初中英语现在完成时态详细讲解及其练习.ppt

现在完成时态 详细讲解及其练习 一 现在完成时由 have has 过去分词 构成 主要有两个含义 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果 常用的时间状语有manytimes just yet ever never just already sofar bynow等 IhavealreadywatchedtheTVplay 我已经看过这部电视剧了 现在我对它不感兴趣了 Haveyoufoundyourlostpenyet No Ihaven tfoundityet 我很着急 表示动作或者状态在过去已经开始 持续到现在 也许还将持续下去 用于延续性动词 常常与sofar for或者since短语连用 since 时间点 从句 for 时间段 如fortwomonths等 二 现在完成时态和一般过去时态的区别1 现在完成时和一般过去时都能表示过去发生过的动作 但现在完成时表示过去动作对现在的影响 并且表示这一动作已完成或还可能继续下去 2 而一般过去时与现在的情况没有联系 仅表示过去的动作 且这一动作到说话时已终止 因此现在完成时不能与表示明确的过去时间如 in1949 yesterday lastweek等的状语连用 并且用when或where对这些时间和地点状语提问时 一般只用一般过去时 三 在 itisfirst second timethat 或在 it this thatisthe 最高级 名词 that 结构中 that从句中的动词常用现在完成时 在 it be since从句 这一结构中 be可用一般现在时或现在完成时 since从句一般用过去时 现在完成时可以和带有since或for等表示 一段时间 的状语连用 表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始 一直持续到现在 如 Ihaven tseenhimfortwoyears 但是 像come arrive buy等终止性动词不能与表示 一段时间 的状语连用 要用 必须改为 be 在 等延续性动词来表述 归纳总结 由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换 arrive beheredie bedeadbegin start beoncomeback bebackfallill sick asleep beill sick asleep leave beawaygetup beupfinish beoveropen beopenclose beclosedborrow keepbeon bein或beamemberof gotoschool beastudentbuy havecatch acold have acold begintostudy studygettoknow knowcometowork work等如 Hehasbeenasoldierforthreeyears 他参军三年了 Hisfatherhasbeendeadfortwoyears 他父亲去世二年了 Thefilmhasbeenonfortenminutes 电影已开始十分钟了 WehavestudiedEnglishforthreeyears 我们 开始 学英语已三年了 注意事项 1 havebeen to 与havegone to 的区别 havebeen to 表示 去过某地 现在已经回来了 可用于各人称 havegone to 表示 去某地了 说话时某人不在当地 常用于第三人称 前者可与once never severaltimes等连用 后者则不能 HehasbeentoBeijing 他去过北京 已经回来了 HehasgonetoBeijing 他去北京了 还没有回来 have hasbeenin待在某地如 TheyhavebeeninBeijing 他们呆在北京 2 终止性动词现在完成时的否定式 已变成一种可以延续的状态 因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连用 如 Ihaven tleftheresince1997 自从1997年以来 我一直没有离开过这儿 现在完成时态练习题 现在完成时态练习题一选择填空 2 Herfather in1990andherhusband formorethanfiveyears A died dead B hasdied dead C died hasbeendead D hasdied hasdied 3 Ihave thisnicewatchfortwoyears A had B bought C borrowed D lend 4 He hishomefortenyears A hasleft B leftfrom C hasbeenawayfrom D wasawayfrom 5 He aleaguememberforthreeyears A is B hasbeen C hasbecome D havebecome 6 Lihua sbrotherhas fortwoyears A joinedthearmy C becomeasoldier B beenanarmy D beeninthearmy 7 Hehasn t Quanzhoueversinceheleftschool A left B beenaway C been D away 8 Haveyou learnedEnglish Yes I ve learnedalot A never ever B ever never C ever already D already ever 9 Haveyoufinishedyourhomework Yes I ve donethat A yet already B already yet C ever never D still just 10 John sfather borrowedsomepictures A hasjust B haveever C hasyet D havealready 二选择填空 1 Haveyoufinishedyourhomework Yes I itlastnight A finish B finished C havefinished D willfinish 2 youever toNanjing Yes I therelastyear A Have gone havegone B Did go went C Have been went D Did go has been 3 When you LucyinNewYork I herfortwoyears A did meet haven tseen B did meet don tsee C have met haven tseen 4 He finishedhishomeworkyet A didn t B haven t C hasn t D doesn thave 5 Haveyou traveledtoQuanzhou Yes Ihave A just B yetC never D ever 6 Haveyoufinishedyourhomework Not A ever B already C yet D just 7Wehaven tfinishedourhomework A already B ever C yet D never 三用since和for填空 一 1 twoyears twoyearsago2 lastmonth3 yesterday4 anhourago5 shelefthere6 4o clock8 19999 4hours10 lunchtime 二 1 HehaslivedinNanjing theyearbeforelast 2 I veknownhim wewerechildren 3 OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese threeyears 4 Shehasbeenawayfromthecity abouttenyears 5 It sabouttenyears sheleftthecity 四单项选择题 1 Mymotherhasworkedinthisfactory 2years A about B for C in D since 2 Hisfatherjoinedtheparty A sincethreeyearsago B intwoyears time C forthreeyears D threeyearsago3 Thestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom A sotheyB don ttheyC havetheyD haven tthey4 WecametoNanjingthreeyearsago sowe hereforthreeyears A havebeentoB havebeeninC havebeenD havegone5 Howlong you yourdictionary Abouttwomonths A did buyB have getC have hadD have bought 6 Hetellsmehe Chinaforoverfiveyears A hasbeenB hasbeeninC hasbeentoD hasgonetoChina7 hasMrWhitebeenamemberofGreenerChinasincehe toNanjing A Howsoon comesB Howoften gotC Howlong cameD Howfar arrived8 Hisuncle formorethan9years A hascomehereB hasstartedtoworkC haslivedthereD haslefttheuniversity9 Hehasneversurfed 改成反意疑问句 10 Theyhavebeenheresince2000 对划线部分提问 havetheybeenhere 11 Theoldman lastyear He forayear die 12 Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago 改写句子 句意不变