doing作状语的用法ppt课件

1 作表语 2 作定语 现在分词 3 作宾补 4 作状语 1 三 V ing作表语 WearelearningEnglish Thestoryisinteresting MyjobisteachingEnglish 动名词作表语 现在分词作表语 动词进行时 TeachingEnglishismyjob 动名词作表语用来说明主语的内容 与主语是同一个概念 表语和主语的位置可互换 2 Hishobbyispainting Thenewsisinspiring 区别动名词与现在分词 动名词作表语用来说明主语的具体内容 现在分词作表语是用来表示主语所具有的特征 有的已变成了形容词 主语和表语的位置不能互换 3 翻译下列句子 我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐 Ourjobis 2 他们演奏的音乐史如此的令人兴奋 Themusictheyareplayingis playingallkindsofmusic soexciting 4 四V ing作定语 现在分词 现在分词作定语 被修饰的词与V ing之间有一种逻辑上的主谓关系 相当于一个定语从句 当现在分词单独作定语时 放在所修饰的名词前 如果是现在分词短语作定语 则放在所修饰的名词后 Thegirlcryingintheclassroomismydeskmate Thecryinggirlismydeskmate 5 Thetower thewarringstatesiswellworthvisiting datedfromB datedbackfromC datingfromD todatefrom Theflowers sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature tosmellB smellingC smeltD tobesmelt 6 1 awalkingman 2 awalkingstick amanwhoiswalking astickforwalking What sthedifferencebetween 1 and 2 7 V ing作定语时 现在分词与动名词区别 awaitingroomawaitingman aroomforwaiting amanwhoiswaiting 现在分词作定语时 它和被修饰的词之间有有种逻辑上的主谓关系 相当于一个定语从句 而动名词作定语时 与被修饰的词之间没有这种关系 它仅仅表示一种用途 作 用 相当于一个for引导的介词短语 8 Translatethefollowingphrases areadingroom awashingmachine anexcitingevening aninterestingcrosstalk 阅览室 洗衣机 激动人心的夜晚 有趣的相声 9 1 What bearstheyare charm 2 Whata an ideatheadhas 3 Thebears arecontentwiththeirlife 4 Thebears makecocacolamorepopular DescribethebearswithV ingusedasattribute charming enjoyingcocacola drinkingcocacola skiingontheice surprising inspiring 10 五V ing形式作宾语补足语 V ing形式作宾补时 它与宾语构成逻辑上的主谓关系 即宾语是其逻辑上的主语 S V O C Iheardthegirlsingingintheclassroom Wehavethefireburningallday Inoticedalongqueueoutsidethebankwaitingforittoopen Thebabywatchedhisdadshavinghisfacewithgreatinterest 动词 ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面 表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作 强调一个过程或一种状态 11 1 能跟 ing形式作宾语补足语的常见动词有 五让 三看 两听 一注意 一发现 一感觉 简单又好记 make let have keep leave lookat see watch hear listento notice find feel等 怎么记 12 Helookedaroundandcaughtaman hishandintothepocketofapassenger putB tobeputtingC toputD putting 13 1 Isawthem force thedooropenwithahammer 2 Weheardthem quarrel aboutmoneyaftertheconcert theylookedveryangry 3 Iheardhim drop lotsofcoinsintothecollectingtin forcing quarreling dropping Practice 14 2 有些动词词组 如 regard describe accept thinkof lookon等之后可由as引出V ing形式作宾补 Theydescribethecartoonasbeingattractive 15 分词作状语 表示动作发生的条件 原因 结果 让步 时间 方式或伴随等 通常相当于一个状语从句或并列分句 一般说来 这种结构的逻辑主语就是句子的主语 六分词作状语 作状语时 选择现在分词还是过去分词 关键看主句的主语 如分词的动作是主句的主语发出 就选用现在分词 反之就用过去分词 16 Ifyouuseyourhead you llfindagoodway Usingyourhead you llfindagoodway IfIaminvited I llgotoyourparty Invited I llgotoyourparty 条件状语 作条件状语一般放在句首 作条件状语一般放在句首 17 原因状语 作原因状语一般放在句首 作原因状语一般放在句首 Becausehewaspoor hecouldn taffordaTVset Beingpoor hecouldn taffordaTVset Becausehewassatisfiedwithhisjob hehadabigsmileonhisface Satisfiedwithhisjob hehadabigsmileonhisface 18 让步状语 作让步状语一般放在句首 作让步状语一般放在句首 Thoughhestudiedhard hedidn tpasstheexam Studyinghard hedidn tpasstheexam Thoughhewasborninapoorfamily hewasoptimistic Borninapoorfamily hewasoptimistic 19 时间状语 作时间状语一般放在句首 作时间状语一般放在句首 WhileIwaswalkinginthestreet Isawatailor sshop Walkinginthestreet Isawatailor sshop Whenshewassurroundedbyamaddog shewasveryfrightenedandscreamed Surroundedbyamaddog shewasveryfrightenedandscreamed 20 在使用的过程中 我发现这本书很有用 thebook Ifindituseful 由于用了很长时间 这本书看上去很旧 foralongtime thebooklooksold Used Using 21 从上面看 体育场好像一个鸟巢 fromthetop thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest A SeeingB Seen从太空看 宇航员看不到长城 fromthespace theastronautcannotdiscovertheGreatWall A SeeingB Seen 22 Fourpeopleenteredtheroomandlookedaroundinacuriousway Fourpeopleenteredtheroom looking Theteachercameintotheclassroomandwasfollowedbysomestudents Theteachercameintotheclassroom followedbysomestudents 并列句 作伴随状语多放于句末 23 Hecamerunningbacktotellmethenews Hisfatherdied andthisleftthefamilyevenworseoff Hisfatherdied leavingthefamilyevenworseoff 方式状语或结果状语 作方式状语或结果多放于句末 24 Fourpeopleenteredtheroomandlookedaroundinacuriousway Fourpeopleenteredtheroom looking Theteachercameintotheclassroomandwasfollowedbysomestudents Theteachercameintotheclassroom followedbysomestudents 并列句 作伴随状语多放于句末 25 分词作状语时的时态和语态 1 分词的时态 2 分词的语态 一般式 doing done完成式 havingdone havingbeendone 1 一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生 1 Hearingthenews hejumpedwithjoy 2 Surroundedbythestudents theteacherwasansweringquestionsonebyone 26 2 完成时表示动作发生在谓语动词之前 areply hedecidedtowriteagain NotreceivingB ReceivingnotC NothavingreceivedD Havingnotreceived可理解为 Becausehehadnotreceivedareply hedecidedtowriteagain 1 Ashehadfinishedhishomework hewentout Havingfinishedhishomework hewentout 2 Becauseshehadnotgotareply shedecidedtowritetohimagain Nothavinggotareply shedecidedtowritetohimagain 27 完成被动式 havingbeendone表示动作发生在谓语动词之前且含被动意义 现代英语中往往用过去分词done替代 Havingbeenpraisedforhisjob Tomworkedharder Praisedforhisjob Tomworkedharder byasnake shewasfrightenedatit A BeingbittenB BittenC HavingbeenbittenD bothBandC 28 一 有些惯用的v ing形式不表示句子主语的动作 而是表示说话人的态度 观点等 可当作一个插入语generallyspeaking一般说来strictlyspeaking严格说来franklyspeaking 坦白地说judgingfrom by 根据 来判断considering 考虑到 supposing假如 如果 几点注意 29 1 Generallyspeaking boysaremoreinterestedinsciencethangirls 一般说 男孩比女孩对科学更感兴趣 2 Judgingfromhisaccent hemustcomefromCanada 从他的口音看 他一定来自加拿大 3 Consideringhisage hediditquitewell 考虑到他的年龄 他做得很好了 4 Supposingitrains whatwillyoudo 假使下雨 你会怎么办呢 30 二 分词作状语时 可以根据需要在其前加上when while before after until once though although unless asif evenif aslongas等Oncelosingthischance youcan teasilyfindit 2 Ifallowedtoreadinthereadingroom youshouldkeepquiet 3 Whenleavingthestation hewavedagainandagaintome 31 三 当表示分词的动作一发生 主句的动作随之也发生时 可以使用 on 动名词 的结构 翻译成 一 就 能够用于这种用法的动词都是瞬间动词 如look hear see open close等 Hearingthenews theycouldn thelpjumping Onhearingthenews theycouldn thelpjumping thecase Isawthebirdflyoutofit 一打开这个盒子 我看到有只鸟飞出来 Onopening 32 Revision isbelieving 眼见为实 Inthesummerweenjoy 坐 underthebigtree Herjobis 照顾婴儿 Thestoryis 有趣的 Howcanyoukeepher 等待 intherain Theman 站在那里 ismyfather Finishthesentences Seeing sitting takingcareofthebabies interesting waiting standingoverthere 主语 宾语 表语 动名词 表语 现在分词 宾语补足语 定语 33 句型转换 Whenheheardthenews hejumpedwithjoy thenews hejumpedwithjoy 2 Asshewasill shewenthome ill shewenthome 3 Thegirlcameinandshesmiled Thegirlcamein Shesatatthedeskandreadanewspaper Shesatatthedesk anewspaper Hearing Being smiling reading 表伴随状况 时间状语 原因状语 方式状语 34 Tellthedifferences 1 Shekeepthemanwaitingintherain 2 Iwillgivethepresenttothestudentgettingthefirstplace 3 Beingill shewenthome Questions 1 现在分词分别作什么成分 2 现在分词的逻辑主语分别是什么 宾补 定语 状语 宾补的逻辑主语是宾语 定语的逻辑主语是它所修饰的名词或代词 V ing形式作状语时 它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语一致 35 Grammarwork语法专练用所给动词的适当形式填空 1 Not know hisaddress Icouldn tgotoseehimyesterday 2 Lookout 小心 forcarswhen cross thestreet 3 Not invite totheparty Marywasgreatlyhurt knowing crossing havingbeeninvited 36 4 Hedivedintothewater leave onlyhisfaceexposed 暴露 5 WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinned 别在 tothedoor read写着 Sorrytomissyou Iwillcalllater 6 take adeepbreath theydivedintothewater 7 close thewindowsandthedoor thestudentslefttheroom leaving reading Taking Havingclosed 37 Grammarquiz语法小测1 When differentcultures weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingmanysimilarities A comparedB beingcomparedC comparingD havingcompared C 38 2 Wheneverhewasaskedwhyhewaslateforclass hewouldanswercarelessly always thesamething A sayingB saidC tosayD havingsaid A 39 1 Havingnotseenthefilm Ican ttellyouwhatIthinkofit 2 Themenworkedforextrahoursgotanextrapay 3 Seenfromthetopofthehill wefindthecitymorebeautiful Nothaving working Seeing 单句改错 40 4 Can tyouread themansaid angrilypointedtothenoticeonthewall 5 Generallyspeak facialexpressionsarehelpfulcommunications too 6 Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries madeitthemostpopularsportintheworld pointing making speaking 41 1 thepiano someonesuddenlyknockedatthedoor A PlayingB WhenIwasplayingC RepairingD Examining Choosethebestanswer 42 2 Mothercaughttheboy inthecorner A smokeB tosmokeC beingsmokedD smoking 43 3 theprogramme theyhavetostaythereforanother2weeks A NotcompletingB NotcompletedC NothavingcompletedD Havingnotcompleted 44 4 Wecan tgooutinthisweather saidBob outofthewindow A lookingB tolookC lookedD havinglooked 5 suchheavypollutionalready itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver A HavingsufferedB SufferingC TosufferD Suffered 45 6 Iwastoldthattherewereabout50foreignstudents Chineseintheschool most werefromGermany 2006年辽宁卷 A study ofwhomB study ofthemC studying ofthemD studying ofwhom 高考链接 46 7 Don tsitthere nothing Comeandhelpmewiththistable 2006年湖北卷 A doB todoC doingD anddoing 47 8 CanIsmokehere Sorry Wedon tallow here 2007年江苏卷 A peoplesmokingB peoplesmokeC tosmokeD smoking 48 ThankYou 49