2019-2020年高中英语 第三单元过关检测 新人教版必修5.doc

2019-2020年高中英语 第三单元过关检测 新人教版必修5.阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共12小题;每小题2.5分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。What will man be like in the futurein 5,000 or even 50,000 years from now?We can only make guesses,of course,but we can be sure that he will be different from what he is today.For man is slowly changing all the time.Let us take an obvious example.Man,even five hundred years ago,was shorter than he is today.Now,on average,men are about three inches taller.Five hundred years is relatively a short period of time,so we may assume that man will continue to grow taller.Again,in the modern world we use our brains a great deal.Even so,we still make use of only about 20% of the brains capacity.As time goes on,however,we shall have to use our brains more and more,and eventually we shall need larger ones!This is likely to bring about a physical change to the head,in particular the forehead,will grow larger.Nowadays our eyes are in constant use.In fact,we use them so much that very often they bee weaker and we have to wear glasses.But over very long period of time it is likely that mans eyes will grow stronger.On the other hand,we tend to make less use of our arms and legs.These,as a result,are likely to grow weaker.At the same time,however,our fingers will grow more sensitive because they are used a great deal in modern life.But what about hair?This will probably disappear from the body altogether in course of time because it does not serve a useful purpose any longer.In the future,then,both sexes are likely to be bald.Perhaps all this gives the impression that future man will not be a very attractive creature to look at!This may well be true.All the same,in spite of all these changes,future man will still have a lot in mon with us.He will still be a human being,with thoughts and emotions similar to our own.1.The passage mainly tells us that.A.mans life will be different in the futureB.future man will look quite different from usC.man is growing taller and uglier as time passesD.mans organs functions will change提示:全文理解题。本文主要介绍未来人类的外貌。A:未来的生活,与中心思想不符。C项不具备概括性。D:器官功能衰退,不能概括未来人类身体的变化。答案:B2.What serves as the evidence that man is changing?A.Man has got stronger eyes now than he ever had.B.Mans hair is getting thinner and thinner.C.Mans arms and legs have bee lighter and weaker.D.Man has been growing taller over the past 500 years.提示:细节理解题。由第二段第二句“Man,evenfivehundredyearsago,wasshorterthanheistoday.”可知D项正确。A、B、C三项均为人类未来的变化趋势,而不是人类变化的证据。答案:D3.The change in mans size of forehead is probably because .A.he makes use only 20% of the brains capacityB.his brain has grown larger over the past centuriesC.the other 80% of his brain will grow in due timeD.he will use his brain more and more as time goes on提示:细节理解题。第二段最后两句说人类将更多地使用大脑,最终大脑变大,前额增大。答案:D4.It is implied that .A.human beings will bee less attractive in the futureB.less use of a bodily organ may lead to its degenerationC.human beings hope for a change in the future lifeD.future life is always predictable提示:推理判断题。从人类身体变化可以看出,经常使用的器官部位,如大脑手指将变得发达。而不常用的器官会退化。A项在原文已经直接提到,不能算作推论。答案:BBWhat will people die of 100 years from now?If you think that is a simple question,you have not been paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in biotechnology(生物技术).With the help of new medicine,the human body will last a very long time.Death will e mainly from accidents,murder and war.Todays leading killers,such as heart disease,cancer,and aging itself,will bee distant memories.In discussion of technological changes,the Internet gets most of the attention these days.But the change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times.How long can humans live?Human brains were known to decide the final death.Cells(细胞) are the basic units of all living things,and until recently,scientists were sure that the life of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the basic materials of cells,such as those of brain cells,would not last forever.But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine.Sometime between 2050 and 2100,medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so,people will be able to take medicine to repair their organs.The medicine,made up of the basic building materials of life,will build new brain cells,heart cells and so onin much the same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones.It is exciting to imagine that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic condition of human existence,but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future.5.According to the passage,the human death is now mainly caused by .A.diseases and aging B.accidents and warC.accidents and agingD.heart disease and war提示:细节理解题。由文章第一段最后一句可知,当今生命的主要杀手有心脏病、癌症和衰老。答案:A6.In the authors opinion,todays most important advance in technology lies in .A.medicineB.the InternetC.brain cellsD.human organs提示:细节理解题。第二段前两句的意思是“在讨论技术变化时,人们往往注意到的是网络。然而药方面的变化可能是当今技术方面的真正事件”,故选A项。答案:A7.Humans may live longer in the future because .A.heart disease will be far away from usB.human brains can decide the final deathC.the basic materials of cells will last foreverD.human organs can be repaired by new medicine提示:推理判断题。由第二段的后半部分可知,从2050到2100年间,每隔10年左右,人们可以通过服药来修复生病或衰老的器官,这是未来生命延长的原因。答案:D8.How long can humans live in the future according to the passage?A.Over 100 years.B.More than 120 years.C.About 150 years.D.We dont know.提示:细节理解题。阅读全文可知,文章没有具体告诉我们人们将来能活多少年。答案:DCWe dont know how different our future will be in the future.We can only try to imagine it.At first we think about human relationship.In the year 2050,we will use puters almost every day.We will be making new friends through the Interneteven our husbands or wives will be met in this way.It will be much faster and easier for us.On the other hand,our relationships with people wont be as important as they are todaywe will feel a little lonely.puters will also help us in many other activities in 2050.For example,they will be used by the children at school to make their learning easier.In addition,there will be much more other machines which will play a similar role as puters,like robots which will do the housework for us.Spending holidays will also be pletely different.Traveling to other planets or to the moon will be available for everyone.Means of transport will,of course,change,too.We will be using solar-powered cars,which will be much more environmentally friendly.We could expect that the faster technological progress would lead to a more polluted environment.But it isnt true.We will pay more attention to protecting the environment.And,scientists will probably find cures for many dangerous diseases,like cancer or AIDS.Therefore,our surroundings as well as health will be in better condition.Although we cant predict the exact changes which will be made in the world,we often think about them.We worry about our and our childrens future;we have expectations,hopes as well as fears.But I think we should be rather sanguine about our future.We should be happy and believe good things will happen.9.Why will people probably feel a little lonely in 2050?A.Because the number of people will bee much smaller.B.Because there will be less face-to-face munication.C.Because people wont like making friends with each other.D.Because people wont municate with each other much often.提示:根据第二段的内容可知,在2050年,人们主要通过电脑进行交流,而很少进行面对面的交流,人与人之间的关系也就淡薄了,因此那时的人们会感到有点孤独。答案:B10.The third paragraph mainly tells us .A.that puters will do all the things for human beingsB.how people will use puters to municate with each otherC.that machines like puters and robots will help people a lotD.how people will use robots to do the housework提示:根据第三段的内容可知,计算机和机器人等机器会给人类很大的帮助,故选C项。答案:C11.According to the passage,which of the following will happen in 2050?A.The relationship between people will be more important than today.B.The way of spending holidays will be the same as that of today.C.It wont be difficult for people to travel to other planets.D.Our environment will be much more polluted with a growing number of cars.提示:根据第二段中的“ourrelationshipswithpeoplewontbeasimportantastheyaretoday”可知A项不正确;根据第四段中的“Spendingholidayswillalsobepletelydifferent.”可知B项不正确;根据第四段中的“Travelingtootherplanetsortothemoonwillbeavailableforeveryone”可知C项正确;根据倒数第二段中的“Wewillpaymoreattentiontoprotectingtheenvironment.Therefore,oursurroundingsaswellashealthwillbeinbettercondition.”可知D项不正确。答案:C12.The underlined word “sanguine” in the last paragraph most probably means “”.A.disappointedB.surprisedC.curiousD.optimistic提示:根据文章最后一句可以猜测出作者认为我们对未来应该持积极乐观的态度,故选D项。答案:D第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A great life doesnt happen by accident.It is the result of allocating(分配) your time,energy,thoughts,and hard work towards what you want your life to be.Stop setting yourself up for stress and failure,and start setting up your life to support success and ease.It is the result of using what you get in a creative and thoughtful way,instead of just what es next.13SSimplify.A great life is the result of simplifying your life.People often misinterpret what simplify means.Its not a way to remove work from your life.14In order to create a great life,you will have to make room for it.EEffort.A great life is the result of your best effort.Creating it requires that you make some adjustments.It may mean re-evaluating how you spend your time,or choosing to spend your money in a different way.Life will reward your best effort.CCreate priorities(首要事情).A great life is the result of creating priorities.Its easy to spend your days just responding to the next thing that gets your attention,instead of intentionally using the time,energy and money you have in a way thats important to you.15RReserves.16 With reserves,you acquire far more than you neednot 6 months living expenses,but 5 years worth;not 15 minutes of free time,1 day.Reserves are important because they reduce the fear of consequences,and that allows you to make decisions based on what you really want instead of what the fear decides for you.EEliminate distractions.A great life is the result of eliminating distractions.Up to 75% of your mental energy can be tied up in things that are draining and distracting you.Eliminating distractions can be a difficult concept to many people,since they havent really considered that there is another way to live.Look around at someones life you admire.What do they do that you would like to incorporate into your own life?Ask them how they did it.Find ways to free up your mental energy for things that are more important to you.TThoughts.17 Your belief in the oute will directly determine how successful you are.Motivated people have specific goals and look for ways to achieve them.Believing there is a solution to the same old problems you encounter year after year is vitally important to creating a life that you love.A.When you focus on simplifying your life,you free up energy and time for the work that you enjoy and the purpose for which you are here.B.A great life is the result of having reservesreserves of things,time,space,energy and money.C.Today,right now,is the right day to start to take a step in the direction of your hearts desires.D.Up to 75% of your mental energy can be tied up in things that stop you concentrating.E.Now please use secrets to fit your own needs and style,and start creating your own great life today.F.A great life is the result of controlling your thoughts so that you accept and allow for the possibility that it actually can happen to you!G.Focus on removing the obstacles that get in the way of you making sure you are honoring your priorities.答案:1317 EAGBF.英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Imagine that your parents have bought you the most advanced robot.He looks like a 18 person.He talks to you and plays with you.He can even think for himself and 19what you need.It may feel as if you have a 20 new brother who keeps you pany all the time.21 e to think of it,can you really trust him?22 the first robot was created decades ago,scientists have been obsessed(使迷恋) by the task of making robots more like humans.However,as they have gotten closer to that goal,23 have grown.According to the BBC,Japanese robot designer Masahiro Mori argues that the more lifelike robots bee,24 humans feel a connection to them.But once they bee too similar to humans,people begin to feel 25.This theory is what led to the creation of a brand new robot in Switzerland earlier this month.Robot,as the new machine is called,has 26 human-like abilities such as handshaking and bicycle-riding,but 27 a skin-like covering,robot is wrapped(用包裹) in shiny white armor(盔甲) that clearly indicates(表明) its robot status.“As long as people can clearly see that the robot is a 28,even if they project their feelings into it,then they feel fortable,”Rolf Pfeifer,the creator of the robot from the University of Zurich,Switzerland,told the BBC.But the problem 29 people have with robots is not just with the way they look.It also has to do with the roles that they 30 in our lives.A survey of European Union countries showed that 88 percent of those interviewed 31 that robots are “necessary as they can do jobs that are too hard or 32 for people”,such as space exploration and war fighting.But when it 33 taking care of children,60 percent of respondents(调查对象) said that robots should not be allowed to participate,34 as robots bee more sophisticated(精密的),parents may be tempted to hand over too much responsibility to 35.“No matter what,robots will soon enter our homes,”Pfeifer said.“What is not yet 36 is whether they will act more like servants who 37 us or panions who live with us.”18.A.strange B.realC.bigD.false提示:从下文的“Hetalkstoyouandplayswithyou.Hecaneventhinkforhimselfand19whatyouneed.”可知,机器人拥有人的特点,像真人一样。real“真的”符合语境。故选B项。答案:B19.A.figure outB.put outC.look outD.pick out提示:从本句中的“Hecaneventhinkforhimself”可推出,机器人能明白你需要什么。figureout“弄明白”;putout“扑灭”;lookout“当心”;pickout“挑选”。故选A项。答案:A20.A.smartB.livelyC.lovelyD.considerate提示:上文提到,机器人能明白你需要的东西,下文说到他能一直陪着你,可知他是体贴你的新兄弟。smart“聪明的”;lively“活泼的”;lovely“可爱的”;considerate“体贴的”。故选D项。答案:D21.A.ThereforeB.ButC.OtherwiseD.Thus提示:根据前面提到的“机器人能一直陪着你,他是体贴你的新兄弟”和下文的“canyoureallytrusthim”这个问句可知,此处表示转折。故用But。therefore“因此”;otherwise“否则”;thus“因此”。答案:B22.A.WhileB.AsC.Ever sinceD.When提示:由句中“scientistshavebeenobsessed(使迷恋)”的时态并结合语境可知,应用Eversince。eversince引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时。故选C项。答案:C23.A.happinessB.doubtsC.sorrowD.anger提示:根据空前的However可知,此处表示与之前相反的一种情况,再结合语境可知,当人们离他们的目标更近时,疑问就会产生,故doubts符合题意。答案:B24.A.the moreB.the mostC.the leastD.the less提示:根据前面的“themorelifelikerobotsbee”可知是“the+比较级,the+比较级”的句式结构,意思是“越就越”。句意:机器人越逼真,就越让人们感到能接近他们。故选A项。答案:A25.AfortableB.excitedC.unfortableD.happy提示:从本句中的But可知,当机器人太像人的时候,人们会感到不舒服。unfortable“不舒服的”符合语境。故选C项。答案:C26.A.variousB.newC.creativeD.different提示:从下文中的“suchashandshakingandbicycle-riding”可知表示的是各种能力。various“各种各样的”符合语境。故选A项。答案:A27.A.in favor ofB.instead ofC.in search ofD.in honor of提示:从下文的“robotiswrapped(用包裹)inshinywhitearmor(盔甲)thatclearlyindicates(表明)itsrobotstatus”可知,前面说的与此相反。insteadof“代替”符合语境。故选B项。答案:B28.A.personB.friendC.brotherD.machine提示:只要人们可以清楚地把机器人看作机器,那么即使他们向他投注感情,他们也会感到舒服。根据语境,选D项。答案:D29.A.whereB.thatC.whatD.as提示:“29peoplehavewithrobots”是定语从句,problem在定语从句中作have的宾语。haveaproblemwith“在(方面)有问题”,故选B项。答案:B30.A.playB.takeC.doD.find提示:此处的短语是playrolesin“在中发挥作用”。故选A项。答案:A31.A.disagreedB.disapprovedC.opposedD.agreed提示:根据下文的necessary可知,被采访的88%的人是同意用机器人的。故选D项。答案:D32.A.safeB.beneficialC.convenientD.dangerous提示:从本句中的“jobsthataretoohard”和“suchasspaceexplorationandwarfighting”可知此处表示危险的工作。故选D项。答案:D33.Aes toB.turns toC.devotes toD.takes to提示:whenitesto.“一谈到”是固定句型。turnto“向求助”;devoteto“致力于”;taketo“开始喜欢”。答案:A34.A.whyB.thoughC.becauseD.whether提示:前面提到“robotsshouldnotbeallowedtoparticipate”,下文解释其原因。故用because。答案:C35.A.themB.itC.youD.us提示:本文在讲述机器人,根据本句中的“asrobotsbeemoresophisticated(精密的)”可知,空处指的是robots,故选A项。答案:A36.A.unclearB.clearC.possibleD.obvious提示:从本句中的whether可知句意是“还不清楚的是”。clear“清楚的”符合语境。故选B项。答案:B37.A.live withB.live onC.work forD.work on提示:从本句中的servants可知,“who37us”是servants的定语。佣人是给我们干活的,所以workfor“为干活/工作”符合语境。故选C项。答案:C第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。What would you do if your pet cat died just before Christmas?Many cat lovers would go out and buy 38. cat.But one American woman was unable to bear such life without her much-loved pet cat Nicky.He has been 39. her for 17 years,and when she knew he 40.(die),she had him cloned.She said that her new cat,nine-week-old Little Nicky,was identical 41. the old one.Most cats were terrified of water,but Little Nicky was different;he loved 42.Little Nicky was cloned by an American pany called GSC,but the new cat cost his owner $50,000.Many people have said they felt 43.(disgust)at the amount of money spent on cloning a cat.They said that she 44.(choose) one of the many cats without a home.Little Nicky was not only expensive,but also,like all cloned animals,he might have more health problems than 45. animal which was born in the usual way.GSC said it had to try 80 times 46. it succeeded in producing a cloned cat.The pany is now using new 47.(technical)and soon they hope to produce cloned dogs as well as cats.答案:38.another39.with40.was dying41.to42.it43.disgusted44.should have chosen45.an46.before47.technology.写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。The water we drink and use was running short.We all have to learn what to stop wasting water.One of the steps that we should take are to find ways to reusing it.Today in the most large cities,fresh water is used only once and then it runs in the waste system.But that is possible to pipe the used water to a purifying factory,there the used water can be treated with chemical materials by the workers so that it can be reused.But even if every large city purified and reused its water,we still would have enough water.答案:第一句:wasis第二句:whathow第三句:areis;第二个toof或reusingreuse第四句:去掉第一个the;第二个ininto第五句:第一个thatit;therewhere第六句:itsits;would后加not第二节书面表达(满分25分)某英文刊物以“畅想未来”为题面向中学生征文,假设你是李华,请以“The house in the future”为题目应征。内容包括:设想一下1000年以后我们居住的房子会是什么样子?从房子的建筑材料、内部墙壁和设施等方面进行想象和描述。参考范文:ThehouseinthefutureWhat will the house of the future be like?I think great changes will take place in the futures houses.Firstly,the building materials should be improved so that the temperature inside the house can be adjusted according to the weather.In this way,people living in the house dont need the air-conditioner in summer and the heater in winter,which will be very good for a low-carbon life.Secondly,the roof might have a garden which can allow people to keep the house cool and grow vegetables to eat.Thirdly,the color of the wall inside may change itself as the owners emotion changes.Fourthly,all the appliances in the house will be controlled by the puter.For example,the housewife can cook a delicious meal as she works outside.In a word,the house of the future should be eco-friendly and a fortable place to live in.