2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习 Module 5 Cloning素材 外研版选修6.doc

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习 Module 5 Cloning素材 外研版选修6 话题词汇1.invention n.发明2.progress n.进步3.digital adj.数字的4.breakthrough n.突破5.technical adj.技术的6.automatic adj.自动的7.make a study of研究8.shop online网上购物9.surf the Internet网上冲浪10.browse the web page浏览网页经典语篇假如你是李华，最近老师向你们介绍了两种已灭绝的古代动物，并就哪一种动物更加适合被克隆举行了一次讨论。请你结合下表为你所在的小组写一篇发言稿，就选择理由及原因进行说明。Name and date when last seenInformationDodo bird (1755)unable to fly；friendly and not harmful；large eggs and tasty meat that could be developed for food；need hot climateAurochs (1627)large wild cattle；long horns and hair；hair is good for being made into clothes；horns can be used for decoration；need grasslands佳作欣赏Dear fellow students，Im so honored to speak here on behalf of our group.After a heated discussion，we agreed that the dodo is the very animal that is well worth cloning.On the one hand，pared with the aurochs，the dodo is much smaller，which means that the dodo will consume much less food.Besides，the dodo became extinct fairly recently so its DNA is still in good condition.On the other hand，the aurochs cannot live without grasslands，while the dodo can adapt to the hot climate easily.If the dodo is cloned，that will be of great benefit to us.Because it can not only be a friendly animal but also be an ideal pet for families with children.Whats more，it may produce large nutritious eggs and tasty meat for people.All in all，the dodo would be the best choice to be brought back to life!Thats all！Thank you.思维发散1.将第句中的定语从句改为非谓语形式The dodo is much smaller，meaning that the dodo will consume much less food.2.仿照第句用while.完成句子北方的学校往往装备较好，而南方的学校相对较穷。Schools in the north tend to be better equipped，while those in the south are relatively poor.3.仿照第句用“最高级/序数词to do.”完成句子英格兰教会中学Walkwood被认为是英国第一所禁止13岁以下女生穿裙子的学校。Walkwood Church of England Middle School is believed to be the first in England to stop female pupils under the age of 13 from wearing skirts.重点单词A.写作单词1.refuse (v.)拒绝2.contrast (v.)对照3.fear (n.)害怕，恐惧4.cure (v.)治愈5.resist (v.)抵抗6.absorb (v.)吸收7.arise (v.)(问题、困难等)出现8.virtue (n.)道德上的优点，善行9.breathe (v.)呼吸breath (n.)呼吸10.beneficial (adj.)有益的，有用的benefit (n.& v.)好处，益处；有益于，有利于11.acpany (v.)陪伴，陪同panion (n.)同伴，伙伴pany (n.)陪伴12.violence (n.)暴力violent (adj.)暴力的13.terrify (v.)使惊恐，使受惊吓terrified (adj.)恐惧的terrifying (adj.)令人恐惧的B.阅读单词14.identical (adj.)完全相同的，同一的15.incredible (adj.)难以置信的16.chase (v.)追逐，追赶，追踪17.murder (v.)谋杀18.suspect (n.)嫌疑人19pulsory (adj.)强制的，强迫的20.flexible (adj.)易适应的，灵活的21.optional (adj.)可选择的22.contradictory (adj.)互相矛盾的，相反的，对立的23.emotion (n.)感情，情绪24.disgust (v.)使觉得恶心；使厌烦disgusting (adj.)令人恶心的，使人反感的disgusted (adj.)感到恶心的.重点短语1.burn out(火)燃尽，烧完自灭2.contrast with与形成对照3.throw oneself on.扑倒在上4.make a sound发出声音5.again and again一再，屡次6.by mistake错误地7.treat.as.把当成对待8.a sequence of一系列的9.(be) identical to和一样，与一致10.rely on/upon依靠，依赖11.as follows如下12.knock out摧毁13.get out of control摆脱控制14.as far as we know据我们所知15.break down分解16.bring.back to life使复活.经典句式1.While studying at university，he discovers the secret of how to create life.还在上大学时，他就发现了怎样创造生命的秘密。2.It was on a cold November night that I saw my creation for the first time.我是在11月一个寒冷的晚上首次看到我的作品的。3.I wish I had not created this creature，I wish I was on the other side of the world，I wish I could disappear!但愿我没有制造出这个家伙，但愿我身处世界的另一边，但愿我可以消失得无影无踪！4.But to rely on a few cloned animals or crops would restrict the biodiversity of the breed.但是，仅仅依赖少数几种克隆动植物会限制生物品种的多样性。.课文语法填空Frankenstein,1.a young scientist，discovers the secret of how to create life while studying at university.2.Using(use) bones from dead bodies，he creates a creature that resembles a human being and gives 3.it life.The creature is the 4.ugliest(ugly) thing Frankenstein has ever seen，and he makes the people around 5.terrified(terrify).When Frankenstein refuses 6.to create(create) a wife 7.for him，the monster murders Frankensteins brother，wife and his best friend.Frankenstein regrets 8.what he has done.In order to destroy the creature，the scientist chases him 9.to the Arctic,10.where he dies.In the end，the monster disappears into the ice and snow to end his own life.1多词一义be beneficial to，be of benefit to，do good tobenefit v.有益于；有助于；受益；n.优势；益处；成效benefit sb./sth.对某人/物有益benefit from/by从中受益be of benefit tobe beneficial to对有益for ones benefitfor the benefit of sb.为帮助某人；为某人的利益(1)I knew that she could give me some beneficial tips.我知道她能给我很多有益的建议。(2)I benefit a great deal from reading.我从阅读中受益良多。(3)The warning sign was put there for the benefit of the public.那儿设立了警告牌以引起人们的警惕。多维训练(1)单句语法填空A stay in the country will be beneficial(benefit) to his health.I feel that I have benefited greatly from/by her wisdom.(2)同义句改写The new regulation will be of benefit to everyone concerned.The new regulation will be beneficial to everyone concerned.(用beneficial改写)Everyone concerned will benefit from the new regulation.(用benefit from改写)The new regulation will benefit everyone concerned.(用benefit改写)2 cure v.治愈(病人)；治好(疾病)；矫正，改正(某人的不良行为)；解决(问题)；n.治疗；疗程；对策应试指导“动词sb.of”类语境词义辨析的考查(1)cure sb.of.治愈某人的；矫正某人的(2)a cure for.针对的治疗(1)An operation finally cured his shin injury.手术最终治好了他胫部的伤。(2)We need to cure our environmental problems.我们需要解决我们的环境问题。词义辨析cure，treat(1)cure表示“治愈”，宾语既可以是人，也可以是疾病，有时也表示“矫正；革除”。(2)treat表示“治疗”时，多接人作宾语，强调治疗动作，并不说明是否治愈。多维训练(1)用cure，treat的正确形式填空The doctor was treating the girl who suffered from cancer.Who was it that cured the old professor of his cancer?(2)单句语法填空He said that he was cured(cure) with this medicine.He was at last cured of the bad habit.They have found a cure for rising prices.3 absorb v.吸收(液体、气体等)(take in)；吸引全部注意力(attract)；使全神贯注(interest sb.very much)；使并入，吞并absorb ones attention吸引某人的注意absorb.from.从中吸收be absorbed in全神贯注于be absorbed by/into被吞并(吸引)(1)International affairs absorb his attention.他专心研究国际问题。(2)Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air and moisture from the soil.植物从空气中吸收二氧化碳并从土壤中汲取水分。(3)She was absorbed in the book.她专心于这本书。特别提醒表示“全神贯注”的常见短语还有：be lost in，be buried in，fix/focus ones attention on，devote.to，concentrate ones mind on，apply oneself to，be addicted to等。多维训练(1)单句语法填空When deeply absorbed(absorb) in work，which he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.Most little shops have been absorbed into/by big businesses.After absorbing(absorb) enough water，the plants grow well.(2)同义句改写He was so absorbed in TV that he forgot to sleep.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)Absorbed in TV，he forgot to sleep.4应试指导“break副词”类语境词义辨析break up打碎；解散；结束；分手；拆散break off中断break through突破；冲破break out爆发(1)The printing machines are always breaking down.印刷机老是出故障。(2)Police were called in to break up the meeting.有人叫来了警察将聚会驱散。图解助记多维训练(1)写出下列句子中break down的汉语意思The car broke down on the way to the airport.抛锚The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached.失败Your health will break down if you work too hard.身体垮掉Plastic bags are difficult to break down.分解(2)单句语法填空My girlfriend has broken up with me.It will take ten years to break through the cultural barriers.A fire broke out last night.5多维训练(1)单句语法填空I couldnt resist telling (tell) him the secret.These crops are safe；theyre resistant to drought and disease.Where there is oppression，there is resistance(resist).(2)单句改错She was on a diet，but she couldnt resist eat sweet food.eateating6 acpany vt.陪同，陪伴(keep sbpany)；伴随，与同时发生(happen with)；为伴奏多维训练(1)选词填空Last night，my panions kept me pany to see a film and then they acpanied me to my home.(2)单句语法填空Children，when acpanied(acpany) by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.She acpanied the singer at/on the piano.They usually went shopping in pany with each other.The architect，acpanied by his associates，is(be) surveying the land now.(3)单句改错I shall acpany him to visit Beijing.去掉visit7多维训练(1)单句语法填空Police say theyre treating it as a case of attempted murder.She always treats him to ice cream.Weve got to treat people with respect and dignity.(2)同义句改写If he was treated in a proper way，he was likely to be saved.If treated in a proper way，he was likely to be saved.(改为省略句)Treated in a proper way，he was likely to be saved.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)8多维训练(1)In the West，people feel more in control of their own lives.在西方，人们感觉个人生活更自如一些。(2)He was working hard to keep control of himself.他正努力克制自己。(3)Francis lost control of his bike on the hill and ran into a tree.法兰西斯在山坡上失去了对自行车的控制，撞到了一棵大树上。(4)The car went out of control and crashed over the cliff.汽车失去了控制，掉下了悬崖。(5)You ought to keep your passions under control.你应该抑制住你的愤怒。9 I wish I had not created this creature，I wish I was on the other side of the world，I wish I could disappear！但愿我没有制造出这个家伙，但愿我身处世界的另一边，但愿我可以消失得无影无踪！(1)wish宾语从句，意为“但愿；希望；就好了”，往往与事实相反或表示不太可能实现的愿望。(2)wish后宾语从句中的谓语形式如下：did/were (表示与现在事实相反的愿望)；had done/been (表示与过去事实相反的愿望)；would/could动词原形(表示与将来事实相反的愿望)。(1)I wish you wouldnt smoke any longer.我真希望你再也不要吸烟了。(2)He wished he had phoned for a taxi.他真希望自己已经打电话叫出租车了。多维训练单句语法填空(1)I wish he would/could go(go) with us to the theatre next Thursday.(2)She wished she had been(be) at home then.(3)I wish I lived(live) on the seashore.语境填词1.When his request was refused(拒绝)，he took out his French horn(号) and started to practise.(xx重庆)2.The air we breathe(呼吸) in is getting dirtier and dirtier.(xx全国)3.The next scene was a plete contrast(对比).(xx新课标全国)4.For instance，a report that analysed(分析) nearly two decades of research on major GM food crops shows that GM engineering has failed to significantly increase US crop production.(xx陕西)5.Make sure you resist(抵抗) the urge to answer every message you receive，and consider leaving your mobile phone behind occasionally when you go out.(xx山东)6.Ill describe three nowin situations that monly arise(出现) between teens and parents and then suggest some ways out of the trap.(xx湖北).单句语法填空1.A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he was absorbed in his reading.(xx福建)2.Upsetting people with unsigned messages is cruel and disgusting(disgust).(xx安徽)3.Whats more，riding bicycles is a good way for us to exercise and it is beneficial(benefit) to our health.(xx江西)4.Most people believe they dont have much imagination(imagine).(xx上海)5.Many online games today are full of violence(violent) which may lead to violent fights among the players.短语填空1.The two countries are going to meet to break down some barriers to trade between them.(xx天津)2.As far as I know，you are enthusiastic about Chinese traditional culture，particularly Chinese opera.(xx天津)3.My plan about these activities is as follows.(xx天津)4.These are the problems arising out of the lack of munication.5.The boy objects to being treated as a child.6.The fire had burned out before the fire engines arrived.完成句子1.I wish I had been at my sisters wedding last Tuesday，but I was on a business trip in New York then.(xx天津)要是我上周二参加了我姐姐的婚礼那该多好啊，但是当时我在纽约出差。2.To stop the work now seems impossible.现在停止这项工作似乎是不可能的。3.While studying in China，Alex visited many places of interest.在中国学习期间，Alex参观了许多名胜。4.It was when I was in college that I became interested in puter science.我是在上大学期间对计算机科学产生兴趣的。 写作素材(关于健康)1.如今健康对每一个人都很重要。2.众所周知，平衡饮食对健康很有益处。3.很多不能治愈的疾病都是由不好的饮食习惯引起的。4.我对健康的建议如下。5.我们要抵抗住甜食的诱惑，拒绝垃圾食品，多锻炼，保持身体健康。提示黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用which引导的定语从句。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)Nowadays health is important to everyone.As we all know，a balanced diet is beneficial to our health.Many diseases，which cant be cured，arise from bad eating habits.So my advice on health is as follows：we should resist the temptation of sweets，refuse junk food and take more exercise to keep fit.练出高分.阅读理解AIt was a dangerous period for Nancy when her own fortunes were concerned.She had to rely on freelance(自由撰稿) work for six months after Quality Weekly Magazine folded.The regular salary cheque had always seemed very small，but now it was like lost riches.She sent many articles to other magazines.Sometimes she struck it lucky and got a task.She once wrote a short article of a politician who appreciated her fairminded approach and gave her some secret information.Her article was noticed by an editor in search of something sharp and fresh.And Nancy was getting a name for sharp ment.In this trade，she saw，you didnt need so much to be up to date with things as ahead of them，lying in wait for circumstance，ready to jump.Then one day she walked into the offices of National Daily.It had taken her article and its editor had looked kindly upon her.Having handed over a piece on the latest educational theories shed written，she fell into conversation with a woman she had known before.She learned that one of the papers regular columnists(专栏作家) had quitted the job.So Nancy made the necessary phone call to apply for the job.And then，the phone call came.Shed have a weekly column with her photograph next to it.There would be a salary cheque，and perhaps fame and success to follow that.She realized that the job presented her with a wonderful opportunity.Later，when she was alone，Nancy thought that her appointment had probably been a piece of good fortune.However，she refused to allow the word “luck”She must have got the job because she was good and experienced.What she never knew was that in fact the editor had been at the point of offering the column to another writer，Alex.When he was about to pick up the phone to call Alex，the colleague he most disliked walked into his office，and spoke with satisfaction of the possibility of closer association with this old friend of his.As soon as the colleague was out of the room，he reached for the phone，and rang Nancy.1Why did Nancy spend a dangerous period?ABecause she lost the job in Quality Weekly Magazine.BBecause she reported some secret information.CBecause her regular salary cheque was too small.DBecause freelance work was difficult to do.答案A 解析细节理解题。由第一段前两句“It was a dangerous period for Nancy when her own fortunes were concerned.She had to rely on freelance(自由撰稿) work for six months after Quality Weekly Magazine folded.”可知选A。2Nancy thought the secret of success as a journalist was to .Amake positive mentsBwait and grasp the chanceCget along well with editorsDkeep up with the latest information 答案B 解析细节理解题。由第一段最后一句“In this trade，she saw，you didnt need so much to be up to date with things as ahead of them，lying in wait for circumstance，ready to jump.”可知选B。3In the last paragraph，the underlined part “this old friend of his” refers to “ ”Athe colleague Bthe editorCAlex DNancy答案C解析词义猜测题。根据上下文分析，画线部分代指Alex本人。4What can we infer from the passage?AThe new job presented Nancy with pressure.BWorking hard is the key to gaining popularity for a writer.CRegular columnists are better than freelance writers.DNancy got the job in National Daily by chance.答案D解析推理判断题。由最后一段可知Nancy从来不认为自己的成功是靠运气，但实际上靠着运气。故选D。BAn absolute description of the threat hanging over the worlds mammals(哺乳)，reptiles(爬行)，amphibians(两栖动物) and other life forms has been published by the wellknown scientific journal，Nature.A special analysis carried out by the journal indicates that an astonishing 41% of all amphibians on the planet now face extinction while 26% of mammal species and 13% of birds are similarly threatened.Many species are already critically endangered and lose to extinction，including the Sumatran elephant，Amur leopard and mountain gorilla.But also in danger of vanishing for the wild，it now appears，are animals that are currently rated as merely being endangered.In each case，the finger of blame points directly at human activities.The continuing spread of agriculture is destroying million of hectares of wild habitats(栖息地) every year，leaving animals without homes，while the introduction of newlye species，often helped by humans，is also damaging native populations.At the same time，pollution and overfishing are destroying ocean ecosystems.“Habitat destruction，pollution or overfishing either kill off wild creatures and plants or leave them badly weakened，” said Derek Tittensor，an ocean ecologist at the World Conservation Monitoring Centre in Cambridge.“The trouble is that in ing decades，the additional threat of worsening climate change will bee more and more mon and could then kill off these survivors.”The problem，according to Nature，is worsened because of the huge gaps in scientists knowledge about the planets biodiversity.Evaluations of the total number of species of animals and plants alive vary from 2 million to 50 million.In addition，evaluations of current rates of species disappearances vary from 500 to 36,000 a year.“That is the real problem we face，” added Tittensor.“The scale of uncertainty is huge.”In the end，however，the data indicate that the world is heading cruelty towards a mass extinctionwhich is defined as one involving a loss of 75% of species or more.This could arrive in less than a hundred years or could take a thousand，depending on extinction rates.5Whats the main idea of the first two paragraphs?AFigures about some wild animals are astonishing.B“Nature” is the famous journal around the world.CMany endangered species are close to extinction.DSome rare species have appeared around the world.答案C解析段落大意题。根据第一、二段可知，许多濒危物种接近灭绝。6The direct reason for the extinction of some species is .Acontinuous appearance of new speciesBdestructive activities of human beingsCmore and more homeless animalsDthe great change of ocean ecosystem答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知答案为B。7From Paragraph 4 we know that another future threat is .Adestruction of habitatsBoverfishing and pollutionCthe worsening climate changeDkilling off wild creatures and plants答案C解析细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句可知答案为C。8What does “This” in the last sentence refer to?AMass extinction.BExtinction rates.CExtinction time.D75% of species or more.答案A解析代词指代题。根据文章最后一段可知this指代上文的“mass extinction”。.七选五The Value of TearsTears can ruin makeup，bring conversation to a stop，and give you a runny nose.They can leave you embarrassed and without energy.However，crying is a fact of life，and tears are very useful.Even when youre not crying，they make a film over the eyes surface. 9 When tears fall，they reduce stress.But we tend to fight them for all sorts of reasons.“People worry about showing their emotions，afraid that once they lose control theyll never get it back.” 10 After we cry，the feelings that caused the tears often disappear.Sometimes people bee much stressed and cant cry.Whatever emotion they are feelingshock，anger，fear，or sadness is being held back.But everyone has the need to cry.Psychologist Vera Diamond explains that her treatment often consists of giving people permission to cry. 11 Patients practice crying just to bee used to express emotions.She suggests safe，private places to cry，like under the bedcovers or in the car.Crying is a way of ease tension，but people dont like it when others cry because it makes them tense. 12 And theyll do just about anything to make you stop.In certain situations，such as at work，tears are not appropriate.Its good not to cry during a tense business discussion. 13 You should also act out the whole situation again and be as noisy and angry as you like.It will help you feel better.“And，” she adds，“once your tears have taken away the stress，you can begin to think calmly of ways to deal with the problem.” Tears are a sign of our ability to feel.If you find yourself nea