2019届高三英语上学期期末试卷带解析

2019 届高三英语上学期期末试卷带解析本试卷由四个部分组成，共 12 页，满分 150 分，考试用时 120 分钟。请把答案全部涂写在答题卡上，考试结束后，只交答题卡。第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1What will the man probably do next?AWatch TV BGo out for dinner CDo his homework2How did the woman lose weight?ABy eating special MealsB By going on a dietC By doing exercise occasionally3Which foreign language does MrSmith do well in?AFrench BJapanese C Spanish4What does the woman complain about?AThe desk BThe messy room CThe heavy box5What color is the womans dress?ARed BBlue C Black第二节(共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 7 题。 Sdzxlm6Why do American people love to buy second-hand goods?ATo collect money BTo make money C To save money7What is usually sold in a yard sale?ABooks， records and coffee BTreasures and furniture C Used goods听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。8What played the most important part in winning the match for the mans team?AStrength BTeamwork C The mans performance9What do the speakers think of MrHarrison?AKind and strict BEnergetic and warm-heartedCHard to get along with听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。10Why did the first McDonalds restaurant have no seats?ATo make people eat quicklyB To avoid washing dishesC To attract more customers11Which McDonalds sells the most hamburgers in the world?AOne in New York BThe first McDonalds CThe Hong Kongs12What do we learn from the conversation?ARay Kroc bought McDonalds from Mac and DickB Mac and Dick sold the business to McDonaldsC There are chain stores of McDonalds only in New York听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题13Where was the man half an hour ago?AAt home BIn his office C In the restaurant14Who paid for the lunch?AThe mans friend BThe man C The woman15Where does the man think he put his wallet?AOn the floor BOn the table C On his seat16What does the woman mean?AThe man might not have taken his wallet with himB The mans friend took his wallet by mistakeC The man should call the police for help听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。17Which of the following isnt included among the benefits of reading?AHelping reduce stress BKeeping the mind active C Facing death peacefully18What kind of reading benefits our brain the most?ABooks BNewspapers C Magazines19How long did the researchers carry out the study?A50 years B30 years C12 years20How many hours do people over 65 spend watching television per day?A2.3 hours B3.5 hours C 4.4 hours第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分)第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIf you are the kind of tourist who likes to visit places with outstanding landscapes and multicultural cities，then Asia is the place to goTake a cruise(巡游)to Asia and you will not be disappointed The Finest Asian Cruise ExplorationsTourists who want to visit several Asian countries understand that cruising there is the best alternativeYou can decide to take a two-week cruise，starting from Sri Lanka to ThailandThere s also a three-week cruise that starts off in China all the way to JapanA most popular voyage is one that starts from Hong Kong to SingaporeThe Best Time to TravelWhen touring Asiaits best to understand that different cruise lines have different travelling timelinesYou can be caught in the rain during your tour(October to December in Malaysia and December to February in Indonesia)Most cruises take place from December to the end of MarchBooking Cruise-ship ToursGiven that youll probably be taking long flights to get to South Asia and the Far East，the budget will be large，especially if you are visiting as a family In addition，many people tour this region，so it would be best if you book early when the prices are more appealingActivitiesThere are so many ports in Asia and this might bring a challenge if you want to get somewhere in timeMake sure you plan your day-trips in advance and follow the cruise line tours to avoid missing the boats Apart from visiting the cities，you could also go to Borneo，Indonesia to see the orangutans(猩猩)You can also hop across several islands from Bali，appreciate the colorful floats as well as the cherry blossoms in Japan and visit the floating fish farms in Vietnam1. In the authors opinion，which cruise is the most welcoming one?A. From Hong Kong to SingaporeB. From Sri Lanka to ThailandC. Flying to the Far EastD. From China to Japan2. When is the best time available on tours in Indonesia?A. January B. FebruaryC. December D. March3. Where can you appreciate the colorful floats?A. Bali B. VietnamC. Japan D. Indonesia【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇广告布告类阅读。文章作者为喜欢瑰丽风景和多元文化城市的游客介绍了亚洲的一些景点。【1 题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在 The Finest Asian Cruise Explorations 部分 A most popular voyage is one that starts from Hong Kong to Singapore可知最受欢迎的乘船游览路线是从香港到新加坡，故选 A。【2 题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在 The Best Time to Travel 部分 You can be caught in the rain during your tour(October to December in Malaysia and December to February in Indonesia)可知在印度尼西亚，十二月到二月会有雨，三月份不在这个区间范围内，所以在印尼旅游的最佳时间是三月，故选 D。【3 题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在 Activities 部分 You can also hop across several islands from Bali，appreciate the colorful floats as well as the cherry blossoms in Japan and visit the floating fish farms in Vietnam可知你在日本可以欣赏到五彩缤纷的花车，故选 C。【点睛】细节理解题的解题思路：细节理解题就是我们常见的 wh-题，它们大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节，做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。例如小题 1，根据 The Finest Asian Cruise Explorations 部分 A most popular voyage is one that starts from Hong Kong to Singapore可知最受欢迎的乘船游览路线是从香港到新加坡，故选A。BAt schools across the United States，students often sit down to cafeteria lunches made from processed foods that are high in fat，sodium，and sugar But kids at Public School(PS )216 in Brooklyn have a different dining experiencePrincipal Donna Neglia reports that her students love eating flesh fruits and vegetablesPS 216 participated in the Edible Schoolyard Project，a nonprofit program founded by Chef Alice Waters in 1995The program that Waters created helps public schools across the country start on-site gardens and weave principles of healthy eating into the curriculum Students grow and maintain crops，harvesting the fruits and vegetables for cafeteria mealsWaters expressed her passion for the principles of the farm-to-table movementShe advised schools to connect with the farmers in their area and change their buying practices when planning meals for studentsWaters has long been inspiring people to care about where their food comes fromIn 1993，she put forward the idea of a White House vegetable gardenIt was not until 2009 that Michelle Obama started the garden in the backyard of the White HouseShe and members of the kitchen staff spent hours tending to the garden，often with help from local school children“That gave people a sense that she cared about children and cared about where our food comes from， ”Waters said，praising the former First Ladys concern for young peoples health “We are just building this movement，and it is very exciting ”“Through the Edible Schoolyard Project，students also learn about the benefits of healthy eating in the classroom ”Neglia said “PS216 is teaching kids about careers in the food industrysuch as farming and agriculture， nutrition，food safety ，and the restaurant business ”Similar classes are taking place around the countrySo far，the Edible Schoolyard Project has reached more than 1 million students in more than 367 schools “Im thinking about the future of the planet， ”Waters said “Im doing this for our generation ”4. Whats the purpose of the Edible Schoolyard Project?A. To reduce studentsstressB. To let students eat healthy foodC. To improve schoolsenvironmentD. To expect students to experience farming5. What can we learn from Paragraph 5?A. The project made Waters famous,B. Running a garden was too difficult for studentsC. Waters thought highly of what Michelle Obama didD. The former First Lady should care about young people6. From the text we can infer that_A. PS216 belongs to the pioneers in the Edible Schoolyard ProjectB. PS216 mainly teaches kids about careers in food industryC. Waters project is not well received by me us schoolsD. Waters had no difficulty in starting vegetable garden7. What can be the best title for the text?A. Students should eat healthily B. A famous schoolPS216C. Processed foods should be advised D. A chef helps create green schoolyards【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要介绍了 Edible Schoolyard 计划的具体内容，让学生吃健康的食物，创建绿色校园。【4 题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第二段 The program that Waters created helps public schools across the country start on-site gardens and weave principles of healthy eating into the curriculum可知 Edible Schoolyard工程的目的是让学生吃健康的食物，故选 B。【5 题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第二段 Waters said，praising the former First Ladys concern for young peoples health可知 Waters 对米歇尔奥巴马所做的事情评价很高，故选 C。【6 题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段 But kids at Public School(PS )216 in Brooklyn have a different dining experiencePrincipal Donna Neglia reports that her students love eating flesh fruits and vegetables （但是在布鲁克林公立学校 216 的孩子们有不同的就餐体验。校长唐娜Neglia 报告说，她的学生爱吃水果和蔬菜肉。 ）以及第二段PS 216 participated in the Edible Schoolyard Project 可知PS 216 属于 Edible Schoolyard 计划的开拓者，故选 A。【7 题详解】主旨大意题。这篇文章主要介绍了 Edible Schoolyard 计划的具体内容，让学生吃健康的食物，创建绿色校园，故选 D。CAll across the nation，in Americansbackyards and garages and living rooms，wild animals kept as pets live side by side with their human ownersIts believed that more exotic animals live in American homes than are cared for in American zoosThe exotic-pet business has drawn criticism from animal welfare advocates and wildlife conservationists alike，who say its not only dangerous to bring wildlife into households but its cruel and criminalYet the issue is far from black or whiteThe term exotic pet has no firm definitionIt can refer to any wildlife kept in human households or simply to a pet thats more unusual than the common dog or catPrivately owning exotic animals is currently permitted in a handful of states with no restrictions in AmericaAdam Roberts of Born Free USA keeps a running database of deaths and injuries caused by exotic-pet ownership：In Connecticut a 55-year-old womans face was permanently disfigured by her friends lifelong pet monkey；in Ohio an 80-year-old man was attacked by a 200-pound kangaroo；in Nebraska a 34-year-old man was strangled(勒)to death by his pet snakeAnd that list does not include the number of people who become sick from coming into contact with zoonotic(动物传染的) diseasesSome people see wild animals as pets as a way to connect with the natural worldOther exotic-pet owners say they are motivated by a desire to preserve threatened speciesThey believe climate change and human population growth could wipe out a species in record time，so having a backup population is a good idea But some groups like Born Free USA and the World Wildlife Fund gay that captive breeding(圈养)of endangered species by private ownerswhether for commercial，conservation，or educational reasonsserves only to continue a booming market for exotic animalsThat，in turn， results in a greater risk to animals still living in their natural habitat8. Which word can replace the phrase“far from black or white”in Paragraph 1?A. contradictory B. ridiculousC. controversial D. universal9. Why does the writer list some deaths and injuries in the text?A. To give us a clear and firm definition of exotic petsB. To show keeping exotic animals can be very dangerousC. To prove humans can not be infected by animal diseasesD. To tell us its illegal to have exotic-pet ownership in USA10. Whats the main idea of Paragraph 3?A. The reasons for keeping exotic animals as petsB. Worries about the endangered wild animalsC. The differences between people who keep exotic petsD. The disadvantages of privately owning exotic animals11. The last paragraph of the text is intended to_A. introduce some animal protection groupsB. argue against keeping exotic animals in captivityC. warn people of the danger of animals being caughtD. prove captive breeding can encourage exotic-pet business【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. B【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了一些美国人在家里饲养野生动物，他们把野生动物带入家庭很危险，各界对此事件充满争议。【8 题详解】词义猜测题。上句说 The exotic-pet business has drawn criticism from animal welfare advocates and wildlife conservationists alike，who say its not only dangerous to bring wildlife into households but its cruel and criminal说外来宠物业务引起了动物福利倡导者和野生动物物种保护者的批评，他们把野生动物带入家庭不仅很危险，而且是残酷和罪恶的。由此推知这个问题有争议， “far from black or white”意思是有争议的，A. contradictory 矛盾的；B. ridiculous 荒谬的；C. controversial 有争议的； D. universal 普遍的，故选 C。【9 题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在第二段 Adam Roberts of Born Free USA keeps a running database of deaths and injuries caused by exotic-pet ownership（ Adam Roberts 记录着因养宠物而导致的死亡和受伤情况）以及结合下面惨痛的事例，可知作者在文中列举了一些伤亡事件是为了表明饲养野生动物是非常危险的，故选 B。【10 题详解】段落大意题。这一段的意思是一些人认为把野生动物当宠物是与自然世界联系的一种方式。其他外来宠物的主人说，他们的动机是希望保护濒危物种。他们认为气候变化和人口增长可能在很短的时间内消灭一个物种，所以有一个备份是一个好主意。由此推断出第三段主要讲了人们把野生动物当宠物饲养的原因，故选 A。【11 题详解】写作意图题。答案定位在最后一段 That，in turn，results in a greater risk to animals still living in their natural habitat （反过来，结果在一个更大的风险中，动物仍然生活在它们的自然栖息地。 ）由此推断出最后一段目的在于反对圈养野生动物，故选 B。DThe United States Postal Service(LISPS)is offering a way to people who are interested in seeing tomorrows mail todayThe postal service will send consumers images(图像)of their letters， magazines and other mail before they arriveThe new service is called Informed DeliveryIt is an attempt to remain competitive in an everchanging worldPostal service officials say the increased use of email，digital messaging services and social media has made it difficult to stay relevantDavid Rupert is a media relations specialist who spoke about the competition the agency now facesWhether you turn on a television or your computer，or people come to your door with different products and services，all of those are competing for consumerstime and energy，he saidInterested users are first required to sign up for Informed DeliveryOnce registered，the consumer receives a daily email with virtual(虚拟)images of letters or other things to be deliveredThe US Postal Service says it can especially help those who have a mailbox at their local post office，so they know when to get their mail：Another postal offering is a service that seeks to make advertising-related mail-often called junk mailmore funThe service uses virtual and augmented reality(虚拟现实和增强现实 )to let consumers interact with their junk mailMany companies put special coding on their advertising，which can give users an interactive experienceSome companies even put virtual reality eyeglasses in the mail to make their ads come to lifeConsumers have mixed reactions to virtual and augmented reality advertising “You can find some good things within junk mail It is a good ideaWe11 see how it works， ”Postal service user Victor Teah saidBut Jocelyn Coatney doesnt think it would change her mind about junk mail “For some，that might be funBut for me，it would be useless， ”she said12. What does the underlined word“they”in the first paragraph refer to?A. The images of the mailB. Informed Delivery servicesC. Letters，magazines and other mailD. The traditional advertisingrelated mail13. Why does the US Postal Service create Informed Delivery?A. To make people interested in mailsB. To improve its competitivenessC. To be relevant to other servicesD. To make a great fortune14. Which of the following best summarizes Paragraph 2?A. The fall of the US Postal ServiceB. The replacement of the mail serviceC. The potential market for the new serviceD. The challenge the US Postal Service faces15. Why does the author write what Victor and Jocelyn said at the end of the text?A. To prove virtual and augmented reality is helpfulB. To show us many users are using advertisingrelated mailC. To give examples of usersmixed reactions to junk mailD. To wish virtual and augmented reality advertising to work better【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了美国邮电业为对未来信件感兴趣的用户提供了一种浏览信件的方法。【12 题详解】推理判断题。The postal service will send consumers images(图像)of their letters，magazines and other mail before they arrive这句话的意思是在它们到达之前，邮政服务将向用户发送他们信件的图像，杂志和其他邮件。由此推断出“they”指的是信件、杂志和其他邮件，故选 C。【13 题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第一段 The new service is called Informed DeliveryIt is an attempt to remain competitive in an everchanging world可知美国邮政业创建 Informed Delivery 是为了提高它的竞争力，故选 B。【14 题详解】段落大意题。第二段 David Rupert is a media relations specialist who spoke about the competition the agency now faces是这一段的主题句，结合本段内容，可知这一段主要讲了美国邮政业面临的挑战，故选D。【15 题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在最后一段 Consumers have mixed reactions to virtual and augmented reality advertising可知作者通过举例说明用户对垃圾邮件的不同反应，故选 C。第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Challenges are regular visitors in our life，and nobody is immune(不受影响)to them_16_However，we can use these challenges to make positive changes in our lifeFor instance：Develop your passion_17_ When you are setting your goals，you always want to be passionate about those goals，because if you love what you do，you will be driven by the desire to achieve success_18_When you have doubts about yourself，you are doing damage to your progressTherefore，you are supposed to see yourself as a winner，and trust yourselfFeeding your mind with positives will reinforce your beliefs and sweep any doubts out of your systemTrack your progressIt is important that you take note of every improvement you make_19_ Every step forward will give you a boost， and accelerate your efforts to the achievement of your ultimate goalLearn how to control your emotionsIt is important that you use your emotional intelligence when you encounter problems in your lifeYou are a product of your thoughts and feelingsAny negative emotions that show up can negate(否定)the positive forward movement you enjoyed earlierSo approach any challenge with a positive attitude _20_ Instead，strongly believe that you have all the tools you need in order to make positive changes in your lifeIt is in your hands to make the changes necessary and to take your life to new heightsAPractice makes perfectB Consider confidence as a must for SuccessC This will motivate you to work even harderDThey can make us lose hope and even give upEDon t feel negative when you meet with difficultiesFThere is nothing to be gained from delaying decisions and thoughtsGHaving an enthusiasm for something will inspire you to achieve your goals【答案】16. D 17. G 18. B 19. C 20. E【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章作者对于在生活中，如何利用挑战，作出积极的改变这一问题，给出了一些建议。【16 题详解】上文 Challenges are regular visitors in our life，and nobody is immune(不受影响)to them说挑战是我们生活的常客，没有人不受它们影响。下文 However，we can use these challenges to make positive changes in our life说然而，在我们的生活中，我们能用这些挑战进行积极的改变。该空承上启下，D 选项“他们可能会让我们失去希望，甚至放弃。 ”切题，故选 D。【17 题详解】上文 Develop your passion说开发你的激情。该空承接上文，G 选项“对某事有热情会激励你实现自己的目标”切题，故选 G。【18 题详解】下文 When you have doubts about yourself，you are doing damage to your progress说当你怀疑自己时，你正在做损害你进步的事情。该空引出下文，B 选项“认为信心是成功的必须条件”切题，故选B。【19 题详解】上文 It is important that you take note of every improvement you make说记录你一点一滴的进步很重要。下文 Every step forward will give you a boost，and accelerate your efforts to the achievement of your ultimate goal说向前地每一步会给你一个推动，促进你的努力，实现你的最终目标。该空承接上文，C 选项“这将激励你更加努力地工作。 ”切题，故选 C。【20 题详解】上文 So approach any challenge with a positive attitude说所以接近有积极态度的任何挑战。 下文 Instead，strongly believe that you have all the tools you need in order to make pos