2019高考英语基础保分篇第七讲虚拟语气课件新人教版.ppt

注意 虚拟条件句与主句的谓语动词 与现在事实或将来可能的事实相反 从句用一般过去时 be用were 与将来可能的事实相反时还可用wereto should 动词原形 主句用would should could might 动词原形 与过去事实相反 从句用过去完成时 主句用would should could mighthave 过去分词 读语篇 悟语法 反复朗读下列短文 领悟画线及黑体部分 思考 什么情况下用虚拟语气 虽同是虚拟语气 但什么情况下用过去式表示 什么情况下用 should 动词原形 表示 Mydeskmate Mary treatsmeasifshewere 1 mysister Sheisnicebutfat Ifshewerenotsofat shewouldlook 2 likeasupermodel Lastyear adoctoradvisedthatshe should eat 3 morevegetablesandfruits Healsomadeasuggestionthatshe should workout 4 regularly Besides heinsistedthatshe should walk 5 toschool Ifshehadfollowedthedoctor sadvice shewouldnotbesofatnow 6 Inotherwords ifthedoctorhadpersuadedhertodoso shewouldnothavebee 7 overweight Thismorning Mary smotherboughtheranewdress Itwasreallynice Butaftershetriediton shecouldn thelpshouting IfonlyIwere 8 alittlethinner HowIwishIhadn teaten 9 somuchjunkfoodbefore WereIMary Iwouldmake 10 aweightlossplan IfIbecameoverweightinthefuture Iwoulddo 11 sportseveryday Nowitishightimeshechanged 12 herlifestyle Withoutahealthylifestyle shewouldn tbe 13 abletoloseweight Iwouldrathershewent 14 swimmingwithme butsheinsiststhatwatersportsare 15 notsuitableforher Soitisnecessarythatshe should walk 16 toschool 1 在asif asthough evenif eventhough引导的状语从句或表语从句中 与现在事实相反时 从句的谓语动词用一般过去时 与过去事实相反时 从句的谓语动词用过去完成时 2 表示与现在事实相反的假设 if从句的谓语动词用一般过去时 be一般用were 主句的谓语用would should could might 动词原形 3 5 在insist suggest advise order mand propose demand require request等后面的宾语从句的谓语动词用 should 动词原形 其中的should可以省略 在suggestion advice order mand demand requirement request等名词后面的表语从句或同位语从句中 谓语动词用 should 动词原形 其中的should可以省略 6 错综条件句 有时if从句中的动作与主句动作发生的时间不一致 这时动词的形式应根据他们表示的时间加以调整 本句的虚拟条件句与过去事实相反 主句与现在事实相反 7 表示与过去事实相反的假设 if从句的谓语形式用过去完成时 即 had 过去分词 主句用 would should could might have 过去分词 8 9 在表示愿望的动词wish后的宾语从句和Ifonly 但愿 引出的句子中 需用虚拟语气 表示与现在事实相反 从句或ifonly后的句子的谓语动词用一般过去时 与过去事实相反 从句或ifonly后的句子的谓语动词用过去完成时 10 如果if从句中含有were had或should 可将if省略 然后将were had或should提前至主语前 即从句可用半倒装 11 表示与将来事实相反的假设 if从句的谓语形式用一般过去时 或用 wereto should 动词原形 主句用 would should could might 动词原形 12 在Itis high timethat后的从句中 谓语动词用 should 不能省略 动词原形 或一般过去时都可以 13 含蓄条件从句 用连词otherwise or but或用介词butfor without等暗示前面的条件 与现在事实相反 谓语动词用一般过去时 与过去事实相反 谓语动词用过去完成时 其中介词butfor without表示的虚拟语气 可和if引导的假设条件状语从句替换 14 would had rather wouldsooner用来表达主观愿望 它们之后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气 谓语动词用一般过去时表示与现在或将来相反 用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反 15 动词insist表 坚持认为 坚持说 坚持某种说法 suggest表 暗示 表明 时 后面从句不用虚拟语气 16 在itisnecessary important natural strange surprising that引导的主语从句中 主语从句中的谓语动词用 should 动词原形 单句填空 用所给词的适当形式填空 1 IfI be you Iwoulddoitinadifferentway 2 Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvicejustnow you be finenow 3 Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball otherwisehe score agoal 4 IfI have amilliondollars Iwouldfirstdonatesomeofthemoneytopoorchildreninremotemountainousareas 5 Thedoctororderedthatshe stay inbedforafewdays were wouldbe wouldhavescored had should stay 6 Itisveryimportantthatyou master theskillsofputer 7 Englishteachersgiveadvicethatwe make gooduseofeverychancetospeakEnglish 8 Itishightimethatwe take somemeasurestoprotectthewildanimals 9 HowIwisheveryfamily have alargehousewithabeautifulgarden 10 Jane spalefacesuggestedthatshe be ill andherparentssuggestedthatshe have amedicalexamination should master should make took shouldtake had was should have 单句改错 下列每句中有一处错误 每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加 删除或修改 请指出并改正 1 HowIwishthereare28hoursadaysothatIhadmoretimeforfun 2 Hadheworkedhardyearsago hewouldbeeveryrich 3 IfIwereaboyagain Iwillrememberthatagoodskaternevertriestoskateintwodirectionsatonce 4 ButthefactthatChinaisalsoaffectedbytheglobaleconomiccrisis wewouldhavefewerworkersnow are were 在bee前加have will would 在But后加for 5 Itmighthavebeendonebetterifyouhavebeenmorecareful 6 IactuallybelievethatwewouldbeinXi annowifyouhadn tcaughtdrunkwhiledrivinglastmonth 7 Itishightimethatweestablishanhonestandfairsystemofeducation 8 Mr Li myEnglishteacher speaksEnglishasifheisanEnglishman 9 TibetissomysteriouslydescribedbysomepeoplethatIthinkifonlyIcangothere 10 I dratherhegoestothetheatretomorrow 第二个have had 在caught前加been establish established或在establish前加should is were can could goes went 语篇填空 阅读下面短文 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 TomandPeteraretwins Theylookasifthey1 be thesameperson Boththetwoboysaresmart butTomishard workingwhilePeterislazy Tomalwayswinsthefirstplaceintheexams whichsuggeststhathe2 be hard working Petercoulddobetter 3 hedoesn twanttoworkhard PeoplebelieveifPeter4 work ashardasTom hewoulddoaswellashisbrotherinhisstudy Athome theirparentsmakeasuggestionthatthey5 do thedishesinturnandinsistthatthey6 finish theirhomeworkbeforeplayingputergames ButPeterinsiststhatit7 be alsoOKtoplaygamesfirstaslongashecanhandinhishomeworkintime Theirmothergivesinintheend Oneday whendoinghishomework Tomfoundhemadeaseriousmistake So heputtheexercise bookasideandusedanotherone WhenPeterfoundthepreviousexercise book hestruckoutTom snameandsignedhisnameonitscoverhappily andhandeditinashisownhomeworkthenextday Whentheteachertoldthetruthtothetwins mother shekeptsilentfirstbutherexpressionsuggestedthatshe8 be angry Later sheshoutedatPeter HowIwishyou9 be asdiligentasyourbrother Nowit stimethatI10 give youagoodlesson AndIinsistthatyou11 notplay anyputergamesforawholemonthtoo RemembertodoasIaskyouto 12 youwouldbeforbiddentotouchtheputerforayear Oh no Mom 13 puterforsuchalongtime Iwoulddie Iwouldratheryou14 ask metodothedishesforamonthalone Peterwasupset Ifyou15 finish yourhomeworkontimeyesterday youwouldn tbepunishednow saidthemother 语篇导读 汤姆和彼特虽然长得很像且都很聪明 但学习上却一勤一懒 各不相同 甚至有一次彼特还因偷懒 投机取巧 闹出了笑话 1 were asif引导的表语从句是与现在事实相反的情况 从句谓语用一般过去时 be一般用were 2 is suggests表示 表明 说明 其后的宾语从句的谓语动词用陈述语气 3 but 本来可以做得更好 与 不愿努力学 是转折关系 故用连词but 4 worked if表示与现在事实相反的假设 从句谓语动词用一般过去时 5 should do 在表示 建议 的suggestion后的同位语从句中 谓语动词用 should do 6 should finish 在insist表示 坚决要求 时 其后的宾语从句的谓语动词用 should 动词原形 7 is 该句的insists表示 坚持认为 其宾语从句的谓语动词用陈述语气 8 was suggested表示 表明 说明 其宾语从句的谓语动词用陈述语气 9 were 在表示愿望的wish后的宾语从句 其宾语从句的谓语动词用一般过去式表示现在的愿望 10 gave或shouldgive 在It stimethat句型的that从句中 谓语动词用一般过去时或 should 动词原形 11 should notplay 句中insist表示 坚决要求 其宾语从句的谓语用 should 动词原形 12 or otherwise 由后面句中的谓语wouldbe可知 前面用or或otherwise 否则 来表示虚拟条件 13 Without 由后面的woulddie可知 填without表示虚拟条件 14 asked 在wouldrather后的从句中 用一般过去时表示现在或将来 15 hadfinished 表示与过去事实相反的情况 虚拟条件句的谓语用过去完成时 第二课时写作增分课 虚拟语气在写作中的增分点一 使用 虚拟语气 表达 愿望 1 我多么希望我能更聪明一些 精力更充沛一些 howIwish moreintelligent moreenergetic 2 要是我上初中时没把时间浪费在看小说上该多好啊 ifonly wastetimeindoing readnovels injuniorhighschool HowIwishIweremoreintelligentandmoreenergetic IfonlyIhadn twastedthetimeinreadingnovelswhenIwasinjuniorhighschool 3 是该你尽最大努力来赶上别人的时候了 it shightimethat catchupwithothers 4 我想你明天还是不来的好 Iwouldrather 5 他在课堂上如此昏昏欲睡 好像他几天都没睡过觉一样 sleepy inclass asif It shightimethatyoutried shouldtryyourbesttocatchupwithothers Iwouldratheryoudidn tetomorrow Hewassosleepyinclassasifhehadn tsleptawinkforseveraldays 6 我感到如此恶心 我希望母亲没有逼我吃那么多 sick wish force 二 在写作中巧妙运用虚拟条件句1 如果当时我身上钱足够的话 我就把那本书买下来了 haveenoughmoneywithme 2 如果明天下雨 野餐将会取消 putoff untilnextweek 条件句用三种方法翻译 Ifeelsosick IwishMumhadn tforcedmetoeatsomuch IfIhadenoughmoneywithmeatthattime Iwouldhaveboughtthebook Ifitrained shouldrain weretoraintomorrow thepicnicwouldbecancelled 3 如果你过去学英语方法正确的话 你的英语现在就不会这么糟 learnEnglishintherightway sobad 4 如果计划有变化 我会立即通知你 shouldtherebe change theplan inform immediately 5 要是你再早一点儿来的话 你就不会受到惩罚了 hadyou punish IfyouhadlearnedEnglishintherightway itwouldn tbesobadnow HadyoulearnedEnglishintherightway itwouldn tbesobadnow Shouldtherebeanychangeabouttheplan Iwouldinformyouimmediately Hadyoueearlier youwouldn thavebeenpunished Ifyouhadeearlier youwouldn thavebeenpunished 三 学会熟练使用含蓄条件句1 在竞赛中他本可以得金牌 但他却在比赛开始时就摔倒了 winagoldmedal but fallover 2 如果没有电 生活对于许多人来说将是痛苦的 without miserable Hecouldhavewonagoldmedal buthefelloverimmediatelytheracebegan Withoutelectricity lifewouldbemiserableformanypeople 3 路上堵车了 要不然我早就到了 becaughtin otherwise behereearlier 4 要不是你的帮助 我在作文竞赛中就得不了一等奖 butfor thefirstprize theEnglishWritingCompetition Iwascaughtinthetrafficjam otherwiseIwouldhaveehereearlier Butforyourhelp Iwouldn thavewonthefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition 四 用 should 动词原形 来表达 想让某人做某事 1 他坚持说他从来没有见过那支钢笔 并坚持要她道歉 insist makeanapology 2 医生脸上吃惊的表情表明我母亲的病很严重 医生建议她马上动手术 thesurprisedlook suggest illness serious beoperatedon Heinsistedthathehadneverseenthepenandinsistedshemakeanapology Thesurprisedlookonthedoctor sfacesuggestedthatmymother sillnesswasseriousandhesuggestedshebeoperatedonatonce 3 要求每个学生在听报告时要记笔记 request takenotes while 4 我们催促政府马上采取行动 urge thegovernment takemeasures Itisrequestedthateverystudenttakenoteswhilelisteningtothereport Weurgethatthegovernmenttakemeasuresatonce