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2019中考英语阅读练习（八）及答案第一部分：完形填空BEIJINGThe sky is gray and air smells strange. Its another day of smog. On Saturday, heavy haze（霾）still covered north and east China. Highways were closed and 1 couldnt take off on time.The smoggy weather 2 the countrys land from north to south, including Beijing, Hebei, Shandong, and 6 other provinces. People could only see clearly 3 than 50 meters in some areas. Cities 4 Shanghai and Nanjing have been covered by the gray sky for the past several days. Many walkers in the street had to wear 5 . In the Lukou airport in Nanjing, more than 60 flights were canceled(取消) on Saturday 6 the haze, which also made primary and middle schools and kindergartens stop 7 on Thursday and Friday in Nanjing. The office worker of Environmental Protection said earlier this week that there were several 8 reasons behind the widespread haze: unpleasant weather conditions making 9 difficult for smog to disappear, motor vehicle exhaust（尾气）, and coal use for winter heating.To fight pollution, the Chinese government now plans to clean up the air by cutting coal use, 10 some factories, and removing 6 million old cars from the roads. “We must face up to the facts,” said Yan Naiqiang, a professor of environmental science at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. “The treatment of smog will be a long fight. From now on, if we use buses or cars less and do more riding, we believe a clear sky is not a faraway dream.” 1. A. coachesB. trainsC. flightsD. double-deckers2. A. affordedB. affectedC. admiredD. announced3. A. lessB. moreC. fartherD. nearer4. A. inB. likeC. aroundD. outside5. A. hatsB. glovesC. sunglassesD. masks6. A. besidesB. exceptC. because ofD. for7. A. classesB. restC. workD. shopping8. A. mainlyB. mostlyC. mainD. most9. A. thatB. thisC. oneD. it10. A. closeB. closingC. openD. opening【答案】（1）C；（2）B；（3）A；（4）B；（5）D；（6）C；（7）A；（8）C；（9）D；（10）B； 【考点】科普环保类，社会现象类，新闻报道类 【解析】【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了日益严重的雾霾天气给许多方面造成了影响，也影响着人们的健康。政府为了对抗雾霾开始采取措施治理空气污染。当然这是一个长期的过程，需要大家的共同努力。（1）考查名词及语境的理解。高速公路被关闭,航班不能准时起飞。A马车；B火车；C航班；D巴士。根据句意，故选 C。（2）考查动词及语境的理解。烟雾弥漫的天气从北到南影响着中国。A买得起；B影响；C崇拜；D宣布。根据句意，故选B,影响。（3）考查固定词组及语境的理解。在一些地区人们仅能看清50米以内的东西。less than ,少于，不到more than多于，超过。根据句意，故选A。（4）考查介词及语境的理解。在过去几天像上海和南京这样的城市都被灰色的天空覆盖着。根据句意，故选B，像。（5）考查名词及语境的理解。许多街上的行人不得不戴着口罩。A帽子；B手套；C太阳镜；D面具，口罩。根据句意，故选D，口罩，面具。（6）考查介词及语境的理解。因为阴霾在周六南京禄口机场的,60多个航班被取消。根据句意，故选C，因为，介词短语。（7）考查名词及语境的理解。这也使得在南京的中小学和幼儿园在周四和周五停课。A课；B休息；C工作；D购物。根据句意，学校停止的是上课，故选A，课。（8）考查形容词词及语境的理解。广泛阴霾背后有几个主要的原因。most 大部分，main，主要的。形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词，故选C。（9）考查代词及语境的理解。使雾难以消失的令人不快的天气情况，尾气，用于冬季取暖的煤。it代替动词不定式做形式宾语，故选D。（10）考查动名词及语境的理解。为了对抗污染,中国政府现在计划清理空气，主要通过减少煤炭使用,关闭一些工厂,和禁止600万旧汽车上路。A关闭，动词原形；B关闭，动名词；C打开，动词原形；D打开，动名词。By doing sth通过做某事，根据句意，故选B，关闭。【点评】环境保护类短文。第二部分AThe world has many beautiful sounds. We can hear the songs of birds and the laugh of people. We can listen to cool music and news reports. And its all because of our ears! They bring us a world of sounds.But some people cant hear any sound at all. Some are born deaf. Others can hear well in their childhood, nut too many loud sounds hurt their ears later on.Many people in China cant hear ordinary sounds clearly. Lots of them are children. Most of them are born with good hearing. But six children of every 1,000 have hearing problems when they are born. And if a children has hearing problems, he or she usually will also have some learning problems at school.A lot of things can cause fearing problems, like, too much earwax is not good for our hearing. And noise louder than 85 decibels (分贝) can hurt our ears and make us lose our hearing for a short time or even for ever.Hearing is important for all of us. So we should do our best to give our ears special care. Dont forget to do the following: Try to stay away from places with too much noise. If you have to go, wear earplugs. When swimming, remember to put earplugs into your ears to stop water from getting in. Never put anything sharp into your ears. If you think you have too much earwax, ask your parents to help you clean it out.Keep these things in mind. Then you wont be saying “WHAT? WHAT?” when you are older.1. What does the underlined word “earwax” mean in the passage? A. 耳膜 B. 耳鸣 C. 耳垢 D. 耳疾2. Which of the following is NOT talked by the writer? A. Illness and hearing problems. B. people with hearing problems. C. Ways to protect our ears. D. Danger of loud noise.3. _ is/are bad for our ears. A. A little earwax B. Earplugs C. All noise D. Noise louder than 85 decibels4. The underlined sentence means _. A. When you get older, you know its not polite to ask “What?”. B. When you get older, you still have good hearing. C. When you get older, you wont ask questions. D. When you get older, you will have fewer questions.参考答案1C 2A 3D 4B BMany of us dont pay attention to the importance of eye care. Its said that if you take care of your body, then you can be healthy. That is why our eyes should be given a lot of care. Natural eye care should be put in a number one place. There are several causes leading to poor eyesight like not enough food, gene(基因) and aging(年龄增长). Televisions, computers and reading are also the causes of having poor eyesight. If you happen to work in front of the computer, it is best to take a rest every once in a while. Something dirty can cause redness and they will make you feel uncomfortable. It is bad for your eyes, too. If this happens, the best way is to clean your eyes by using cold water. You must also try your best to protect your eyes from harmful thing. For example, sunglasses are not just fashion but they can also serve as a great way to protect your eyesight from UV rays. Eating healthy foods will do good to your eyesight. Remember that vitamins(维生素) A、C and E are good for eyes. Try to eat food groups that have these vitamins. And you should do eye exercises because exercise protects your eyesight, too. If a person exercises regularly(规律地) and eats the right kind of food, his eyes will stay in good condition for a long time. All above are natural ways of eye care that help us keep healthy eyes. Being happy all the time can be helpful to a persons eyesight, too. In a word, eye care is very important, no matter how old a person is. 根据短文内容，选出最佳答案。1. _ is the most important way to protect our eyes. A. Natural eye care B. Taking medicine C. Seeing the doctor D. Being happy all the time2. All the following causes can lead to bad eyesight except _. A. age B. height C. reading D. computer 3. What should you do if you have to work in front of the computer? A. Eat healthy foods. B. Clean the eyes by using cold water.C. Wear a pair of sunglasses. D. Have a rest after working for a while.4. What do the under words “UV rays” mean?A. 沙土 B. 闪电 C. 紫外线 D. 超声波 5. Which is the best title of the passage?A. Ways of Eye Care B. Ways of Eye Exercises C. Way of Being be Happy D. Way of Being Healthy参考答案1A 2B 3D 4C 5A CDid you see snow in your hometown last winter? Did you feel it was warmer than before? “There have been 21 warm winters in China since 1986,” said scientists. They also said that in the past 100 years, as the global(全球的) temperatures went up by 0.74, the temperature in North China has climbed 1.4 in only 50 years.China needs to take quick action to cut carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)emission(排放), because its the main reason for global warming. The good news is that China has seen the importance of going green. China set the goal of cutting energy use by 20% and pollution emission by 10% in the 11th Five-Year plan.Can you slow global warming? Sure! You and your family can take steps to cut the amount of carbon dioxide that is sent out into the air.Here are some pieces of advice to help you save the earth.Wear used clothes. Wearing your brothers, or sisters or dads old T-shirt means you save the energy.Change your light bulbs(灯泡). Use energy-saving light bulbs. And dont forget to turn off the lights when you leave a room and turn off your television and computer when they are not in use!Ride the bus. Taking a bus saves a lot of oil every year. Say no to plastic bags. The next time your parents go to the market, ask them to use baskets.Dont use the air conditioner. When you have to use the conditioner, set the temperature higher in the summer and lower in the winter to save energy.Make small changes in your daily life. Dont use paper cups, bags and boxes. Its time for all of us to do something to save the earth.1. The main reason for global warming is _. A. The oil B. carbon dioxide C. paper cups, bags and boxes. D. television and computers2. The word “energy” in the second paragraph means “_”. A. 活力 B. 干劲 C. 精力 D. 能源3. How many pieces of advice are there in this passage? A. Three B. Four C. Five D. Six4. Which of the following is true? A. Its a pity to wear your dads old T-shirt. B. Using air conditioners may be a waste of energy. C. Taking a bus wastes a lot of oil every year. D. Using paper bags saves energy a lot.5. The passage is mainly about the ways to _. A. slow down global warming B. make energy C. change our daily life D. change the world weather 参考答案BDCBA
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