英语公共演讲开头和结尾技巧.ppt

Beginningofthespeech GuidelinesGoalsoftheintroductionDevelopinganEffectiveIntroductionAvoidingCommonFaultsCriteriaforanEffectiveIntroductionTipsforyou Goalsoftheintroduction GettingYourAudience sAttentionHelpestablishamoodCreateaFavorablePersonalRelationshipwiththeAudienceMaketheSpeakerMoreatEasePreviewYourMainIdeas DevelopinganEffectiveIntroduction FivewaysAskingaQuestionUsingaQuotationUsingStartlingFactsorStatisticsUsingStoriesUsingHumors AskingaQuestion Examples Whatbugsyoumostaboutyourcollegeclasses Ifyoucould orhadto livethelifeofsomeoneelse whomwouldyouchoose Doyouagreewiththatoldclaimthatonlydeathandtaxesareinevitable UsingaQuotation Examples Awisepersononcesaid Alwayshaveyourbagspacked youneverknowwherelife sjourneyisgoingtotakeyou Icouldn tagreemore Infact asyoucansee Ihavemybagswithmetonight sheholdsupherstandardmedicalbagfortheaudiencetosee AMApresidentNancyDickey AmericanMedicalAssociation UsingStartlingFactsorStatistics AspeechabouteatingdisorderWhoarefiveofthemostimportantwomeninyourlife Yourmother Yoursister Yourdaughter Yourwife Yourbestfriend Nowwhichoneofthemhashadorwillhaveaneatingdisorder Beforeyoudisregardmyquestion listentowhatresearchtellsus OneineveryfivewomenintheUnitedStateshaseatingdisorder UsingStories PersonalstoriesCelebrity sstoriesAnonymousstoriesDog sstories UsingHumors Speakersshouldassurethatthereisapracticalpointtotheiruseofhumorsothattheycanstillmakearelevantapplicationofthestorytothetopicorarea Beginningofthespeech Whydoabriefintroductionplaysuchanimportantroleinaspeech Introductionisthefaceofyourspeech whichdecidestheaudience simpressionofyourtopicIntroductionreflectsthetopicofyourspeech Introductionshowshowmuchyouhavepreparedforthisspeech C Avoidingsomecommonfaultsofintroduction a Nocommonbutineffectivestatements b Noapology c Notoomuchdetailedintroductions d Don tstartwith TodayI mgoingtotalkabout e Don tleadtheaudiencetotakeanegativeattitudetowardyoursubject f Don taskabroadquestion C Avoidingsomecommonfaultsofintroduction a Nosuchineffectivestatements BeforeIbeginmytalk Iwanttosay IhopeIcanremembereverythingIwanttosay PleaseforgivemeifIhavemissedsomething Commonusedbutinsignificantstatements b Noapology I mcertainlygladtobeheretotalkwithyoutoday butIdowanttoapologizebeforeIbeginmyspeech I lltrytogiveyoualotinformationaboutthissubject butIjustgotbackfromameetinganddidn thaveallthetime IsorryaboutthecoughIhavetoday Ihopeyou llbeabletobearmeOKandthatyou llbearwithme Apologiesareusuallythesameandinappropriate Youcangetyouproblemsexplainedbythechairormoderatorinsteadofyourselfifnecessary c Notoomuchdetailedintroductions d Don tstartwith TodayI mgoingtotalkabout Quotations ChairmanMaohadeversaidthat Asafamoussayinggoes Createhumorousatmosphere Withafunnyjoke Relevanttoyourtopic Raiseaquestion IsanybodyknowthatEinsteinhadever Whatisthemosteffectivewaytolearn Tellastory Oncetherewasaboywhodevotedalotto Itisatruestoryhappenedaround e Don tleadtheaudiencetotakeanegativeattitudetowardyoursubject Beoptimistic bepassionateandhumorousAudiencewillfollowyourstep Noattention getterNorespondenceandagreement f Don taskabroadquestion Getyouraudienceabsent mindedofyourbroadquestionLeadyouraudiencetothinkit sawasteoftimeTheaudienceknownothingaboutyoutopic Haveyoueverwonderedbowoilisdistributed I mnotsurethatIcantalkaboutthisissueprofessionallyandcreatively Yourmaynotrealizeit andyoumaynotagreewithme butactuallythemostimportantthingis D Criteriaforaneffectiveintroduction 5 itispersuasiveandinnovative 1 Itisrelevant 4 Itstimulatedyouraudience 2 Itgetyouraudienceinvolved 3 Itgetsthemtothinkpositivelyaboutyoursubject E Tipsforyou Themostsuccessfulpeoplearetheonewho vegotmostfailures Itisveryimportantforustofollowtheregulationatschoolasastudent Noonecanachieveifhecontributesnothing youneedtobedevoted 2 Avoidclich s 3 Bedirectly 1 Beassertive E Tipsforyou 4 Usequotes Well saidquotesisavailable Nocross nocrown 5 Beconfidant imagineyouhavesucceedformanytimePractice practiceandpractice 6 Learnfromcommonlife Slowdownthepaceoflife payattentiontoroadsidescenery Conclusionofthespeech GuidelineThepurposeofconclusionMethodsofconcludingDo sandDon tsofConclusionTipsForU A Thepurposeofconclusion PurposesTodrawthelastattentionToleaveyourfavorableimpressionTogiveasenseofcompleteness B Methodsofconcluding MethodsSummarizeCallforactionGivechallengeThrowashockRefertothefollowingeventReturntotheintroductionThanktheaudience C Do sandDon tsofConclusion 1 DoWorkonYourConclusionCarefully 2 DoPointUpThatYouAreAbouttoFinishIfHelpful 3 DoMaketheConclusion10 orLessofYourSpeech 4 DoWriteOuttheFirstSentenceofYourConclusiononYourSpeech 5 DoThanktheAudience C Do sandDon tsofConclusion 1 DoNotSay 2 DoNotApologize 3 DoNotStretchItOut 4 DoNotIntroduceNewMaterial 5 DoNotContinuetoSpeakasYouleavethelectern D TipsForU 1 DoNotRushtoanEndingAbruptly 2 DoNotShoutSlogansUnlessAppropriate 3 UseQuotationsWiselytoCreateanEndingonaPowerfulNote Thankyou