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高一英语同步练习：必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars第3课时Grammar基础练习 一.语法知识：主语从句：做主语用的名词性从句，因其在复合句中做主语，又称主语从句，引导主语从句的有从属连词that, whether， 连接代词who, what, which， 连接副词when, where, how, why等。1.连接词：1）从属连词：that， whether等.that 引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，但不能省略。That she left him cut him to the heart.That he will come is certain由whether及其他连词引导的主语从句放在句首，句后都可。 Whether it will please them is not easy to say.Whether shes coming or not doesnt matter too much.2)连接代词who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever What seems easy to some people seems difficult to others.Which side will win is not clear.3)连接副词when，where， how， why等。Why he did it remains a mystery.When they will start is not known yet.How he became a great scientist is known to us all.2.位置：主语从句可以前置，也可以后置。用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末，常用下面几种句型。1）It + be + 表语 +主语从句表语：（名词,形容词,过去分词）It is a pity that we cant go.It is no surprise that our team should have won the game.It is an honour that I was invited to attend the meeting.It is certain that she will do well in her exam.It is true that I told her everything.It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing.It is reported that China has sent another manmade earth satellite into orbit.2）It+不及物动词或短语+主语从句It seemed (happened, doesnt matter, has turned out) that It happens that they were absent.It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all.It doesnt matter whether she will come or not.It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.3) It +及物动词（被动语态）+主语从句It has been decided that the exhibition will not open on Sundays.注意:1）主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，不能省略这些连接词；但是如果用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，从属连词that可以省略。误：They should like each other is natural.正：That they should like each other is natural.正：It is natural that they should like each other.2)如果主语从句放在句首，不能用if引导，但是如果用it 做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用if引导.误：If Mary really heard him is really doubtful.正：It was doubtful if Mary really heard him.从文章中找出以下主语从句并试着分析：1).What it was to become was a mystery until the dust began to slowly combine into a ball moving around the sun.2). because it was not clear whether the solid shape was to last or not.3).What scientists think is that the earth was different because of 4).Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on 实战演练一用正确的连接词完成下列句子：1._ the universe is like has attracted Stephen Hawking all his life. 2._ is clear and simple about the universe has always seemed too difficult for us to answer.3._ the universe exists the way it does is a major question to all those who have looked at stars like Hawking.4._ has developed over two thousand years of observation has to be greatly revised.5._ in the universe we live is not the centre, but one of the nine planets orbiting the sun, which is just one of millions of stars in our own Milky Way galaxy.6._ we understand the universe is the time when we human beings will have answered all the questions.7._ we can have a complete picture of the universe depends on learning to understand what we see.8._ Hawking wants to tell us in this text is that we should study the universe, and understand it.二单项填空：1.I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesnt matter _that Im talking to.A. who is it B. who it is C. it is who D. it is whom 2. It is pretty well understood _ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. A. that B. when C. what D. how 3. _ made the school proud was_ more than 90 of the students had been admitted to key universities. A. What; because B. What ; thatC. That ; what D. That ; because4. _ we will go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where5. _ that they can pass the written exam this time.A.That is hoped B. It is hoped C. It hopes D. That hopes6. It _ Tom drives badly.A. thinks that B. is thought whatC. thought that D. is thought that7._we cant get seems better than _ we have. A. What; what B. What; that C . That; that D. That; what8. The lawyer rarely wears anything other than jeans and a T-shirt _ the season.A.whatever B.wherever C. wheneverD. however9._ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games took place in Beijing.A. It B What C. As D. Which10. _ was most important to her, she told me, was her familyA. It B. This C. What D. As反馈检测高考试题从句集锦：1. _wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.A. Anyone B. The one C. Whoever D. Who2.The companies are working together to create _ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.A.which B. that C. what D. who3. All people, _ they are old or young, rich or poor, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.A. even if B. whether C. no matter D. however4. It has been proved _ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.A. if B. because C. when D. that5._ you have done might do harm to other people. A. That B. What C. Which D. This6. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who7. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey. A. which B. that C. if D. for8. _ you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether9. _ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter10._he said _ to hurt you.A. That; didnt mean B. Which; meant C. What; didnt mean D. As; meant11. _ is a fact that English is accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It12. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests. A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who13. _ caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. What B. That C. How D. Where14. _ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A. Who B. The oneC. Anyone D. Whoever15. _ she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. A. That; what B. What; whyC. What; because D. Why; that16. A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago . A. what B. which C. that D. where17. After Yang Li Wei succeeded in circling the earth, _ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space. A. where B. what C. that D. how18. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _ I thought was dangerous speed. A. as B. which C. what D. that19. We havent settled the question of _ it is necessary for him to study abroad. A. if B. where C. whether D. that20.makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services. A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever第3课时实战演练一.What 2.What 3.How 4.What 5.Where 6 When. 7.Whether 8.What二.1-5.BCBBB 6-10.DAABC反馈检测：.1-5.CCBDB 6-10.CBCA 11-15.DCAB 16-20.ABCA 7
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