GPS控制测量技术报告.doc

.一、测区概况 沈海复线A3标段起点位于罗源县松山镇选屿村以东（起点桩号K39+411.5）与A2标段终点相接。建北山特大桥（1642米）再跨省道201，至北山村以西，路线终点位于连江县马鼻村前村以西的石狮山（终点桩号YK44+280，ZK44+289）与A4标起点相接，设置石狮隧道（右洞全长2963米，A3标段长1662米，左洞全长2950米，A3标段长1647米）路线总长4.55079公里。二、作业依据和已有测绘资料 1、国家测绘局颁布的全球定位系统（GPS）测量规范（CH2001-92）；2、JTG C10-2007公路勘测规范；3、沈海复线A2A3标控制点成果；三、坐标系的选择 测区中央子午线精度为11930， GPS网的平面坐标系统选用西安80坐标系，高程系统采用1985黄海国家高程基准。 四、仪器设备和软件 GPS控制测量采用Trimble-R8 GNSS 系统和中海达V8系统，其相关指标如下表： 接收机型号标称精度数量备注平面高程天宝R85mm +0.5ppmD5mm+1ppmD4双频中海达V85mm +1ppmD10mm+1ppmD4双频Trimble-R8型GPS测量系统配备有TGOfficev1.63 后处理解算软件（包含数据传输、基线向量处理、GPS网平差软件、多种GPS数据格式转换等功能）；中海达V8型测量系统有HDS2003数据处理软件可以将V8的数据转换为RENIX格式，最后成果都将使用TGOffice处理。 五、三等GPS导线网的设计和观测1GPS布网 为了将来与A2标顺利结合，我标在此次施工导线复测加密控制网中与A2标进行联合控制网复测加密，共用同一套GPS静态仪器，我标设计院交桩平面控制点11个（LN032，LN033，LN032-1,LN032-2,LA030,LA031，LN031-1，LN031-2，LA032，LA033，LA034），在充分利用设计院控制点，沿线地形地貌和考虑工程精度需要的基础上布设施工加密控制点7个，隧道控制点与A4标隧道控制点进行联测。通过同一组静态GPS（共8台）对所有点进行采集数据，观测时间为90分钟，有效观测卫星4，相邻两个同步观测采用：国家测绘局颁布的全球定位系统（GPS）测量规范（CH2001-92），JTG C10-2007公路勘测规范技术要求，最后对所有数据进行软件平差。充分利用GPS测量的优点，实测GPS控制点27个，其中已知点16个，未知点11个，组成最小同步环736个。其中总基线数为155条，独立基线49条，其中必要基线26条，多余基线23条，平均重复设站数为2/站。满足公路勘测规范三等导线网规定的2/站。 （后附GPS控制网）2GPS观测 在实际外业观测过程中,使用4台Trimble-R8型GPS接收机和4台中海达V8接收机,同时在8个GPS点上进行观测, 有效观测卫星数4颗, 时段长度90分钟,如果有的点不搬站, 则不关机，以保证尽可能长的时段长度。丈量天线高度, 均从天线的三面丈量三次, 在三次较差不大于3mm时,取平均值为最后结果。结束观测时, 再丈量一次天线高, 以作校核。 在观测过程中, 自始至终有人值守, 并经常检查有效卫星的历元数是否符合要求,否则及时通知其它两台仪器, 延长时段时间, 以保证观测精度。 实际上在观测过程中，Trimble-R8型GPS接收机和中海达V8接受机电量充足，接收信号稳定，卫星数大都保持在7-8颗，有时高达10颗以上，为后面的平差处理之顺利进行打下了良好的基础。 六、外业数据处理及检核 1.外业数据处理 外业观测后及时输入计算机, 并进行外业数据的检查。根据自动处理基线向量的结果，检查基线向量方差比(Ratio)、中误差(RMS)以及天线高等, 方差比2 ,中误差（RMS）20mm,参与解算的向量均符合要求。结果参见附表（平差计算报告：基线解算报告）2.外业观测质量的检核 根据GPS规范要求，各级GPS基线精度计算公式如下 = 按三等控制网精度要求，取 a10mm ，b5ppm ，D=1.223Km（平均基线边长）代入上式，经计算得： =11.7mm （平面）闭合环检验 根据公路勘测规范要求， 闭合环坐标闭合差 Vx=Vy=Vz Vs(水平差)33.1mm经抽查736个闭合环，成果精度如下表（详细请见平差报告）：长度D水平PPM通过/失败指标.0331m最佳.0000m0.022最差.0243m33.769平均闭合环3530.6212m.0052m4.822标准偏差1904.5649m.0049m5.306最差水平差为24.3mm33.1mm，闭合环合格。重复基线检查根据公路勘测规范要求，重复基线测量的差值为ds=33.1mm重复基线测量的差值如下表：ID从到基线长度比率参考变量RMS基线差值B163LN035LA042-1379.7481 11.73.417.006mB165LN035LA042-1379.7498 10.83.509.007m0.0017 B188LN018LN018-3394.0192 38.34.001.007mB189LN018LN018-3394.0216 23.35.136.008m0.0024 B57LN033LN032-1419.0353 87.312.009mB61LN032-1LN033419.0400 21.58.815.011m0.0047 B17LA030LN032-2420.9846 12.78.662.010mB26LA030LN032-2420.9924 15.12.02.005m0.0078 B151LA031-1LA031421.8024 31.12.926.006mB148LA031-1LA031421.8037 38.72.908.006m0.0013 B209LN018-3LN017468.8661 19.45.781.009mB208LN018-3LN017468.8700 29.65.118.008m0.0039 B169LA032LA031506.8102 303.061.006mB167LA031LA032506.8133 51.92.67.006m0.0031 B101LA036-1LA036-2554.8327 59.72.241.006mB97LA036-1LA036-2554.8345 13.42.632.006m0.0018 B201LN018LN017559.2108 17.86.138.008mB200LN018LN017559.2184 5.25.294.008m0.0076 B13LN033LN032581.8918 15.57.156.009mB59LN032LN033581.9000 15.510.142.011m0.0082 B65LN032-1LA030583.3083 11.711.452.013mB105LN032-1LA030583.3149 37.23.454.007m0.0066 B46LN031-2LA031-1627.7532 32.52.27.005mB50LN031-2LA031-1627.7572 11.52.548.006m0.0040 B73LA037LA036-2631.3240 13.73.175.006mB77LA037LA036-2631.3290 492.052.005m0.0050 B152LA031-1LA032632.2472 29.22.433.006mB149LA031-1LA032632.2502 48.91.985.005m0.0030 B124LA035-1LA032637.9453 46.92.004.006mB128LA032LA035-1637.9533 31.51.816.005m0.0080 B176LN032LN032-1668.5410 9.215.021.017mB133LN032-1LN032668.5461 10.510.956.010m0.0051 B174LN032LN032-1668.5521 16.510.547.011m0.0060 B145LN035LN036741.3468 64.369.008mB142LN035LN036741.3511 9.33.851.007m0.0043 B171LA031LN032-2742.6629 29.63.713.007mB79LN032-2LA031742.6676 42.73.493.007m0.0047 B58LN032-3LN033749.3566 21.58.297.010mB54LN033LN032-3749.3650 22.32.138.005m0.0084 B116LA043LA042-1761.8402 62.44.62.007mB38LA042LN036828.0600 26.84.546.007mB22LA037LA036-1831.5680 11.43.874.007mB24LA037LA036-1831.5733 481.509.004m0.0053 B14LN032-2LN033834.1444 11.911.895.012mB56LN033LN032-2834.1543 24.92.421.005m0.0099 B146LA042-1LN036853.8032 10.34.784.008mB143LA042-1LN036853.8058 50.83.313.006m0.0026 B170LN032-1LA031867.7680 29.93.598.006mB172LN032-1LA031867.7708 7.89.044.010m0.0028 B9LN031-2LA035-1871.2428 28.11.67.005mB12LN031-2LA035-1871.2440 13.82.399.005m0.0012 B52LN031-2LA032896.6040 15.92.572.005mB48LN031-2LA032896.6043 52.62.198.005m0.0003 B89LN032-2LN032-1983.8167 7.616.891.016mB85LN032-2LN032-1983.8227 1018.459.014m0.0060 B181LN032-1LN032-2983.8307 11.57.407.009m0.0080 B81LN032-1LN032-2983.8327 14.13.975.007m0.0020 B157LN032LN032-3986.3369 17.79.207.011mB160LN032LN032-3986.3385 12.213.663.015m0.0016 B130LN032-3LN032986.3394 159.171.009m0.0009 B47LN031-2LA031999.5433 293.114.006mB51LN031-2LA031999.5452 12.73.427.006m0.0019 B55LN033LA0311046.2689 17.23.629.006mB122LA035-1LA031-11047.0624 32.82.116.006mB126LA031-1LA035-11047.0674 24.12.497.006m0.0050 B82LN032-2LN032-31064.7873 13.612.083.011mB155LN032-3LN032-21064.7882 44.42.553.006m0.0009 B123LA035-1LA0311112.3348 24.13.563.007mB127LA035-1LA0311112.3398 223.694.007m0.0050 B156LN032-1LN032-31159.6044 7.38.078.009mB159LN032-1LN032-31159.6052 18.411.352.012m0.0008 B162LN032-1LN032-31159.6080 7.814.877.014m0.0028 B132LN032LN032-21415.4026 14.39.171.010mB83LN032-2LN0321415.4048 11.514.717.013m0.0022 最大基线互差B21为9.9mm33.1mm，基线结算合格。详见附表(平差计算)。 七.平差计算 基线处理成功后，即可进入软件的网平差界面，进行WGS-84坐标系下的自由网平差及三维约束网平差。 1.GPS点WGS-84坐标系大地坐标及其精度 点名称北坐标纵轴误差东坐标横轴误差高程高程误差LA0372927285.3685m.0021m511776.5683m.0022m2.3210m.0000mLA0382927715.7733m.0027m511406.0409m.0026m1.6000m.0000mLA036-12926650.8750m.0022m511239.0490m.0022m2.6506m.1757mLA0392927977.9540m.0028m511174.6479m.0027m6.6400m.0000mLN031-22925448.5540m.0022m511582.4798m.0024m4.3860m.1971mLA035-12926150.7577m.0021m512095.4724m.0023m57.1690m.1201mLA0302924867.9073m.0024m513000.5018m.0028m4.6890m.0000mLN0332924358.4199m.0024m513238.0878m.0026m6.7330m.0000mLN0322923777.3380m.0000m513221.7376m.0000m32.5560m.0000mLN032-22925191.8899m.0021m513268.8909m.0024m20.1368m.1782mLN0182920893.9080m.0032m514187.0882m.0035m46.6000m.0000mLA041-12929110.6164m.0030m510489.6471m.0028m28.7919m.1489mLA0432929502.5335m.0033m510610.3283m.0030m25.6240m.0000mLA0422929288.2379m.0037m510642.3067m.0034m32.6243m.1328mLN0362928996.7680m.0000m511417.3020m.0000m22.2118m.1509mLN0352928483.8900m.0000m510882.3260m.0000m3.8525m.1356mLA042-12928741.0613m.0021m510602.9145m.0020m3.3728m.1517mLA0402928949.0089m.0027m510993.1450m.0025m14.8330m.0000mLA036-22926654.5277m.0021m511793.5865m.0022m20.2338m.1230mLA031-12925105.2029m.0022m512108.0100m.0024m2.5671m.1477mLA0312925127.9232m.0021m512529.1989m.0022m2.6730m.0000mLA0322925630.0447m.0021m512460.5179m.0023m6.3918m.1208mLN032-12924314.8058m.0022m512825.5655m.0025m66.0048m.1214mLN032-32924403.7486m.0024m513981.5117m.0027m88.9519m.2356mLN018-32920762.8529m.0032m514556.4758m.0035m6.1900m.1358mLN0172920354.0660m.0000m514326.8520m.0000m4.6550m.0000m根据公路勘测规范要求，无约束平差中，基线分量的改正数绝对值应满足Vx=Vy=20.3mm Vs=Vx=28.6mm基线的精度如下表：观测ID从点到点观测距离基线分量改正B204LN017LN0323597.2145m.0163mB209LN018-3LN017468.8622m.0017mB132LN032LN032-21415.3314m-.0052mB13LN033LN032581.3094m-.0044mB155LN032-3LN032-21062.5370m-.0057mB89LN032-2LN032-1982.7541m.0146mB56LN033LN032-2834.0353m-.0039mB131LA031LN0321517.7848m-.0047mB201LN018LN017557.6383m.0085mB142LN035LN036741.1067m-.0084mB192LN018-3LN0323296.7480m.0153mB157LN032LN032-3984.7021m.0063mB135LN018LN0323040.7215m.0138mB27LN032-2LA035-11515.3612m-.0048mB196LN017LN0334149.7111m.0062mB83LN032-2LN0321415.3314m-.0062mB128LA032LA035-1635.9222m-.0015mB144LA040LN036426.8358m-.0016mB143LA042-1LN036853.5851m-.0029mB59LN032LN033581.3094m-.0110mB181LN032-1LN032-2982.7541m-.0003mB164LN035LA040478.1368m-.0056mB130LN032-3LN032984.7021m.0030mB174LN032LN032-1667.6976m-.0108mB126LA031-1LA035-11045.6258m-.0010mB38LA042LN036827.9900m.0012mB65LN032-1LA030580.1045m.0084mB184LN018-3LN0333829.6365m.0045mB200LN018LN017557.6383m.0017mB81LN032-1LN032-2982.7541m-.0030mB16LN018LN0333592.1203m.0023mB61LN032-1LN033414.8197m-.0036mB124LA035-1LA032635.9222m.0039mB202LN017LN032-34064.3616m.0063mB17LA030LN032-2420.7088m.0059mB165LN035LA042-1379.7457m-.0017mB62LN032-3LA0301085.2711m.0001mB156LN032-1LN032-31159.3578m.0066mB48LN031-2LA032896.5954m.0002mB14LN032-2LN033834.0354m.0073mB25LA037LA035-11178.5714m-.0036mB73LA037LA036-2631.0679m.0037mB26LA030LN032-2420.7088m-.0012mB171LA031LN032-2742.4495m.0023mB127LA035-1LA0311110.9902m-.0008mB159LN032-1LN032-31159.3578m.0065mB172LN032-1LA031865.4403m-.0025mB133LN032-1LN032667.6976m-.0016mB54LN033LN032-3744.8012m-.0022mB82LN032-2LN032-31062.5370m-.0012mB58LN032-3LN033744.8012m.0067mB57LN033LN032-1414.8197m.0051mB22LA037LA036-1831.5670m.0032mB80LN032-2LA032919.4778m-.0033mB137LN018LN032-13681.8698m.0051mB162LN032-1LN032-31159.3578m.0029mB90LA041-1LN036934.6115m.0003mB105LN032-1LA030580.1045m-.0009mB145LN035LN036741.1067m-.0041mB70LA037LN0361748.6958m-.0042mB208LN018-3LN017468.8622m-.0022mB206LN017LN032-14235.7008m.0087mB129LN032-1LA035-11975.7843m.0004mB52LN031-2LA032896.5954m.0005mB39LA042LN035839.3925m-.0043mB24LA037LA036-1831.5670m-.0021mB72LA037LA042-11869.8873m-.0050mB100LA036-1LA0321591.8734m-.0001mB179LA032LA036-21222.4365m.0021mB114LA043LN036952.3647m.0015mB134LN018LN032-33515.8396m.0062mB104LA030LA032934.0389m.0003mB190LN018-3LN032-33685.9976m.0066mB170LN032-1LA031865.4403m.0000mB189LN018LN018-3391.9454m-.0013mB51LN031-2LA031999.5365m-.0006mB166LN035LA036-22043.7541m.0010mB153LN032-1LA031-11067.5225m.0020mB125LA035-1LA036-2587.2959m-.0022mB169LA032LA031506.7948m.0021mB122LA035-1LA031-11045.6258m.0022mB53LN031-2LN032-11682.4459m.0022mB46LN031-2LA031-1627.7491m.0026mB74LA037LA031-12205.2069m-.0028mB198LN032-2LN0174952.1309m.0045mB103LA030LA031538.2678m-.0005mB47LN031-2LA031999.5365m.0013mB176LN032LN032-1667.6976m.0022mB188LN018LN018-3391.9454m.0026mB95LA036-1LN0351867.3965m.0023mB194LN018-3LN032-13951.2377m.0058mB177LA042-1LA040442.1771m-.0012mB85LN032-2LN032-1982.7541m.0063mB123LA035-1LA0311110.9902m.0028mB50LN031-2LA031-1627.7491m-.0014mB79LN032-2LA031742.4495m-.0028mB119LA039LN035584.3123m.0006mB23LA037LA039917.5927m-.0027mB160LN032LN032-3984.7021m.0043mB163LN035LA042-1379.7457m.0000mB43LA038LN035929.6635m.0010mB154LA031LN032-31622.8426m.0012mB75LA037LA0312284.9467m-.0025mB91LA041-1LN035739.5801m-.0019mB152LA031-1LA032632.2321m.0015mB115LA043LN0351054.3289m-.0028mB49LN031-2LA036-21224.3068m-.0005mB168LA031LA036-21694.5867m.0010mB99LA036-1LA0311995.9554m-.0014mB78LN032-2LA031-11164.1081m-.0025mB35LA030LA035-11569.9564m-.0012mB149LA031-1LA032632.2321m-.0015mB102LA030LA031-1923.4954m.0000mB4LA037LA038567.9228m-.0015mB44LA038LA042-11302.3882m-.0030mB45LA038LA036-21129.7894m.0007mB40LA042LA042-1548.5908m-.0022mB77LA037LA036-2631.0679m-.0014mB96LA036-1LA042-12184.8366m-.0013mB121LA039LA036-21461.0017m.0006mB12LN031-2LA035-1869.6238m-.0004mB55LN033LA0311046.2550m-.0015mB180LN032-1LA0321364.9534m.0012mB71LA037LN0351495.3616m-.0016mB147LA036-2LN0362372.2640m-.0011mB120LA039LA042-1953.5226m-.0021mB178LA042-1LA036-22402.3487m-.0025mB97LA036-1LA036-2554.5474m-.0011mB98LA036-1LA031-11773.1811m-.0004mB150LA031-1LA036-21580.9015m.0012mB11LN031-2LA0301532.2917m-.0011mB148LA031-1LA031421.7995m-.0013mB7LN031-2LA0371847.0332m-.0012mB146LA042-1LN036853.5851m-.0002mB5LA038LA036-11077.9081m.0014mB94LA036-1LN0362352.6467m.0001mB167LA031LA032506.7948m-.0010mB42LA038LN0361281.0393m-.0013mB33LA036-1LA0391328.6357m.0011mB118LA039LN0361047.3083m-.0006mB76LA037LA0321791.0496m-.0005mB92LA041-1LA042-1386.5222m-.0007mB116LA043LA042-1761.5056m-.0009mB34LA035-1LA036-1991.7513m-.0004mB101LA036-1LA036-2554.5474m.0007mB117LA043LA040673.0043m-.0007mB93LA041-1LA040528.7958m.0000mB6LA038LA039349.6863m-.0002mB9LN031-2LA035-1869.6238m.0002mB8LN031-2LA036-11250.4035m-.0003mB151LA031-1LA031421.7995m.0000mB32LA041-1LA043410.0753m.0002mB41LA042LA040488.0185m.0000m最大为16.3mm28.6mm，自由网平差结果合格，可以进行约束网平差。（详细见平差计算报告）2.GPS点西安80坐标系三维约束平差 以LN032、LN035、LN036和LN017为平面起算点，以LA037、LA038、LA039、LA030、LN033、LN018、LA043、LA041、LA031、LN017为高程起算点经平差得到结果如下: 边长的相对精度最低为1/103662（最弱边为LN018-LN018-3），远高于三等网规定1/70000的精度。其平差的坐标如下：点名称北坐标东坐标高程LA0372927285.3685m511776.5683m2.3210mLA0382927715.7733m511406.0409m1.6000mLA036-12926650.8750m511239.0490m2.6506mLA0392927977.9540m511174.6479m6.6400mLN031-22925448.5540m511582.4798m4.3860mLA035-12926150.7577m512095.4724m57.1690mLA0302924867.9073m513000.5018m4.6890mLN0332924358.4199m513238.0878m6.7330mLN0322923777.3380m513221.7376m32.5560mLN032-22925191.8899m513268.8909m20.1368mLN0182920893.9080m514187.0882m46.6000mLA041-12929110.6164m510489.6471m28.7919mLA0432929502.5335m510610.3283m25.6240mLA0422929288.2379m510642.3067m32.6243mLN0362928996.7680m511417.3020m22.2118mLN0352928483.8900m510882.3260m3.8525mLA042-12928741.0613m510602.9145m3.3728mLA0402928949.0089m510993.1450m14.8330mLA036-22926654.5277m511793.5865m20.2338mLA031-12925105.2029m512108.0100m2.5671mLA0312925127.9232m512529.1989m2.6730mLA0322925630.0447m512460.5179m6.3918mLN032-12924314.8058m512825.5655m66.0048mLN032-32924403.7486m513981.5117m88.9519mLN018-32920762.8529m514556.4758m6.1900mLN0172920354.0660m514326.8520m4.6550m精选word范本！