高中英语 Unit 4 Sharing period 3 grammar课件 新人教版选修7.ppt

AttributiveClause restrictive 限制性定语从句 Unit4Sharing Revision 复习限定性定语从句 2 正确的选用关系代词和关系副词 本节课主要是复习已学的定语从句 让学生能回顾定语从句的基础知识 包括理解什么是先行词 什么是关系词 关系词的种类包括哪些 关系词在句中所起的作用等 其次从七个方面帮助学生真正掌握并运用好定语从句 这七个方面具体如下 1 指物时只用that或which的情况2 theway用做先行词3 介词 关系代词4 Whose用法及转换形式5 指人时that与who的区别6 如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词7 定语从句中的主谓一致问题课件中配备了大量的难度适当的练习 让学生马上学以致用 也能及时发现问题 解决问题 Revision 复习 观察下列句子注意划线部分1Theboywho thatissmilingisTom 2Maryhavereadallthebooks that Ilenther 3Jimistheboywhosehatisred 4Doyouknowthewomanwhomourteacheristalkingto 预习案 5Thisisthereasonwhy forwhichIwaslatethismorning 6Iwillneverforgetthedaywhen onwhichIgraduatedfromcollege 7Thisistheplacewhere atwhichIwasborn Revision 复习 预习案 是指在复合句中 修饰或的从句 被定语从句所修饰的或 引导定语从句的词 名词 代词 先行词 定语从句 关系词 I Revision概述 代词 名词 关系代词 关系副词 who whom whose which that as 地点 where时间 when原因 why 关系词 TheboywhoisreadingisTom 引导定语从句 代替先行词 在从句中担当一个成分 关系词的作用 1 2 3 先行词 关系代词 定语从句的分类 TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句TheNon restrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句 Revision RestrictiveAttributiveClause 先行词 关系词 定语从句 Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair Thestrucureofanattributiveclause 先行词 名词或代词 关系词 关系代词和关系副词 从句 缺少主语 宾语 状语 定语 但必须有谓语 WHY 已经作定语从句中的成分 基础知识 1 Theman cametoourschoolisMr Li 2 thegirl ImetjustnowisLucy 3 Thechild parentsaredeadiscalledTom 4 Aclockisamachine tellspeopletime who that whom whose which that Exercise 5 Ilikethebook youbought6 Hetoldmethereason hewaslate 7 September1stisthedate wegotoschool 8 Thisisthehouse Ilivedfortwoyears why when where that which Summary Theusageoftherelativepronouns who whom which that whose 表语 定语 as Summary theusageoftherelativeadverb when where why time place reason adverbial adverbial adverbial 1 指物时只用that或which的情况2 theway用做先行词3 介词 关系代词4 Whose用法及转换形式5 指人时that与who的区别6 如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词7 定语从句中的主谓一致问题 常见考点 RestrictiveAttributiveclause限制性定语从句 探究案 1 Thisisall Iknowaboutthematter A thatB whatC whoD whether2 Isthereanythingelse yourequire A whichB thatC whoD what3 Thelastplace wevisitedwastheGreatWall A whichB thatC whereD it that与which的区别 先行词为all little much everything nothing something anything等不定代词时 关系代词用 探究一 4 Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks interestedhimgreatlyintheschool A whichB thatC itD whom5 Thereisnodictionary youcanfindeverythingin A thatB whichC whereD inthat 6 Isoxygentheonlygas helpsfireburn A thatB C whichD it 7 Whichwasthehotel wasrecommendedtoyou A thatB whichC whereD it 先行词为人和物的组合 先行词被all little much every no 等修饰时 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰先行词前有序数词 thefirst 形容词最高级 thebest thelast thevery theonly等时 若主句中有疑问代词who或者which 为了避免重复 关系代词不要再用who which 而用that 1 先行词为all little much everything nothing something anything等不定代词 2 先行词被all little much every no 等修饰时 3 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰先行词前有序数词 thefirst 形容词最高级 thebest thelast thevery theonly等时 4 先行词为人和物的组合5 若主句中有疑问代词who或者which 为了避免重复 关系代词不要再用who which 而用that 只用that的情况 that与which的区别 1 Jimpassedthedrivingtest surprisedeverybodyintheoffice A whichB thatC thisD it 只用which的情况 1 逗号后面2 介词后面 2 Theday hewasbornwasAug 20 1952 A onwhichB thatC whichD this 填上合适的关系词并分析原因 1 Theway heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand 2 Theway hetolduswasquitesimple that which 不填 that inwhich 不填 缺状语 缺宾语 theway用做先行词 3 Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut hesaidit A thewayB inthewaythatC inthewayD thewaywhich 高考题链接 探究二 介词 关系代词 提醒 介词 关系代词引导的定语从句 关键是判断介词的选择 方法一 根据从句中动词与先行词习惯搭配方法二 根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系 注意 关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时 从句常常由 介词 关系代词 引出 此时关系代词只能用which或whom 不可用that或who代替 探究三 ThemanisfromBeijingUniversity Italkedabouthimatthemeeting Theman who whom that ItalkedaboutatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity Jointhemintoonesentence ThemanaboutItalkedatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity 关系代词紧跟在介词后面时 不能用that 也不能省略 常用which或whom 该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前 也可放在从句之尾 whom 但遇固定词组时 介词一般紧跟词组主体 不前置 Isthisthebook which that youarelookingfor 1 I vecometothepointwhereIcan tstandhim 2 Thecountryisinthesituationwhereawarwillbreakoutatanytime 我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了 国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中 where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词 但也有特殊情况 难点一 一些特殊词之后的where 解析 如果定语从句分别修饰point situation position part condition和case等表示抽象意义的词 常用where引导 意思是 到了某种地步 在某种境况中 1 Wearetryingtoreachapoint bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk A whichB thatC whereD when2 Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself Yes there sonepoint wemustinsiston A whyB whereC howD 高考题链接 做题要灵活 要分析句子成分 选择恰当的关系词 where that1 Thisisthelibrary Iborrowedthebook 2 Itisfromthislibrary Iborrowedthebook where that 定语从句与强调句 3 WheredidyoulastseeMr Smith Itwasinthehotel Ilived A thatB whichC whereD when 难点二 综合考查 近年来 高考对定语从句和其它从句如 强调句 名词性从句和状语从句等的综合考查越来越多 这就要求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力 友情提示 Whose用法及转换形式 1 whose引导定语从句 其后应紧跟名词 构成名词短语 That sthechildwhosefatherisateacher Doyouknowthewomanwhosehusbandisadoctor Thisisabookwhosecoverisgreen 2 whose引导定语从句 其先行词不仅可以指人 还可以指物 探究四 3 whose的先行词指物时 可用ofwhich代替 但词序不同 即whose 名词 the n ofwhich ofwhich the n Helivesintheroomwhosewindowfacessouth Helivesintheroom facessouth Helivesintheroom facessouth thewindowofwhich ofwhichthewindow Anyone breaksthelawispunished Those breakthelawarepunished He breaksthelawispunished 在anyone those he she I they作先行词时 用 who 代替 that that与who的区别 who who who 探究五 选用定语从句的关系词时 需注意两点 1 先行词2 关系词在从句中充当的成分 做主语 宾语 定语用 做状语用 关系代词 关系副词 如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词 探究六 Iwillneverforgettheday Ifirstwenttoschool Iwillneverforgettheday wespentinBeijing Thehouse wevisitedisbeingrepairednow Thehouse Luxunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow when which that which that where 定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致 1 Iamnotonewho afraidofdifficulty 2 Don tchooseme who notfitforthisjob is am 定语从句中主谓一致问题 探究七 3 Thisisoneofthebestbooks A thathaveeverbeenwrittenB thathaseverbeenwrittenC thathaswrittenD thathavewritten4 Sheistheonlyoneofthegirls wellinclass A whichsingsB whosingC whosingsD whotosing 能力提高 训练案 1 分不清关系词在从句中所担任的成分 1 I mverygladtoreturntomyhometown Ihadlivedfor10years 2 Thisismyhometown Iusedtotalkabouttoyou 3 IthinkIcanunderstandthereason hedidn ttellthetruthtome 4 Noonebelievesthereason hegaveusabouthisabsenceatthemeeting where which why that which I 定语从句常见错误 难点重点突破 2 把含有被动语态的定语从句与过去分词作定语混淆 Thehousewasbuilt100yearsagoisstillthere Thehousebuilt100yearsagoisstillthere Thehousewhich thatwasbuilt100yearsagoisstillthere Manyothermaterialssuchascottonandwoolalsocomefromplantsandanimals raise onfarms Thesnakethat save bythefarmwokeup bitthefarmerandranaway raised wassaved 3 因混淆定语从句 并列句 错用普通代词和关系词 Shefailedinthetestagain andwhichdisappointedherparents Shefailedinthetestagain itdisappointedherparents Shefailedinthetestagain whichdisappointedherparents Shefailedinthetestagain anditdisappointedherparents Shefailedinthetestagain Andit Itdisappointedherparents 4 混淆定语从句与强调句型Itisthefactory Mr Wangworks Itisinthefactory Mr Wangworks Itisontheisland theyspent10years Itistheisland theyspent10years Itisonthedate shewentabroad Itisthedate shewentabroad where that that where that when 5 在写作中常见错误1 在从句中使用了多余的代词I llgiveyouthebookwhichyou llfinditinteresting 2 遗漏了关系词Imetthemanstolemywatch 3 遗漏了应带的介词Let sfindaroomwhichwecanputourthings 4 从句主谓一致Iwon ttellyouthenameofthepersonwhoteachmeEnglish who in teaches II Correctthesentences 1 I musingthepenwhichheboughtityesterday 2 ThemanwhomIspokeisfromCanada 3 July1 1999isthedaywhenwe llneverforget to that 4 I mgoingtoworkinthehospitalwhereneedsme 5 Thosethathaven tbeentotheWestLakewillgatherattheschoolgate which who II Correctthesentences 6 ThisisthelasttimewhenI vegivenyoulessons 7 Thereasonwhichheexplainedittousagainsoundsreasonable that why II Correctthesentences 1 Trytofindallthesentenceswithattributiveclausesinthepassage 2 Finishofftheexercisesinyourlearningpapers Homework Thankyou