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Unit 1 The worldA卷 单项填空1(2018南京高三年级学情调研)The traditional _ to dealing with plex problems is to break them down into smaller, more easily managed ones.AapplicationBreferenceCapproachDintroductionC解析：句意：解决复杂问题的传统方法是把它们分解为更小的、 更容易处理的问题。approach意为“方法； 途径”， 后常接介词to。其他选项意义不符合。application “应用； 申请”； reference “参考； 推荐人； 推荐函”； introduction “介绍”。2Seeing the girl struggling in the lake, he threw himself in the icy water without _， and saved her from drowning.AhesitationBapplicationCsuggestionDrepetitionA解析：考查名词辨析。句意：看到那个女孩在湖里挣扎， 他毫不犹豫地跳进冰冷的水里救下眼看要溺水的女孩。hesitation “犹豫”； application “申请， 运用”； suggestion “建议”； repetition “重复”。根据句意可知， 应选A项。3(2018南通调研)Much to our _， the oute of the general election is far better than we have expected before.AdelightBreliefCsurpriseDdisappointmentB解析：大选结果远比之前我们预料的要好， 这使我们很宽慰。 to ones relief “使人宽慰的是”，符合句意。 to ones delight “令某人高兴的是”； to ones surprise “令某人惊讶的是”； to ones disappointment “令某人失望的是”。4Although Kate didnt say anything, I _that she didnt like this young man.AstaredBfearedCsensedDwatchedC解析：句意：尽管凯特没说什么， 但我能感觉到她不喜欢这个年轻人。sense “感觉到”， 符合句意。5(2018泰州中学学情诊断)It is obvious to the students_ they should get wellprepared for their future.AasBwhichCwhetherDthatD解析：考查名词性从句中的主语从句用法。分析句子结构可知it为形式主语， 代替_ they should get wellprepared for their future, 并且从句意思完整， 不缺成分，故选D项。6The final score of the basketball match was 9394.We were only _beaten.AnearlyBslightlyCnarrowlyDlightlyC解析：句意：篮球比赛最后的比分是93比94。我们勉强被打败。nearly “几乎”； slightly “稍微”； narrowly “勉强地； 差一点儿”； lightly “轻微地； 轻度地”。7The book wasnt intended for children probably because the author _too many scientific terms in it.AattractedBappealedCemployedDattachedC解析：句意：这本书不适合孩子读， 很可能因为作者在书里使用了太多的科学术语。employ “使用”； attract “吸引”； appeal “迎合； 吸引”； attach “粘贴； 附属于”。8pared with his sister, Jerry is even more_ to, and more easily troubled by, emotional and relationship problems.AscepticalBaddictedCavailableDsensitiveD解析：句意：与他的妹妹相比， Jerry对情感和人际关系方面的问题更敏感， 更容易被困扰。sensitive “敏感的； 易受伤害的”。sceptical “怀疑的”； addicted “沉迷的”； available “(物)可用的； 可得到的； (人)可会见的”。9Its reported that the factory is now _ large as what it was.Atwice asBas twiceCtwice muchDmuch twiceA解析：句意：据报道这个工厂现在是以前的两倍大。 倍数的表示法有多种， 此处为 “倍数as形容词/副词原级as其他” 结构。10In their spare time, the couple often take the kids to galleries, museums and theaters, hoping to _ them to as much art and culture as possible.AexposeBattachCchallengeDpromoteA解析：考查动词辨析。 句意：这对夫妇在空闲时间常常带他们的孩子们去画廊、 博物馆和电影院， 希望让他们尽可能多地接触艺术和文化。 这里用expose “体验， 接触”。 attach “把固定”； challenge “向(某人)挑战”； promote “提升”。 11_was needed at that time，she told me，was some good luck.AThatBWhatCWhichDAsB解析：考查名词性从句。句意：她告诉我，那个时候她需要的就是一些好运气。分析句子结构可知，“_was needed at that time”为主语从句，且从句中缺主语，故用what，选B。12The pany is starting a new advertising campaign to_new customers to its stores.AjoinBattractCstickDtransferB解析：句意：为了把新的顾客吸引到店内， 公司开始了一场新的广告战。 attract “吸引”； join “参加”； stick “粘， 贴； 固定在某处”； transfer “转移； 传给”。 13In China people believe in the saying “out of debt, out of pressure”； however, in the west, it is just the_when you are in debt, you are trustworthy and financially capable.AobjectiveBoppositeCcontraryDcontradictoryB解析：考查形容词辨析。 句意：在中国， 人们相信 “无债一身轻” 这句谚语； 然而， 在西方国家却正好相反当你负债的时候， 你是值得信任的、 有经济能力的。 objective “客观的”； opposite “相反的”； contrary “相反的， 相对立的”； contradictory “相互矛盾的”。 根据句意可知， 分号前后是截然相反的两种情况， 因此B项符合语境。 the contrary虽然也可以表示 “相反的”， 但是不作表语。 14The parking rules in public places should be _ strictly, otherwise you will get a ticket.ArealizedBrecognizedCconsultedDobservedD解析：句意：公共场所的停车规定应该严格遵守， 否则你会拿到一张罚单。 observe “遵守”。15 “Could we put off the meeting? ” she asked. “_，” he answered politely. “This is the only day everyone is available.” ANot likelyBNot exactlyCNot nearlyDNot reallyA解析：根据答语后半句可以知道 “大家只有今天都有空”， 所以对推迟会议的建议表示委婉拒绝。 Not likely “不见得， 不大可能” 符合题意。 Not exactly “不完全； 不全是； 未必就”； Not nearly “远不及， 完全不”； Not really “事实上不是”。 阅读理解The International Voluntary Service runs a number of Youth Exchanges throughout the year.Youth Exchanges give small groups of 45 young people the opportunity to take part in volunteering trips abroad for an average of two weeks.These young people are joined by 45 young people from 34 other nationalities and are a wonderful intercultural experience in a safe environment.Example Youth Exchanges：Youth Exchange 1Location: IrelandOther nationalities: Ireland, Spain, Italy, HungaryTheme: Focuses on the topic of munity reconstruction and munity activitiesexploring how local issues facing our munities are connected to global issues.The group will also learn about the ecovillage as an example of a munity and take part in teambuilding activities.Youth Exchange 2Location: FranceOther nationalities: Bulgaria, Italy, FranceTheme: Organic gardening & continual living.This project will take place in a natural park, where the group will take part in gardening activities and games/workshops about continuous development.Youth Exchange 3Location: MacedoniaOther nationalities: Serbia, Turkey, IrelandTheme: Foster(培养) social inclusion and motivate personal development of young people through sports and outdoor activities.Promote outdoor activities as a tool to help inclusion of young people with fewer opportunities.Youth Exchange 4Location：ItalyOther nationalities: Italy, Bulgaria, GreeceTheme: A socialenvironmental project that intends to promote social inclusion and continuous development, regarded as a process of civil rights and active citizenship.Over 10 days, the group will participate in activities to raise awareness about the effect of our behavior on the environment.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要向读者介绍了四种青年交流活动，这些活动可以让来自不同国籍的年轻人体验到跨国文化。1What do you focus on when travelling in France?AGardening work.BCivil rights.CDeveloping social inclusion.DRebuilding munities.A解析：细节理解题。根据Youth Exchange 2部分的Theme: Organic gardening & continual living.This project will take place in a natural park, where the group will take part in gardening activities and games/workshops about continuous development.可知，在法国举行的青年交流活动中，你可以参加园艺工作。故选A。2If you are interested in protecting the environment, you can take part in _AYouth Exchange 1BYouth Exchange 2CYouth Exchange 3DYouth Exchange 4D解析：细节理解题。根据Youth Exchange 4部分最后一句.the group will participate in activities to raise awareness about the effect of our behavior on the environment.可知，如果你对保护环境感兴趣，你可以参加的青年交流活动是Youth Exchange 4。故选D。3Which nationality are Youth Exchanges most popular with?ASpain.BItaly.CIreland.DFrance.B解析：细节理解题。根据文中提到的四个青年交流活动中的“Other nationalities”部分的内容可知，这种青年交流活动最受意大利人欢迎。故选B。 任务型阅读(2018盐城模拟)What is ecofashion? Ecofashion is about making clothes that take into account the environment, the health of consumers and the working conditions of people in the fashion industry.It is a plex phenomenon and the mon use of the term covers two aspects of fashion “ecological” and “ethical”. Ecological fashion usually refers to textile(织物) and clothing production processes and the environmental issues surrounding them; ethical fashion generally relates to the working conditions involved in the producing processes.What are the problems with fashion? A closer look at the fashion industry points out many problems that are mon practices in the creation of our fashions from the field to the factory.Firstly, the production of textiles pollutes the environment heavily.Cottonplanting uses pesticides; sheepfarming and woolcleaning contribute to global warming; syntheticsmaking(人造纤维生产) brings about waste which does harm to our environment.Secondly, every stage of clothing production has a significant effect on the environment.They all use a great deal of energy, and some also involve harmful chemicals.In addition to this, there is a lot of waste produced in the process, especially in the form of polluted water.Thirdly, growing consumption levels and our shopping habits further worsen the bad effects.We are now buying clothes in increasing quantities without realizing the scale on which it affects natural environment, and we are also quick to throw away clothes that have been worn only a couple of times.Then, how to solve the problems? Other industries that design products are ahead of the fashion industry when it es to choosing sustainable materials, designing for minimum waste, choosing energy efficient manufacturing and creating products for longevity.The fashion industry has been slow to adopt these changes and part of the problem is the very nature of fashion.To a large degree, it is the fashion producers that really have the power and the responsibility to shape our future.There are numerous ways in which these producers can reduce their ecological footprint, from switching to green energy and reducing energy use, through selecting sustainable materials and choosing local suppliers, to recycle and minimize waste.On the other hand, as consumers we can all make contributions by selecting environmentally friendly clothing and reducing clothing consumption.There is some concern that ecofriendly fashions are just a trend that we will eventually grow tired of, but we can make sure that doesnt happen.Now many people are beginning to shop for organic food products because the benefits of eating food free of chemicals are straightforward and immediate.They relate directly to our personal health.In fact, choosing ecofashion can also contribute to our personal health, though it is mostly done by the way of keeping the health of the planet.Why Choose EcoFashion？1._of fashionEcologicalTextile & clothing production processes；Issues related to 2._EthicalWorking 3._involvedProblems with fashionTextile 4._Cottonplanting: use of pesticides；Sheepfarming & woolcleaning: global warming；Syntheticsmaking：5._wasteClothing productionProducing a lot of waste；Using harmful chemicals; 6._ a great deal of energyConsumptionlevels &shoppinghabitsNew clothes: bought in increasing quantities；Old clothes：7._away quickly续表Why Choose EcoFashion？8._to problemsFashionproducersWays to recycle and 9._waste: switching to green energy；reducing energy use；selecting sustainable materials；choosing local suppliers10._Selecting environmentally friendlyclothing；Reducing clothing consumption Choosing ecofashion can contribute to our personal health.答案：1.Aspects2.environment3.conditions4.production5.harmful6.Consuming/Using7.thrown8Solutions9.minimize10.ConsumersB卷 完形填空Im sitting at the airport watching people in the last minutes before their loved ones arrive or depart.A woman is running in circles trying to gather family members together for a _1_. When the final moment es before _2_， she wraps her arms around her son, giving him a _3_ hug that should protect him until he _4_I sit with a book in my hands, waiting my turn to leave _5_because the ones I love have a different _6_from mine.I think of other departures and arrivals. I _7_seeing my daughter. I wrapped myself around her as if shed been _8_. That year she was in her first year at university, ing home for the first time.Today my flight is two hours late. When my flight is _9_called, I gather my book and luggage. _10_there is no one to see me off, I do not _11_to see where I have e from. _12_， I think of my husband at work _13_ if I have left yet.As I head towards the plane, I find myself _14_yet another arrival and departure. That year, my 91yearold grandfather died. After returning from his funeral, I arrived at the airport _15_. My husband of only a year was waiting at the gate to take me in his arms. Because of my tears, _16_was looking at us, but I didnt _17_Life needs the important _18_all the time. I wish that all the people who went on a _19_could e back to find someone _20_them. I also wish they could leave with someone to see them off.【解题导语】作者在机场看到迎接与送行的场景，回忆起与女儿和丈夫的温馨往事，意识到人生中需要欢聚与离别这些重要的时刻。1A.lectureBgoodbyeCdinnerDpartyB解析：结合上文出现的“arrive or depart”和下文中的“the final moment”可知，空处应该是一个告别(goodbye)的场景，故选B。2A.gatheringBboardingCannouncingDlandingB解析：根据语境可知，此处表示登机(boarding)前最后的时刻，故选B。3A.powerfulBgentleCwarmDmonA解析：结合下文中的“protect him”可知，母亲在儿子登机前给他一个强有力的(powerful)拥抱，故选A。gentle“温柔的”；warm“温暖的”；mon“共同的，普遍的”。4A.leavesBsurvivesCreturnsDrecoversC解析：根据语境可知，快要登机的时候，母亲给了儿子一个强有力的拥抱，自然是盼望儿子能一路平安并平安归来，故选C。leave“离开”；survive“幸存，艰难渡过”；recover“恢复”。5A.frightenedBanxiousCrelaxedDaloneD解析：根据空后的“because the ones I love have a different _from mine”和下文中的“there is no one to see me off”可知，作者是一个人(alone)，没有人来为她送行，所以选D。frightened“害怕的，受惊的”；anxious“焦虑的，渴望的”；relaxed“放松的”。6A.scheduleBattitudeCpositionDtargetA解析：根据语境可知，作者一个人离开是因为所爱之人都有不同的日程安排。schedule“日程安排，计划表”符合语境，故选A。7A.imagineBenjoyCrecallDconsiderC解析：结合语境可知，作者回忆起(recall)女儿上大学第一次回家的往事，所以选C项。8A.stolenBcheatedClostDpunishedC解析：根据语境可知，作者一把抱住女儿，好像她走失了很久。lost“丢失的，遗失的”符合语境，故选C。9A.punctuallyBfinallyCabruptlyDrepeatedlyB解析：结合语境可知，作者等待很久之后，所乘的航班终于(finally)通知登机了，故选B。punctually“准时地”；abruptly“突然地”；repeatedly“反复地”。10A.AlthoughBWhileCTillDSinceD解析：根据语境可知，“_there is no one to see me off”和“I do not _to see where I have e from”是因果关系，所以空处用Since“因为，既然”。11A.slow downBget offClook backDrun awayC解析：既然没有人来送行，作者不需要回头张望(look back)。 slow down“放慢，减速”；get off“下车，离开”；run away“突然离开，逃离”。12A.HoweverBBesidesCInsteadDThereforeC解析：结合语境可知，作者没有回头张望，相反地，作者想的是，还在上班的丈夫不知道作者是否已经离开。故选C项。13A.doubtingBaskingCpredictingDwonderingD解析：参见上题解析。wonder if.“不知道是否”符合语境，故选D。14A.rememberingBforgettingCplanningDrejectingA解析：结合语境可知，作者发现自己记得(remembering)另一次以前的迎接与送行，故选A。15A.shoutingBcryingClaughingDwhisperingB解析：结合下文中的“Because of my tears”可知，此处应用crying。shout“大喊，喊叫”；laugh“大笑，笑”；whisper“低语，悄声说”。16A.someoneBeveryoneCnoneDanyoneB解析：此处指的是，因为作者哭泣，每个人(everyone)都在看着作者和她的丈夫。故选B。17A.careBrespondCscoldDfleeA解析：虽然大家都在看，但是作者并不在意(care)，故选A。respond“回复，作出反应”；scold“训斥，责骂”；flee“逃离”。18A.arrivalBchanceCdepartureDmomentD解析：根据语境可知，人生中一直需要这样重要的时刻(moment)，故选D。arrival“到达”；chance“机会”；departure“离开”。19A.journeyBdietCpicnicDholidayA解析：根据语境可知，作者希望所有出行(journey)的人回来时都能看到有人在等待(waiting for)他们。故选A。20A.worrying aboutBsmiling atCtalking ofDwaiting forD解析：参见上题解析。 阅读理解ABack home from the Navy，I started school at Greenville College in my hometown of Illinois. Id been out of high school for four years，but my high school headmaster，Mr.Gardner，invited me to a Valentines Day dance party at school. The thought of seeing my former teachers was exciting. So I agreed.When Friday came, I cleaned up，dressed up and drove to the high school gym. I chatted with my teachers and approached Mr. Gardner to thank him before leaving. Just then, the band started playing and a young girl stood up to sing. One look at her and I was crazyI had never seen such a beautiful girl!I asked Mr. Gardner who she was，and he answered，“Thats Marilyn Riley，Cut Rileys daughter.”I was shocked to say the least. They lived just around the corner from me. I walked across the gym floor to introduce myself，“Hi，Im Jack Joseph.”“I know who you are，”was her nottoofriendly response.“Would you like to dance？” I asked. “No！Im working，” she shot back.“Can I call you next week for a movie date？” I asked. “No” was her response.For the next month I phoned，trying to set up a date. She always had the same answer：No. Then one rainy afternoon in March as I was driving home after basketball practice，I saw Marilyn, walking with no umbrella，no raincoat and no hat. I pulled alongside her and asked if she needed a ride，half expecting her to say no. Instead，she stepped over the roadside and sat down on the seat next to me. It was only a few blocks to her house，but after pulling into her driveway we talked for 45 minutes. It was magic from then on.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者海军退伍之后受母校校长邀请参加情人节舞会，遇到一位女孩并与其交往的故事。1Why did Jack decide to attend the party?AThe party was held to wele him back home.BMarilyn would be introduced to him at the party.CHe could meet some of his former teachers there.DThey gathered there to celebrate Valentines Day.C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的最后两句可以看出，由于在情人节舞会上可以见到原来的老师，所以作者决定参加舞会。所以选C项。2What was the authors attitude towards the party?ACasual.BFormal.CPassive.DWorried.B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段首句的描述可以看出，作者对这次舞会的态度是很正式的(formal)。所以选B项。3We can infer from the text that_AJack once served in the army after high schoolBit took Jack 45 minutes to drive Marilyn homeCJack and Marilyn were familiar with each otherDit was Marilyns cold attitude that interested JackA解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的“Back home from the Navy. Id been out of high school for four years”可以推断，作者在高中毕业后去海军服役了4年，退役后就读于家乡的大学。所以选A项。4How would the story most probably develop in the end？AMarilyn would fall in love with Jack.BJack would make great achievements in college.CMarilyn would bee a famous singer.DJack would have frequent conflicts with Marilyn.A解析：推理判断题。根据末段最后两句可以看出，作者和这位女孩的关系有很大改善。特别是从最后一句“从那以后(我们之间的关系)很神奇”可以推断出，故事结局与两人的关系有关，而四个选项的叙述之中，只有选项A提及二人关系。所以选A项。BMay Day, the first day of May, is celebrated as a spring festival in many countries. It marks the approach of summer.The English developed their May Day festival from the Roman festival called Floralia. In the festival of Floralia, the Romans gathered flowers to honor the goddess of spring, Flora. In the Middle Ages, May Day became the favorite holiday of many English villages. People gathered flowers to decorate their homes and churches, sang spring songs and chose a king and a queen of May. Villagers danced around a tall pole fixed upright in the ground, called a maypole, each holding the end of a ribbon attached to the top of the pole. They tied the ribbons around the pole until it was covered with bright colors. They collected dew(露水) on May Day morning and washed their faces with it because they believed that the dew on the day had the magic power to regain youth.Nowadays in Britain people no longer attach great importance to the day, but in some towns and villages people still celebrate it by choosing the May Queen and dancing around the maypole. May Queen is a girl selected as the most beautiful girl on May Day. She is usually crowned with flowers and often driven in procession through the street. In the United States, the day has never been celebrated with the same enthusiasm as in Britain. But in many American towns and cities, children celebrate the day with dancing and singing. They often gather flowers in handmade paper baskets and hang them on the doorknobs of the homes of their friends and neighbors on May Day morning. At May Day parties, children select May Queen, dance around the maypole, and sing May Day songs.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了欧洲国家的传统节日“五朔节”。5What do we know about the May Day in Britain in the Middle Ages?APeople dressed in bright colors.BPeople celebrated it with enthusiasm.CPeople presented flowers to the goddess of spring.DPeople stayed at home instead of going to churches.B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容特别是第三、四句可知，在中世纪，英国人通过举行各种活动，热情地庆祝五朔节，故B项正确。6Why did people wash their faces with dew on May Day?ATo bring good luck. BTo bee prettier.CTo get magic power. DTo get young again.D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，人们在五朔节用露水洗脸，是因为他们相信露水在当天有恢复青春的魔力，故D项正确。7Para
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