday morning, Miss White gave a _52_on the weekend homework. Steve _53_through the test, and was the first to hand in his paper. Miss White looked it over in total _54_. The smartest boy in the seventh grade had just _55_his first test.From that moment, nothing was the same for Steve. He discovered that not only could he learn, but he was _56_it.After high school, Steve joined the Navy. During his naval career, he _57_many young people who might not have believed in themselves if he hadnt believed in them first.Miss White saved one boy who _58_changing many lives.You see, its simple, really. A(n) _59_can take place within the heart of one boy, all because of one teacher, who _60_.41. A. unchallenged B. unacpanied C. unnoticed D. unpunished42. A. class B. staff C. colleagues D. parents43. A. in addition to B. except for C. instead of D. regardless of44. A. laziest B. richest C. happiest D. smartest45. A. opened B. closed C. raised D. dropped46. A. research B. homework C. projects D. presentations47. A. impressed B. surprised C. anxious D. embarrassed48. A. chance B. break C. choice D. reward49. A. stop B. work C. matter D. happen50. A. Luckily B. Gradually C. Naturally D. Suddenly51. A. study B. sleep C. cry D. play52. A. question B. lesson C. quiz D. review53. A. hurried B. lived C. broke D. saw54. A. fear B. shock C. relief D. anger55. A. attended B. designed C. passed D. failed56. A. ready for B. responsible for C. tired of D. good at57. A. persuaded B. taught C. met D. inspired58. A. put up B. gave up C. ended up D. took up59. A. problem B. change C. recovery D. improvement60. A. cares B. believes C. understands D. remembers第二节 语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。As an old English saying goes, “Honesty is the best policy”. It is more than_71_old clich(陈词滥调), but a good way to live your life. First, honesty is the_72_(easy) choice that we can make. When people get caught in lies, it always costs them something. Many relationships are destroyed by lies. Second, honesty gives us much_73_(free). Many believe that being honest limits them in life, but that is not true. Sooner or later those dishonest people _74_ (pay) a price for their acts; on the contrary, when we are honest, we are _75_ (true) free.If there were two people standing before you, a person _76_ a record of being honest and a person who is known to be dishonest, who would you be more likely _77_ (believe)? Im sure most people would side with the honest person. _78_ we live in the truth or we live in lies. Truth sets us free and lies leave us in nothing _79_ more troubles. Honesty is a choice that we can make each day. The choice is _80_ (you). What will you choose?71._72_ 73_74._75._76._77._78._79._ 80._第一节:应用文写作(满分5分)(倡议书)假定你是李华，注意到你校学生很少进行英语文学阅读。请给全校同学用英语写一封倡议书，倡导大家多阅读英语文学作品。内容包括：1.介绍现状；2.你对英语文学阅读的看法； 3.发出倡议。Dear fellow students, （倡议对象） Im Li Hua. Having noticed that students barely/ rarely/seldom(很少,频率副词) reading English literature, Im writing to appeal to you to do more reading. There is a tendency among students to have no appetite for(对.不感兴趣) reading English literature. However, as far as Im concerned, reading them is indispensable(必不可少的) as it plays a significant role in our English learning. Not merely does it help us broaden our horizons and cultivate our mind but it also enables us to have a profound insight into other countries history and culture. Accordingly(因此), we should read them on a regular basis, thus forming the habit of reading. If we make reading English literature a regular part of our life, it will equip us for life. Love English literature and have a better score!Li Hua（倡议人）书面表达 将范文工整写在作文纸上_阅读28. D 29. A 30. D 31. D【答案】DBCD【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. D 46. B 47. C 48. A 49. B 50. D 51. A 52. C 53. A 54. B 55. C 56. D 57. D 58. C 59. B 60. A【答案】71. an 72. easiest 73. freedom 74. will pay 75. truly 76. with 77. to believe 78. Either 79. but 80. yours