Register-Theory 语域理论ppt课件

RegisterTheory 1 语域理论是系统功能语法的重要理论之一 源于 英国的语境主义 Register这个概念最初是由Raid在1956年研究双语现象时提出来的 英籍波兰人人类学家Malinowski在20世纪提出了两个重要的概念 情景语境 contextofsituation 和文化语境 contextofculture Firth将语境概念发展为 语义存在于语境 的理论 20世纪60年代 Halliday继承并发展了Firth的理论 2 definitionofregisterLanguagevariesaccordingtothesituationinwhichitisused andthesevarietiesoflanguagecanbereferredasregisters Halliday 1964 definesregisterintermsoffield tenorandmode 3 field 场境 TheFIELDreferstothesubjectmatterorcontentbeingdiscussed Thefieldincludes thetopic theinteractants Thetopicofdiscoursecanbe specialised technical e g talkingabouttheenvironmentetc everyday eg talkingaboutshoppingetc Theinteractantsmayhave specialisedknowledgeofthefield e g ascientistwritingforanarticleforanacademicjournal commonknowlegeoffthefield e g thereadersofanewspaperarticle 4 Field Canalsodeterminesyntaxcertaingrammaticalconstructionsmaybefavoured ordisfavouredSomeconstructionsmaydeviatefromthe norm 5 Thenetecosystemexchangeofcarbondioxidewasmeansuredbyaddcovarianmethodsfor3yearsintwogrowthforestsitesnearSantarem Brazil Carbonwaslostinthewetseasonandgainedinthedryseason whichwasoppositetotheseasonalcyclesofbothtreegrowthmodelpredictions The3 yearaveragecarbonlosswas1 3 confidenceinterval 0 0to2 0 megagramsofcarbonperhectareperyear ScienceMagazine28 11 2003 Failuretotakeactiontocombatclimatechangewillcauseenvironmentalcatastropheandcosttheglobaleconomy 20trillionayearbytheendofthecentury thepressuregroupFriendsoftheEarthsaystoday Inareportbasedonresearchfrommorethan100scientificandeconomicpapers thegroupsaysallowingglobalwarmingtocontinueuncheckedwillmeanateperaturerise4Cby2100 causingeconomicdamageworthupto8 ofglpbalGDP TheGuardian13 10 2006 6 Mode 语式 TheMODEreferstothechannelofthecommunicationlanguagecanbe written spoken writtentobespoken e g apoliticalspeech Languagecanbe spontaneous e g conversation planned e g acompositionorarticle conversationisspotaneous interactiveandoftenaccompaniesactions Thelanguageofconversationischaracterizedby hesitation interruptions interrogativesandimperatives ellipsis etc 7 A whatareyoudoingthissummer Areyougoingtobeach Areyougoingtothemountains Or B Possibly yeah Iwanttodosometraveling Um ImaygouptoSwitzerlandandvisitafriend checkoutthemountainsthere A WowFormality informalityV Written spokeneg formalspokenlanguageIsee um good Mr Thompson itwasverypleasantinterviewingyouandwe llletyouknowofdecision Ithinkwecanwindupnow we llletyouknowofourdecisionassoonasI vedecidedthematterstogetherwiththecommittee You llbehearingfromus takenfromajobinterview informalwrittenlanguageTakealonglookatthereamazingcreatures becauseitcouldbeyourlastchance forashockingnewreportcarriedoutbyexpertsfromaroudtheglobehasfoundthatupto60 000speciearebecomingextinctEVERYYEAR 8 Tenor 交际者 TheTENORreferstothetypeofroleinteraction thesetofrelevantsocialrelations permanentandtemporary amongtheparticipantsinvolved therelationshipsbetweentheinteractansvariesaccordingto status affectiveinvolvement contact 9 weareverypleasedtohearthatyouhavebeenappointedtorepresentCerclesatthe7thELPSeminarinVilnius lithuania Iwouldbeverygratefulifyoucouldletmehaveyourfullpostaladdresssothatwecansendyouasignedinvitation Inthemeantime pleasefindattactedthedraftprogrammeandotherdocumentsconcerningtheseminal HIIIIII thankssooomuchforsponsoringme imveryverygrateful howarethings soyoucanprobablytellfromthelatereplyofthisemailthatihaventreallygotmyselforganised thoughihavejustsendoffmyaccommodationapplicationformforsouthampton uni oooexciting 10 Field RelatestothesubjectmatterwhatyouaretalkingaboutdeterminesvocabularyinparticularSpecialisedmeaningsofwords especiallyifatechnicalfield maybenarrowerorbroaderthantheword smeaninginanotherfield PreferredinterpretationsofambiguouswordsWordsthatarenotusedoutsidethefield 11 Moderelatesto LexisandgrammarTherearethingsthatyousaybutyouwouldn twritedownandviceversaPhonologyEuphony pleasantsound alliterationareaspectsofmodeWrittenrepresentationofdialect 12 Tenordetermines VocabularyChoiceofsynonymsaccordingtolevelofformalityPrivateslang local clich s colloquialismsSyntax orthographyUseofcontractions ellipsesCertainconstructionsmaybemoreorlessformalPhonologyAccentPragmaticsPrecisionmoreorlesstoleratedUseofpronounsanddeicticreferenceParalinguisticfeaturesIntonationPitchandvolume 13 FormalityScale Quirketal 1965 suggestascaleof Attitudes tenor Veryformal Frozen RigidFORMALNeutralINFORMALVeryinformal Casual Familiar 14 Mybelovedparenthasjustpassedtohisheavenlyreward Mydearfatherhasjustexpired Mydearfatherhasjustdied Mydadhasdied Myoldmanjustkickedthebucket 15 16 Thankyou 17