2019届高三英语下学期一模试卷有解析

2019 届高三英语下学期一模试卷有解析注意事项：1.本试卷分第 I 卷（选择题）和第 II 卷（非选择题）两部分。第 I 卷第 1 至第 10 页.第 II 卷第 11 至 12 页。共 150 分。考试用时 120分钟。2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置。3.第 I 卷每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。4.第 II 卷必须用 0.5 毫米黑色签字作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域相应的位置，不能写在试卷上；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带修改。第 I 卷第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 30 分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节 （共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What does the man mean?A. Janet will graduate next week.B. Janet doesnt like to work this week.C. Janet might not attend the ceremony.2. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a lab.B. In a phone shop.C. In Jennys house.3. What do you think the man will do?A. Take a travel.B. Buy some food.C. Visit a friend.4. What does the man want to do?A. Have a picnic.B. Have a barbecue.C. Have a sigh-seeing.5. How did the woman book the ticket?A. On online.B. By telephone.C. Going to the ticket office.第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有 2 至 4 个小题，从题中做给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5 秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6. Why does the man make the phone call?A. To discuss a website.B. To check an order.C. To change the delivery time.7. What day is it today?A. Monday.B. Thursday.C. Friday.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。8. What are the speakers doing?A. Preparing for a trip.B. Visiting the museum.C. Doing some shopping.9. What will the woman take?A. A guidebook.B. A coat.C. An umbrella.听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。10. When are the students supposed to meet for the field trip?A. At 7:00 am. B. At 7:15am. C. At 8:00am.11. How will the boy probably go to school today?A. By bus.B. In his moms car.C. In Mrs. Andersons car.12. What is the relationship between the boy and Billy?A. Brothers.B. Good friends.C. Colleagues.听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。13. Why does the woman come to the library?A. To look up some words.B. To borrow some dictionaries.C. To collect materials for her papers.14. What does the woman invite the man to do?A. Take a walk.B. Have some coffee.C. Have a chat.15. What does the man lose?A. His notebook.B. His bag.C. His paper cards.16. Where will the man go first?A. The study hall.B. The reading-room.C. The coffee house.听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。17. What does the man mainly talk about?A. A music concert tour in the countryside.B. A summer course of English-learning.C. A summer course for young musicians.18. Where does the man put up the advertisement?A. On the Internet.B. In the newspaper.C. On TV.19. What is required to take the course?A. Great musicians.B. Basic English skills.C. University students.20. Why is the course to be held in the university?A. The cost is low.B. It is more spacious.C. Its convenient for the students.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AFour apps for students to learn EnglishQuizletQuizlet is a learning app-a computer program you use on your mobile device. It can help users build and testtheir knowledge of English words and terms. Quizlet has word sets for millions of subjects. And, it is quickly becoming a useful mobile tool for language learners.SocrativeIn Socrative, teachers can create timed learning games. In class, students compete individually or as part of a team against classmates. One game students love is called space Race. In this game, if a team answers a question correctly, their rocket moves forward. This team whose rocket gets to the end first wins. Also, teachers can use Socrative as an “exit ticket,” a question they can ask students about what they learned in that days class. Students write their answers on their mobile devices. Then, the teacher can show the answers on a shared video screen.QR CodesA QR Code is a kind of sign that a smartphone can read with its camera. When your phone camera reads a QR code, it takes you to a website, image, video or anything you want to share. For example, one will take you to the VOA Learning English website.EvernoteEvernote lets users store and share notes, images and recordings in one place. Teachers can also use Evernote to give homework.1. Which is the best for students to build up vocabulary?A. Quizlet.B. QR Codes.C. Evernote.D. Socrative.2. What can a teacher do by using Socrative?A. Give homework.B. Carry out a classroom test.C. Look up new words.D. Visit an English-learning website.3. Whats the purpose of the text?A. To make an advertisement.B. To encourage using mobile phones.C. To improve English learning.D. To introduce some learning apps.【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D【解析】本文讲述了 4 个学英语的应用程序。【1 题详解】细节理解题。根据 It can help users build and test their knowledge of English words and terms.得知 Quizlet.这款应用可以帮助用户增加词汇量。故选 A。【2 题详解】细节理解题。根据 Also, teachers can use Socrative as an “exit ticket,” a question they can ask students about what they learned in that days class. Students write their answers on their mobile devices. Then, the teacher can show the answers on a shared video screen.得知老师们在Socrative 这款应用上可以给学生们出题，营造“虚拟课堂”检测学生学习情况。故选 B。【3 题详解】推理判断题。根据文章标题 Four apps for students to learn English 得知本文是为了介绍四款学习应用程序。故选 D。BNatalie Trayling is a famous street artist in Melbourne. At first, those who happened to pass by her and spare some change didnt even realize what a musical genius was playing. The emotional tune was not only masterfully played but also composed by Natalie herself when she was only 14. Gradually, as long as she appears, people will stop, absorbed in her music. Her music makes you think about calmness, the good things in life, and never giving up.But what people do not know is that behind the beautiful music of the old woman, it is full of bitterness. At the age of 12, she won a music scholarship at Santa Maria College. At 15 she knocked back a scholarship to the Royal Academy of Music in London because her parents couldnt pay non-tuition costs. When she left school, she taught piano at Santa Maria. Later she met her husband, Denis. They had four children, but the two of them died. In 1984, Denis asked for a divorce. Natalies son, Nathan, was given medication for depression. Natalie lived either outdoors in Royal Park or in boarding houses for nine years. In late 2003 Natalie collapsed with anaemia(贫血) and was hospitalized for six months.For half a century, Natalie has been teased by fate. But even so, she never gave up her love for music. When asked why the music was so important to her, she said: “Music is everything. I do feel part of it. The whole world is music.”When Natalie went on the Internet, she became a sign of Melbourne. People are impressed by her persistence in dreams and the optimism of life. Now she is no longer wandering around. She can play the piano at any time, but as long as the weather is good, she will walk to the streets of Melbourne, and play a touching melody for the rush of the city.4. Why is Natalies music so touching to the passers-by?A. It is full of bitterness.B. She composed it herself.C. Its a reflection of her own life.D. It reminds of the beauty of life.5. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “knocked back” in Paragraph 2?A. gave upB. obtainedC. acceptedD. was awarded6. What does music mean to Natalie?A. Its her hobby.B. Its the source of her misfortune.C. It is part of her life.D. Its a way to earn a living.7. What does the author try to tell us?A. Natalie is a musical genius.B. Life is not easy for everyone.C. Never give up halfway.D. Natalie has a strong and brave heart.【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. D【解析】【分析】本文介绍了澳大利亚墨尔本一位街头艺术家 Natalie Trayling：她披散着银色的长发，衣衫单薄，弱不禁风但只要是她出现的地方，都会引来人们驻足围观， 听过她演奏的人们无一不被老人乐声所折服，也被乐曲所表现出的情感深深触动了。【4 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段 Gradually, as long as she appears, people will stop, absorbed in her music. Her music makes you think about calmness, the good things in life, and never giving up.得知路人听到 Natalie 演奏都会驻足围观，因为 Natalie 的乐声让你沉静下来，思考生命中那些美好的事物，让你觉得永远都不要放弃。故选 D。【5 题详解】词义猜测题。根据 because her parents couldnt pay non-tuition costs.得知，Natalie 在 15 岁时，她拒绝了伦敦皇家音乐学院的奖学金，因为她的父母负担不起其他的杂费。故选 A。【6 题详解】细节理解题。根据 But even so, she never gave up her love for music. When asked why the music was so important to her, she said: “Music is everything. I do feel part of it. The whole world is music.”得知当被问及为什么音乐对她这么重要时，Natalie 说：音乐就是一切，她觉得自己是它的一部分，音乐是全世界。故选 C。【7 题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段得知 Natalie 在网上走红后，一下子成了墨尔本的标志。人们被她对梦想的执着和对生活的乐观精神所打动。说明作者想通过本文向我们介绍墨尔本坚强、勇敢的街头艺术家Natalie。故选 D。【点睛】解题剖析：此题属于猜测词义中的（4）：依据逻辑推理猜测词义。运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式。要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相关的词汇并结合具体的语境，从形式和内容上把握语言之间的内在联系，理顺语言之间的逻辑关系，进而达到猜词的目的。常见的逻辑关系有：因果关系，同位关系，对比关系，转折关系等。答案定位：根据 because her parents couldnt pay non-tuition costs.得知，Natalie 在 15 岁时，她拒绝了伦敦皇家音乐学院的奖学金，因为她的父母负担不起其他的杂费。推理关系：题干 Which of the following can replace the underlined word “knocked back” in Paragraph 2?文章内容根据 because her parents couldnt pay non-tuition costs.得知，Natalie 在 15 岁时，她拒绝了伦敦皇家音乐学院的奖学金，因为她的父母负担不起其他的杂费。答案：根据 because ?A 选项 gave upC3D printing is becoming more and more popular. We are now able to create things we need very quickly and easily using 3D printers. But can you imagine printing food?Some scientists are trying to revolutionize the dining experience by doing this. They hope that having a 3D printer in the kitchen will be as common as the microwave oven or blender.Scientists say that itll be quite easy: you simply have to select a recipe and put the raw food inks into the printer. You can also modify the instructions to make the food exactly how you want it. This means that it would be very quick and easy to create tasty and nutritious meals.Using 3D printers to create your meals would also be saving the environment. There would be less need for traditional growing, transporting and packaging processes as food production would be a lot more efficient. For example, alternative ingredients(原料) such as proteins from algae, beetroot leaves and insects could be converted into tasty products.Printing food could also help people who suffer from dysphasia (a swallowing disorder). They could program the printer to print softer versions of their favorite foods so that they would not have trouble in swallowing them.However, some people think that a future of 3D food printing would be a disaster. It could take away many jobs, including those fro growing, transporting and packaging food. Imagine a world where there was no need for farming or growing crops and the same tastes could be printed from a raw “food ink”. Likewise, traditional cafes and restaurants might lose business. Also, there are concerns about the nutritional value of printed food: is it really possible to be get the nutrients we need from food based inks and gels(凝胶)?Whats more , cooking and eating together with family and friends has long been a traditional and enjoyable activity. It is hard to imagine a world where the pleasure of cooking is dead and meals can be created at the touch of a button.8. Which of the following best describes 3D food printing?A. Quick and popular.B. Easy and efficient.C. Nutritious and tasty.D. Soft and convenient.9. Why do some think that 3D food printing would be a disaster?A. Traditional food would disappear.B. Many people could lose their jobs.C. It would affect the peoples health.D. We could all eat the same food.10. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. 3D food printing will replace traditional cooking.B. The future of 3D food printing is uncertain.C. It would hurt our tradition of food culture.D. 3D food printing would be a failure.11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. 3D food “printing”: coming to the kitchenB. Can 3D printing create everything?C. 3Dprinting food will be in fashion!D. The disadvantage of 3D food printing【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C 11. A【解析】本文介绍了一块新发明-3D 食物打印机，它是一款能像打印文件一样把食物“印“ 出来的机器。根据科学家拟定的设计蓝图，这部“3D食物打印机“配合传统工程计算机所用的 CAD 设计软件，懂得把什么材料放在什么位置，逐行逐层那样铺上去。他们相信，这部新产品将来可以作商业用途，只要普及成功，势必大大改变人类的生活面貌。【8 题详解】细节理解题。根据 This means that it would be very quick and easy to create tasty and nutritious meals.得知 3D 食物打印机很快很容易就能创造出好吃、有营养的食物。题干要求选出描述 3D 食物打印机最精确的词语，故选 B。【9 题详解】细节理解题。根据 However, some people think that a future of 3D food printing would be a disaster. It could take away many jobs, including those from growing, transporting and packaging food.得知一些人认为3D 食物打印机的未来是一个灾难，因为它会抢人们的饭碗- 比如食物的种植、运输、打包，故选 B。【10 题详解】推理判断题。根据 Whats more , cooking and eating together with family and friends has long been a traditional and enjoyable activity. It is hard to imagine a world where the pleasure of cooking is dead and meals can be created at the touch of a button.得知烹饪和聚餐是人类的传统活动，很难想像 3D 食物打印机带来的按钮世界，可以得知 3D 食物打印机的应用会破坏我们的传统饮食文化。故选 C。【11 题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文大意得知本文讲述了一项新发明-即将进入厨房的 3D 食物打印机，故选 A。【名师点睛】4 A【解题剖析】此题属于主旨大意中的（1）一一标题类。文章标题可以是单词，短语，也可以是句子，它的特点是：短小精悍，多为一短语；涵盖性强，一般要求能覆盖全文，其确定的范围要恰当，既不能太大，也不能太小；精确性强，不能随意改变语言表意的程度及色彩。答案需要理解文章后归纳文章中心。【答案定位】根据 Some scientists are trying to revolutionize the dining experience by doing this. They hope that having a 3D printer in the kitchen will be as common as the microwave oven or blender. 本文讲述了一项新发明-即将进入厨房的 3D 食物打印机。【推理关系】题干 Which of the following can be the best title for the text?文章内容 Some scientists are trying to revolutionize the dining experience by doing this. They hope that having a 3D printer in the kitchen will be as common as the microwave oven or blender.?概括总结?-即将进入厨房的 3D 食物打印机。?标题【答案】根据首段总结概括文章?A 选项 3D food “printing”: coming to the kitchenDThe year 2019 will mark the 100th anniversary of the deadliest influenza outbreak in history. It is estimated that the influenza pandemic(瘟疫) of 1918 killed more than 50 million people around the world. Other estimates go much higher. Because of a lack of medical recordkeeping, we may never know the exact number.The influenza was a fast killer. Some victims died within hours of their first symptoms. Others died after a few days. “their lungs filled with liquid and they choked to death.” The 1918 flu pandemic was also different from other outbreaks. It struck many young, healthy people. Viruses usually affect sick or old people.Although modern medicine effectively controls many diseases, influenza remains difficult to protect against. The World Health Organization estimates that every year influenza kills 250,000 to 500,000 people around the world. Each year, medical scientists develop flu vaccines(疫苗) which offer immunity(免疫) from some influenza viruses. But they can only guess which form of the virus will spread.Health officials remain concerned about another flu pandemic. New forms of the flu virus appear regularly. One example was the “swine flu” or H1N1 outbreak in 2009. Anthony Fauci, Director of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases in the United States says that virus caused a true pandemic.To stop the next pandemic, scientists are now researching how to create a universal influenza vaccine. In October 2019, Vanderbilt University Medical Center in the U. S. announced the Universal Influenza Vaccine Initiative. The university said researchers are leading an international effort to develop a universal influenza vaccine that will protect everyone against all forms of the flu anywhere in the world. The university added that researchers will begin tests in early 2019. the Human Vaccines Project, a publicprivate partnership, is funding the project. However, until a universal influenza vaccine is available, todays seasonal flu vaccine remains important.12. What do we know about the influenza in 1918?A. It swept across the whole Europe.B. No one survived the first few days.C. It killed the largest number of people.D. It struck only young and healthy people.13. Why is influenza difficult to protect against?A. It spreads too rapidly.B. It is quite easy to catch.C. No vaccine is available.D. Its hard to judge the form of virus.14. What does the author want to tell by mentioning H1N1 in 2009?A. New forms of flu virus keeps appearing.B. It was the most serious in recent years.C. It was caused by the same flu virus of 1918.D. The H1N1 virus was deadly as well.15. What can we learn about the universal influenza vaccine?A. The development is quite costly.B. It will be used all over the world.C. It can protect against all forms of flu.D. It will soon come into use in 2019.【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. C【解析】2018 将是历史上最致命的流感爆发的第 100 周年纪念。1918 年的流感大流行导致全世界超过 5000 万人死亡。可见流感病毒比战争更致命。为了阻止下一次大流行, 科学家们正在研究如何制造一种通用流感疫苗。【12 题详解】细节理解题。根据 The year 2018 will mark the 100th anniversary of the deadliest influenza outbreak in history. It is estimated that the influenza pandemic(瘟疫) of 1918 killed more than 50 million people around the world.得知 2018 将是历史上最致命的流感爆发的第 100 周年纪念。科学家估计, 1918 年的流感大流行导致全世界超过 5000 万人死亡。故选 C。【13 题详解】细节理解题。根据 Each year, medical scientists develop flu vaccines. But they can only guess which strain of the virus will spread. 得知每年, 医学科学家都在研制流感疫苗。但他们只能猜测病毒的哪种菌株会传播。可以推断出流感仍然难以抵御是因为专家不能确定病毒的形式，故选 D。【14 题详解】推理判断题。根据 Health officials remain concerned about another flu pandemic. New strains of the flu virus appear regularly. One example was the “swine flu“ or H1N1 outbreak in 2009.卫生官员仍对另一场流感大流行感到担忧。新的流感病毒菌株定期出现。其中一个例子是2009 年的 “猪流感“ 或甲型 h1n1 流感疫情。得知举例是为了说明新的流感病毒还在不断出现，故选 A。【15 题详解】推理判断题。根据 The university said researchers are leading an international effort to develop a universal influenza vaccine that will protect everyone against all forms of the flu anywhere in the world得知研究人员正在 “领导国际社会努力研制一种通用流感疫苗 , 以保护每个人抵御世界上任何地方的流感病毒，故选 C。第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Last summer over 12,000 fans were at Wembley Arena in London, shouting and cheering. Thousands more were watching online._16_It was esports, or competitive computer gaming.Millions of people in the UK play computer games for fun. Some of them have become professional gamers, playing games as their full-time job._17_They practice for ten or more hours a day, five or six days a week. They do exercises like typing something and trying to type it faster and faster. They also study videos of other players and plan ways to beat them._18_Are players athletes? Some say no. Esports players dont need to run, jump, throw or do big physical actions. At the moment, the UK government classifies esports as kinds of games, not as sports.But others say yes: esports are sports. Players do need some physical skills, especially hand-eye coordination, reflexes, accuracy and timing. If darts, snooker and shooting are classified as sports, then perhaps esports should be too._19_And they will be an official medal sport in the Asian Games starting from 2022. Next step: the Olympics?For many esports fans and players, though, the most important thing is that esports are growing in popularity and importance._20_A. But are esports really sports?B. All like playing computer games.C. Its not easy being a professional gamer, though.D. But this wasnt a football, basketball or tennis match.E. It is certain that esports will come into the 2024 Olympics.F. In fact, China and South Korea do classify esports as sports.G. If esports are not as important as sports now, they definitely will be in the near future.【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A 19. F 20. G【解析】电子竞技的火爆已成为现实，但溯本清源，关于电子竞技究竟应该怎么定位和归类的问题，各方依然秉持不同的观点。【16 题详解】根据空格后的 It was esports, or competitive computer gaming.这是一场电脑游戏竞技比赛。得知前面是人们欢呼观看的不是球赛。故选D。【17 题详解】根据空格后的 They practice for ten or more hours a day, five or six days a week.他们每天练习比赛长达 10 小时之上，每周 5 到 6 天。得知这些专业游戏家们很辛苦，不容易。故选 C。【18 题详解】根据空格后的提问与回答 Are players athletes? Some say no. At the moment, the UK government classifies esports as kinds of games, not as sports.电竞比赛选手是运动员吗？英国政府把这种电竞分类为游戏比赛而不是体育。得知句首提问电竞是否是运动。故选 A。