初中英语定语从句.ppt

定语从句 定语从句 概念 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子 Attributiveclause Maryisabeautifulgirl Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair 形容词作定语 句子作定语 修饰girl 叫做定语从句 1 Themanisafarmer 2 Themanisspeakingatthemeeting 合并句子 Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisafarmer Maryisagirl Maryhaslonghair 合并为一个句子 Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair 先行词 关系词 定语从句 Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair 关系代词 关系副词 which who whom whose that Where when 定语从句的用法 当先行词是物时 用which或that引导 Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear 当先行词是人时 用who whom whose that引导 who whom whose that用法区别 who作定语从句的主语或宾语 Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker Themanisaworker Themanisspeakingatthemeeting 分解 作主语 Whom作定语从句的宾语 Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher Thewomanisateacher Theywantedtovisitthewoman 分解 作宾语 whose作定语从句的定语 Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher 分解 Iknowthegirl Thegirl smotherisateacher 作定语 that可以作定语从句的主语和宾语 注意 关系代词作动词宾语时可省略 Thewoman whom that theywantedtovisitisateacher 下列情况只能用that 1 当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时 eg TomisthecleverestboythatIhaveeverknown 2 当先行词是指物的little few much any all anything something nothing none theone everything 等不定代词时 eg EverythingwesawinthefilmwasOK eg AllthatIcandohasbeendone 3 当先行词被all little few much any every no等修饰时eg Ihaveeatenallthefoodthatisleft 4 当先行词是Therebe句型中的主语且指物时 eg Thereislittleworkthatisfitforyou 没有什么工作适合你做 5 当先行词同时包括人或物时 eg Weoftentalkaboutthepeopleandthethingsthatweareinterestedin 我们常常谈论我们感兴趣的人或事 6 当主句是who或which时 eg Whoisthegirlthathasblacklonghair eg Whichisthepenthatyoubought 7 当先行词作主句的表语时 eg Chinaisnotthecountrythatusedto 中国不再是过去那样的国家 eg It sasunnydaythatwearelongingfor 这就是我们所渴望的晴天 8 当先行词被theonly thevery thesame thelast等修饰时 eg ThisistheverybeautifulgirlthatI mlookingfor 这正是我一直在寻找的漂亮女孩 eg That stheonlythingthatIcandonow eg YouarethelastpersonthatImeethere 你是我在这儿遇见的最后一个人 Exercise 1 Ihaveafriend likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic who that which that whose 3 Theman legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer 2 YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress Igaveher 4 Myparentsliveinahouse ismorethan100yearsold 5 Theboywith Johnspokeismybrother which that whom 6 Kevinisreadingabook istoodifficultforhim which that 7 Isthereanything youwanttobuyinthetown 8 All wecandoistostudyhard 9 Thefirstone standsupisalittleboy that that that 句子翻译 1 这就是救了那个孩子命的医生 Thisisthedoctorwhosavedtheboy slife 2 正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔 Themanwhoisrunningismyuncle 3 我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐 IlikethemusicthatIcansingalongwith 4 住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师 Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher 修饰物体时关系代词that和which的区分使用that的情况 1 当先行词是nothing something anything all each等不定代词时 eg Doyouhaveanythingthatisimportanttotellme 2 当先行词被all any some no not every each等修饰时 eg Ihavesomebooksthatareverygood 3 当先行词被形容词最高级 序数词所修饰时 eg ThisisthefirstbookthatIboughtmyself ThebiggestbirdthatIcaughtisthisbird 4 当先行词被thevery thelast thenext theonly等词修饰时 eg ThisistheverybookthatIlostyesterday 5 当先行词又有人又有物时 eg Iwon tforgetthethingsandthepersonsthatIsaw 只能使用which的情况 1 非限制性定语从句中 eg Maryhasabook whichisveryprecious 2 在介词之后 eg Thisisahouseinwhichlivesanoldman 3 当主句中的主语被that修饰时 eg ThatdogwhichIfoundinthestreetbelongstoMary 修饰人时关系代词that和who whom的区分 当主句中的主语是who时 只能用that eg Whoisthegirlthatisstandingoverthere 在非限制性定语从句中以及介词后面时只能用who或者whom eg Ihaveason whoisreallylovelyandinteresting Thereare40studentsintheclass mostofwhomareboys 关系代词whose既能修饰人 也能修饰物 在定语从句中充当定语 修饰先行词 eg SheisthegirlwhoseEnglishsoundsverybeautiful Maryhasaverygooddog whosehairturnsoutwhiteandblack 关系副词when where why的用法以及与关系代词的区分 关系副词在定语从句当中只能充当状语 当一个句子能够完整地表达一个意思时 我们就可以给这个句子加上特定的关系副词 eg Iwon tforgetthetimewhenIgotmarried Haveyoustillrememberthedayswhenwestayedtogether Thisistheplacewherewehadagoodtime IsthisthehousewhereMrSmithlives Idon tknowthereasonwhyhewon tjoinus Doyouknowthereasonwhyhedidn tcometosweeptheclassroom 关系副词when where和关系代词that which的区分 同样是修饰一个地点 有时使用where 有时使用that which 同样是修饰一个时间 有时使用when 有时使用that which 这主要看两点 一是定语从句是否完整 二是定语从句中的谓语动词是否是一个及物动词 请比较以下句子 Thisistheparkthatwevisitedlastyear Thisistheparkwhereweheldabirthdayparty Shewon tforgetthedaysthatshespentontheisland Shewon tforgetthedayswhentheystayedtogether That sthedatewhenwewenttothecollege That sthedatethatshewon tforgetforever Ilikethetimewhenwelivedtogether Ilikethetimethatwehadtogether 关系副词when where why和介词 which之间的关系 关系副词when where why可以用适当的介词 which来替代 如 when in on at which where in on at which why for which介词的位置非常灵活 有时放在关系代词之前 有时放在动词之后 eg 1 Iwon tforgetthedatewhen onwhich Iwasborn 2 Thisistheroomwhere inwhich Ilived ThisistheroomwhichIlivedin 3 Idon tknowthereasonwhy forwhich hehaven tcometoday 4 Tomstillremembersthedayswhen inwhich theylivedinTianjin Consolidationexercises Fillintheblankswithsuitablerelativepronouns 1 Thisistheonlybook Igotlastyear 2 Isthisthebookin youareinterested 3 Thisisthelargestanimal Tomsawinthezoo 4 Rosestillremembersthetreesandteachers exist 存在 inthemotherschool 5 Allthedesks areboughtlookreallywonderful 6 Doyouhaveanymoney isusedtobuildthefactory 7 Tomhasatoy wasgivenbyhisfather 8 Thisisthesecondwatch myfatherboughtforme Exercises Fillintheblankswithappropriaterelativepronounsandadverbs 1 Isthistheroom youcleanedlasttime 2 Isthistheroom welivedbefore 3 Thisisthegarden theystayedforanight 4 Thisisthegarden theyvisitedlasttime 5 Tomhasforgottentheday helefthishome 6 Tomhasforgottentheday Itoldhimlastday 7 Shestillrememberstheyear shefoundherfirstjob 8 Shestillrememberstheyear shespentinJining that where where that when that when that Exercises Fillintheblankswithappropriaterelativepronounsandadverbs 1 Isthistheroom youcleanedlasttime 2 Isthistheroom welivedbefore 3 Thisisthegarden theystayedforanight 4 Thisisthegarden theyvisitedlasttime 5 Tomhasforgottentheday helefthishome 6 Tomhasforgottentheday Itoldhimlastday 7 Shestillrememberstheyear shefoundherfirstjob 8 Shestillrememberstheyear shespentinJining that where where that when that when that Comprehensiveexercises Fillintheblankswiththesuitablerelativepronounsortherelativeadverbs 1 Isthistheroom wespentourchildhood 2 Thisdictionaryisthesecondone Iboughtintheshop 3 Istillrememberthedate IwenttoNanjingforthefirsttime 4 Tomisthinkingaboutthegrassandthepersons hesawintheyard 5 Thereare100oldmeninthestreet someof aredrinkingtea 6 Doyouknowthedays youspentonEnglish 7 Allthebooks areontheshelfbelongtoMary 8 Areyousatisfiedwiththepark youvisitedlasttime 9 weallknow thebuildingwillsoonbedestroyed 10 Ihavethesamebook shehas Thankyou Bye bye