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2019中考英语文章阅读训练题（1）一、完形填空阅读下面的短文，从短文后所给的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（2019中考选练）What will the future world be like? Many people are glad to give their _ Here are two imaginations about the world of _ When people talk about the future, we like to think that well have our own personal flying car. We would fly at 480 kilometres per hour, avoiding traffic lights，_ roads and speeding tickets_，some people point to the disadvantages of flying cars. One big problem is: what will happen if the flying cars _ ? Then there will be problems with traffic control. Also, if_ become popular, there will surely be too much air traffic_ it seems that flying cars will face more than a few problems if they are to get off the ground! .Imagine you have your own Ironman_ . Several companies are trying to build a practical robot exoskeleton. This is a suit of robot arms and legs which follows your movement. It will_ the wearer to lift heavy objects, walk a long way and even punch through walls! It is_ in many ways, especially for people with disabilities. This suit might help people to walk again after_ or injury（受伤）.But the disadvantage at the moment is the_ . Even a simple suit can cost hundreds of thousands of pounds. Another problem is battery life. A suit like this needs a lot of_ and batteries only last about 15 minutes at the moment. One other problem is that a badly programmed robot wearer. You wouldnt want your robot leg or arm bending（弯曲） suit could _ the the wrong way. car above our heads, So in the future，_ we might be able to fly to work and lift a there are plenty of problems to solve before this will be possible.1A suggestions B instructions C opinions D reasons2A past B yesterday C present D tomorrow3A empty B wide C busy D dirty4A Moreover B Instead C In fact D However5A put down B break down C write down D calm down6A they B you C we D I7A And B But C So D or8A gloves B suit C helmet D shoes9A ask B wish C invite D allow10A beautiful B peaceful C colorful D useful11A disease B holiday C work D party12A quality B price C need D number13A chances B power C rest D experience14A hurt B attract C protect D attack15A whether B unless C although D until【解析】这篇短文给我们想象了未来世界的样子，文章中主要提到了关于未来世界的两个想象：一个是飞行汽车；另一个是钢铁侠套装。这两种发明都有他们的优点，但同时也有很多的问题需要解决。1句意：很多人都乐意给出他们的观点。suggestions 建议；instructions指导；opinions观点；reasons理由。根据上句话What will the future world be like?可知，这个问题是“未来的世界会是什么样子的？”关于这个问题，不同的人会有不同的看法，故应选C。2句意：这里有两个关于明天世界的想象。past 过去；yesterday昨天；present现在；tomorrow明天。根据短文开头第一句话What will the future world be like?可知，这篇短文想象的是未来的世界，故应选D。13句意：我们每小时能飞480英里，避开交通灯、拥挤的道路和超速罚款单。empty 空的；wide宽的；busy忙的；dirty脏的。根据文意可知，这里介绍的是flying car飞行车，有了它，我们就可以避免路上交通上容易出现的问题，如交通灯、交通拥挤和超速罚款，因此这里应选C，表示道路拥挤。4句意：然而一些人指出了飞行车的缺点。Moreover 而且；Instead相反；In fact事实上；However然而。上文We would fly at 480 kilometres per hour, avoiding traffic lights，_3_ roads and speeding tickets讲述的是飞行车的优点，而这句话中some people point to the disadvantages of flying cars提到的是它的缺点，因此两句话之间是转折的关系，故选D。5句意：一个大问题是：如果飞行车坏掉了会发生什么？put down 记下，镇压；break down坏掉；write down写下；calm down平静下来。根据句意可知，这里说的是flying car的缺点，因此应该是如果飞行车坏了该怎么办，故选B。6句意：而且如果他们变得受欢迎，那么就一定会有太多的空中交通。They他们； you你，你们；we我们；I我。根据文意可知，这几句话介绍的是都是flying cars，这个空代指的就是flying cars，是复数的，故应选A。7句意：因此好像如果飞行车想要离开地面，他们将会面对很多的问题。And 和，而且，表示并列；But但是，表示转折；So因此，表示结果；or或者；否则。根据文意可知，上文提到了飞行车的优点和缺点，这句话是对未来世界可能会出现的飞行车做一个总结，表示的是结果，故应选C。8句意：想象一下你有你自己的钢铁侠套装。gloves 手套；suit套装；helmet头盔；shoes鞋。根据下文This suit might help people to walk again after_11_ or injury可知，这里说的是钢铁侠套装，故应选B。9句意：它能允许佩戴者举起重物、走很长的路，甚至穿过墙。ask 问，请求；wish希望；invite邀请；allow允许。根据上句话This is a suit of robot arms and legs which follows your movement.可知，这种机器人的套装可以跟随你的移动，因此它 可以使你做到空后面列举的这些事情，故应选D。10句意：它在很多方面都是很有用的，尤其是对于残疾人。beautiful 美丽的；peaceful和平的；平静的；colorful多彩的；useful有用的。根据下句话This suit might help people to walk again after_11_ or injury可知，这种套装能帮助人，所以他们是有用的，故选D。11句意：这个套装可以帮助人们在疾病或受伤之后重新能走路。disease疾病；holiday假日；work工作；party聚会。根据句意可知，人们不能走路，原因可能是受伤了，或者是疾病导致，因应选A。12句意：但是目前的缺点就是价格。quality 质量；price价格；need 需要；number数字。根据下句话Even a simple suit can cost hundreds of thousands of pounds.可知，一套简单的钢铁侠套装就要花费好几千英镑，所以它的一个缺点就是价格昂贵，故应选B。13句意：一个像这样的套装需要很多的电量，电池目前只能持续15分钟。chances 机会；power电力，力量；rest休息；experience经历、经验。根据上句话Another problem is battery life可知，这里说的是这种套装的另外一个缺点就是电池的寿命，因此这里应说的是电池的电量，故应选B。14句意：你不会想让你的机器人的腿或者胳膊弯曲，可能会伤害。hurt 伤害；attract吸引；protect保护；attack攻击。根据上句话One other problem is that a badly programmed robot wearer.可知，这种套装的另一个问题是编程不良，这可能会导致一些伤害。故应选A。15句意：因此在未来，虽然我们可能能够飞着去上班，但在此之前还有很多问题要解决。whether是否；unless除非，如果不；although 虽然，尽管；until直到时候。根据这两句话的意思可知，他们之间的转折的关系，故应选C。点睛：这篇短文给我们想象了未来世界的样子，文章中主要提到了关于未来世界的两个想象：一个是飞行汽车；另一个是钢铁侠套装。这两种发明都有他们的优点，但同时也有很多的问题需要解决。文章是一篇科普说明文，在理解上有一定的难度，做题时，应努力抓住文章中心意思，并联系上下文的语境，捕捉关键词，弄清楚作者的写作意图。题型是完型填空，考查学生们在具体语境中综合运用语言的能力。做题时，应分为三步：首先阅读全文，掌握大意，理解作者的写作意图；然后逐空做题，注意空前后的搭配和上下文的语境；最后要再读一遍短文，检查答案。例如第2小题，短文开头第一句话What will the future world be like?就告诉我们，文章内容是关于未来世界的，因此这里应选tomorrow，不仅是明天的意思，还可以指未来。再如第12小题，这里介绍的是这种套装的缺点，根据下句话Even a simple suit can cost hundreds of thousands of pounds.可知，一套简单的钢铁侠套装就要花费好几千英镑，所以它的这个缺点就是价格昂贵，故应选B。二、阅读理解请阅读下面三段短文，从短文后所给的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。A（2019中考日常生活类训练）Its so beautiful outside that spending the day in the office would be very boring. So why not take the vacations(假期)off? A new survey(调查)found that 31of U.S workers dont always take all of their vacation days. Americans have 12 vacation days on average(平均)each year, but they give back an average of 3 vacation days each year.So why dont they use up their vacation days? Some say they would rather get money back for their unused days; some busy workers say they just cant leave their work. Americans have fewer vacation days than workers in any other country surveyed.The French take their vacations seriously. French workers get an average of 39 vacation days, and 40 plan to take at least one there-to-four-week vacation.Workers in Sweden receive an average of 25 vacation days a year,but they cant find time to use them all. More workers there return vacation days than any other country surveyed.British workers have the longest working week in Europe(欧洲),with 23 vacation days -the shortest vacation. So they feel overworked.75 say their weekends or vacations are too short and 40 would sacrifice a days pay(工资)for one more vacation day.1. How many vacation days do Americans have on average each year in fact?A.9 B.12 C.15 D.23 2. Which country has the most workers working during the vacation days?A. America. B. France. C. Sweden. D. Great Britain.3. What does the word“sacrifice”mean in the last sentence?A. Use up. B. Put up. C. Take up. D. Give up.4. Which of the following is true?A. Some American workers are too busy to leave their work.B. French workers can take one Three-to-four week days.C. Swedish workers can enjoy all of their vacation days.D. British workers have the shortest vacation days of all the countries surveyed.参考答案1A 2C 3D 4AB（2019中考日常生活类训练）Though many countries have laws against the illegal ivory trade (反对非法象牙贸易), tens of thousands of African elephants are killed every year.In January, xx, hundreds of elephant tusks (象牙) as well as ivory sculptures were put into two large crushing machines (粉碎机) in Guangdong, China. In all, more than six tons of ivory were destroyed. People called the event an ivory crush. In November, xx, the similar event happened in Colorado, America. There, wildlife officials also destroyed more than six tons of ivory. Though it may sound strange, wildlife officials are crushing ivory to help save African elephants. Stephanie Wang, who works for the Wildlife Protection Society in New York City, says, “We try to let the world know that we dont think ivory is valuable when its not on an elephant.” Each year, poachers kill elephants, cut off their long tusks and take the tusks out of Africa secretly. Then they sell the tusks and get thousands of dollars. The buyers use the ivory to make sculptures, jewellery and traditional medicines. The purpose of recent ivory crushes is to send a message to the poachers and those who buy illegal ivory. Stephanie Wang says, “Chinas ivory crush is an important step. However, it is only a small amount (数量) of the illegal ivory. If we dont stop the illegal ivory trade, African elephants could disappear from the wild within 10 years.”1. The writer mentions _ ivory crush(es) in the passage. A. one B. two C. six D. twelve 2. What can we infer from the passage? A. There are too many elephants in China. B. Chinese people cant afford ivory sculptures. C. American people never buy ivory sculptures. D. Wildlife officials are against the ivory trade.3. What does the underlined word “poachers” mean in Chinese? A. 偷捕动物的人 B. 热爱动物的人 C. 虐待动物的人 D. 训练动物的人4. According to Stephanie Wang, _. A. its not a good idea to crush ivory B. all of the ivory trade is in China C. we should do a lot to protect African elephants D. African elephants will disappear within 10 years参考答案1B 2D 3A 4C C（2019中考教育类选练）The aim (目的) of students who come to school is to study. But studying requires (需要) a right way, or you waste either the time or the money. The following are the ways of studying. The best time for reading is morning, because in the morning, the air is fresh and the mind is clear. For that reason, we can get good results (结果). In studying we must have patience (耐心). If we have not known a text well, we must read it again. We shouldnt read the next one till we have understood the first one. When we are studying, we must put our hearts into the book, or we can get nothing from the book while we are reading. We must always ask “whys”. If it is not well understood, write it down and ask our teachers, parents, or friends. In any possible way, we must know it completely and what weve leaned can be used well and made better. Though there are many ways for studying, yet the above mentioned (提到的) will be quite enough if we can keep them in heart and do so.1. The passage tells us _.A. the importance of reading B. to read in the morningC. to pay attention to the ways of studying D. to have patience in studying2. The passage has taught us _ ways of studying. A. three B. four C. five D. many3. Wed better read in the morning because _. A. its easy to remember what we have learned B. the air is fresh and the mind is clear C. its difficult to get good results D. both A and C4. If we cant put our hearts into the book when we read, it is _.A. easy to understand it well B. better to get something from itC. impossible (不可能)for us to get something from it D. possible (可能) to learn something from it5. In studying we must always ask “whys” in order to _. A. understand the book well B. write down the questionsC. do with the new words D. get some questions to ask our teachers参考答案1C 2B 3B 4C 5A三、首字母填空在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。Are you eager to be a person who has a good memory? People who enjoy their wonderful memory often do well in their studies and work. These people only have to spend a few m_1_ on a page and will keep what they read in mind. Here are some things you can do to improve your memory. Try these:Be more observant(善于观察的). Some people who said to have a bad memory dont r_2_ have memory problems. They just dont take time to notice the details. If you pay more attention to the details. youre sure to have a much clearer memory of events. A little exercise that you could do is to p_3_ memorizing lists of things, such as the things you are going to buy in a supermarket, or even the ingredients(原料)printed on your biscuit box.Do more activities such as puzzles, word g_4_, and learn a new language. These activities will further improve your brain functions and will help you improve your memory.Try to have more free time. When you are t_5_, probably you are to have a weaker focus. Find ways to get rid of stress, so your brain will be clearer and ready to have new i_6_.Get enough sleeping hours. You need at least seven hours of sleep every night. Give your brain cells a chance to r_7_ the damage done by a days tiring work. Eat lots of fruits, vegetables and grains. Do your best to be healthy, and these foods help you improve your memory.【参考答案】1. minutes 2. really 3. practice/practice 4. games 5. tired 6. ideas/ information 7. repair / reduce
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