动名词的构成形式.ppt

ModuleTwo 语法点的讲练 动名词 Grammar 动名词的定义 它是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式 基本形式为 v ing 动名词具有名词的性质 因此在句中可以做主语 表语 宾语 定语等 动名词有时态和语态的变化 动名词的时态和语态的基本形式 以write为例 注意 动名词的否定形式是 notwriting V ing形式的构成方式 1 在一般情况下 在动词原形后直接加词尾 ing eg go going do doing ask asking read readingstudy studying carry carrying fly flying worry worrying 2 在以不发音的e结尾的动词后 去掉e 再加 ing e cominglive livingdance dancingmake making3 在闭音节的单音节动词后 以重读闭音节结尾的多音节动词 而末尾只有一个辅音字母时 将这个辅音字母双写 x除外 然后再加 ing sit sitting run running begin beginning forget forgetting4 在少数几个以 ie结尾的动词后 须将 ie变作y 再加 ing 这些动词词典一般均注明 eg die dying tie tyinglie lying 动名词能在句中充当什么成分 动名词的基本用法 用作主语所表动作比较抽象 或者泛指习惯性的动作 Playingwithfireisdangerous Climbingmountainsisreallyfun 注意 动名词做主语 有时先用it作形式主语 把动名词置于句末 这种用法在习惯句型中常用 1 Itisnouse good useless doing 2 Itisawasteoftime doing 3 Itisfun doing 在以上两种结构中常用动名词作主语 It snousecryingoverspiltmilk 覆水难收 Thereisnojokingaboutthematter Itisfunplayingwithchildren 和孩子们一起玩真好 2 用作宾语 1 作动词的宾语某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语 不能用不定式 常见的此类动词有 advise allow permit avoid consider enjoy finish giveup cannothelp imagine include keep keepon mind miss putoff delay practise resist suggest dependon thinkabout setabout succeedin worryabout burstout insiston can tstand beusedto getusedto devote to lookforwardto payattentionto getdownto等 如 Theywentonwalkingandneverstoppedtalking 他们继续走 说个不停 Ifounditpleasantwalkingalongtheseashore 在海滩上走真是乐事 为了便于记忆 特归纳如下 后跟 ing的动词的顺口溜 避免 错过 少 延期建议 完成 多 练习喜欢 想象 禁不住承认 否定 又 妒忌逃避 冒险 多 原谅忍受 保持 不 介意 avoid miss postpone putoff suggest finish practice enjoy imagine can thelp admit deny envy escape risk excuse stand keep mind 2 作介词的宾语Wearethinkingofmakinganewplanforthenextterm 我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划 Shallwehavearestorgetdowntodoingourwork 我们休息呢还是开始干活 Despitelackingmoney hisparentssenthimtoagooduniversity Hewaslateagainbecauseofgettinguplate Lockthedoorsandwindowsbeforegoingout What Howaboutthetwoofusplayinggames 注意 to在下列短语中是介词 常跟动名词作宾语 be getusedtolookforwardtogetdowntopayattentiontodevoteoneselftoleadtocontributetoobjectto 反对 Let sgetdowntopreparingfortheexam 动名词用在下列词组后作宾语 giveup can thelp feellike beworth bebusy setabout putoff thinkof insiston等Shecan thelpcryingatthesadsight Doyoufeellikehavingabreak 4 既可接动名词又可接不定式的常用动词有 remember forget regret mean try等 但表达的意义不同 Irememberseeingheratthehotel 我记得在宾馆见过她 动作发生了 Iwillremembertoseeheratthehotel 我记着要去宾馆见她 动作尚未发生 1 remember forget regret todo动作尚未发生 doing动作已经发生 2 try todo设法 努力去做 尽力 doing试试去做 看有何结果 3 mean todo打算做 主语一般是人 doing意味着 主语一般是物 4 regret todo对将要做的事抱歉 doing对已经发生的事感到后悔 1 remember forget todo动作尚未发生 doing动作已经发生 2 try todo设法 努力去做 尽力 doing试试去做 看有何结果 3 mean todo打算做 主语一般是人 doing意味着 主语一般是物 4 regret todo对将要做的事抱歉 doing对已经发生的事感到后悔 5 stop todo停下去做另外一件事 doing停止做手头的事情 Yourtaskiscleaningthewindows 你的任务就是擦窗户 Cleaningthewindowsisyourtask WhatIhatemostisbeinglaughedat 我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑 BeinglaughedatiswhatIhatemost 作表语动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句 表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系 表示主语的内容 主语 表语可互换位置 动名词的逻辑主语及复合结构Wouldyoumind 我开窗户吗 Wouldyoumindmy meopeningthewindow my me称为动名词的逻辑主语 Ican tunderstandJack Jack sleavinghiswife Ican tunderstandhis himleavinghiswife Jack s Hisleavinghiswifeisunbelievable 动名词的逻辑主语 动名词 动名词的复合结构 动名词的几个注意事项 2 动名词的被动形式 beingdoneTheofficersnarrowlyescaped kill inthehotbattle 3 动名词的否定形式 notdoingnothavingdoneYouwillbepunishedfornotfinishingyourhomeworkontime beingkilled 1 Thenewsthatourteamhadbeendefeatedwasdisappointed 2 Lucydosen tmindtolendyouherMP3 3 Aftertakehismeasure theydecidedtogivehimtheposition 4 Whichdoyouenjoyspendingyourweekend fishingorshopping 5 IstillremembertakentoShanghaiwhenIwasachild disappointing lending taking tospend being Correctthemistakesineachsentence 6 Iamnotusedtobespokentolikethat 7 Wewouldappreciatetohearfromyousoon 8 Peoplesometimescan thelptobuysomethingtheywon tneed 9 IcanhardlyimaginePetersailsacrosstheriver 10 Tonywasveryunhappyforhavingnotbeeninvitedtotheparty being hearing buying sailing nothaving 选择题 1 Mywatchneeds butIhavenotimetogototowntohaveit torepair repairedB toberepaided repairingC repairing repairedD beingrepaired repaired2 Youshouldapologizetoyoursisterfor herthetruth tellingB nottellingC tellingnotD nottell3 Thelightintheofficeisstillon Oh Iforgot itoff A turningB turnC toturnD havingturned 4 Hearingthebadnews themothercouldn thelp tocryB cryingC cryD cries5 Ourteachertoldustospendsometime Englisheveryday topractisespeakingB practisingspeakingC topractisetospeakD practisingtospeak6 Itisnouse withoutdoing topromiseB promisingC promiseD tobepromised Homework FinishalltheexercisesinWordStudyandGrammarinthetextbookandtheworkbook Thanks