从词汇能力的培养看新课标英语的教学理念.ppt

从词汇能力的培养看新课标英语的教学理念 曾用强广东外语外贸大学 一 词汇能力的定义 词汇是语言的基本构成 误解 词汇能力 词汇量语言学习 词汇记忆 困惑 学英语最头疼的是背单词 阅读时最怕遇到的是生词 写作时最大的障碍是找不到词 高考时最难解的题是完形填空 你认为 学生在写作文时最薄弱的是什么 A 精确度 G 语法 S 句法结构 V 词汇 CE 汉式英语 C 连贯 T 思想内容 高考题型难易度调查 讨论 词汇记忆该记忆哪些单词 该记忆这些单词的哪些内容 该如何记忆这些单词 A级词汇 正确拼写 理解词义并能够应用于语言理解和写作中 B级词汇 猜测词义 但不一定会正确拼写和应用 C级词汇 只能利用构词知识和上下文语境猜测它们的词义 Howshouldoneinvestasumofmoneyinthesedaysofinflation 通货膨胀 Leftinabankitwillhardlykeepitsvalue howeverhightheinterestrate Onlyabraveman oraveryrichone darestobuyandsellontheStockMarket Todayitseemsthatoneofthebestwaystoprotectyoursavingsandevenincreaseyourwealthistobuybeautifulobjectsfromthepast HereIamgoingtooffersomeadviceoncollectingantiqueclocks whichIpersonallyconsiderasoneofthemostinterestingofantiques 讨论 阅读理解 Howshouldoneinvestasumofmoneyinthesedaysofinflation 通货膨胀 Leftinabankitwillhardlykeepitsvalue howeverhightheinterestrate Onlyabraveman oraveryrichone darestobuyandsellontheStockMarket Todayitseemsthatoneofthebestwaystoprotectyoursavingsandevenincreaseyourwealthistobuybeautifulobjectsfromthepast HereIamgoingtooffersomeadviceoncollectingantiqueclocks whichIpersonallyconsiderasoneofthemostinterestingofantiques 句式结构对比图 试题 讨论 英语写作 句长分布比较图 试题 词长分布比较图 试题 词性分布比较图 试题 结论 词汇能力是语言学习中的最重要能力之一 二 词汇能力的培养 误解 词汇能力的培养 分解的单一技能 知识 训练 困惑 投入大 但收获小 词汇量扩大 但能力提高不明显 讨论 材料 以语篇为单位以话题为指导以任务为中心以关联为内容 结论 词汇能力的培养 形容词搭配best bosom close dear good great intimate real specialHerbestfriendatschoolwascalledAnna I minvitingonlymyclosestfriendstotheparty Friends 形容词搭配faithful loyal truelifelong long standing oldItwassorelaxingtobeamongoldfriends 动词搭配becomeTheybecamefriendsaftermeetingonholiday remain stayWestayedfriendsevenafterwegrewupandlefthome 动词搭配find makeHefindsitdifficulttomakefriends She smadefriendswiththelittlegirlwholivesnextdoor winHewon twinanyfriendsifhecarriesontalkinglikethat 动词搭配haveShedoesn thavemanygoodfriends 三 对新课标英语教学的启示 1 在语篇中考查语言知识和语言技能 2 在应用中考查语言的综合能力 3 提供学生更大的自由发挥空间 4 注重语言与情感文化等因素的融和 语言单位 词句篇 语言范畴 形式结构意义 语言技能 单一技能综合技能 语言策略 识别理解概括推理产出语言任务 无情景情景化 语言能力的发展趋势 我们在语言学习过程中应该充分认识到 语言能力是一个整体概念 即 它的各个组成部分 语言知识 语言技能和语言任务 之间相互联系 互相依存 缺一不可 语言学习不是简单地记忆单词 背诵语法规则 也不只是练好听 说 读和写的技能 掌握语言的词 句 篇必须知道它们如何应用于语言技能中 语言技能必须服务于语言交际目的 即 完成特定的语言任务 语言知识是语言能力的内核部分 学好语言首先必须具备扎实的语言基本功 也就是 具有良好的语言知识并能在语言使用中得到正确的运用 语言的学习必须融入真实的语言情景中 强调语言产出能力的培养 即 写作 笔头产出 和口语 口头产出 同时提高篇章理解与分析的能力 真实性无情景有情景教学方式单一多样化师生互动低高能力维度单维度多维度 语言教学的发展趋势 Unit1FriendshipWarmingUpWhatdoyoudotobeagoodfriend Areyougoodtoyourfriends Makethefollowingsurvey Addupyourscoreandseehowmanypointsyoucanget 1 Youwanttoseeaveryinterestingfilmwithyourfriend butyourfriendcan tgountilhe shefinishescleaningthebicycle YouwillA gowithoutyourfriend B helpyourfriendcleanthebicyclesoyoucanleaveearly C plantogoanothertime2 Yourfriendaskstoborrowyourfavouritecamera Thenhe sheborroweditlasttime he shebrokeitandyouhadtopaytogetitrepaired YouwillA saynoB letyourfriendborrowitwithoutsayinganything C letyourfriendborrowit buttellhim herthatifthecameraisbrokenagain he shewillhavetopaytogetitrepaired 新课标英语教材 Pre reading1 Whydoyouneedfriends Makealistofreasonswhyfriendsareimportanttoyou2 Whatdoyouthinkagoodfriendshouldbelike Listwhatagoodfriendshoulddoandsharethelistwithyourparents 3 Doesafriendalwayshavetobeaperson Whatelsecanbeyourfriend 4 Doyouthinkadiarycanbecomeyourfriend Whyorwhynot ReadingANNE SBESTFRIENDDoyouwantafriendwhomyoucouldtelleverythingto likeyourdeepestfeelingsandthoughts Orareyouafraidthatyourfriendwouldlaughatyou orcan tunderstandwhatyouaregoingthrough AnneFrankwantedthefirstkind soshemadeherdiaryherbestfriend AnnelivedinAmsterdamintheNetherlandsduringWorldWarII HerfamilywasJewishsotheyhadtohideortheywouldbecaughtbytheGermanNazis Sheandherfamilyhidawayfornearlytwenty fivemonthsbeforetheywerediscovered Duringthattimetheonlytruefriendwasherdiary Shesaid Idon twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiaryasmostpeopledo butIwantthisdiaryitselftobemyfriend andIshallcallmyfriendKitty Nowreadhowshefeltafterbeinginthehidingplaceforoverayear Thursday15 1944DearKitty Iwonderifit sbecauseIhaven tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature Icanwellrememberthattherewasatimewhenadeepbluesky thesongofthebirds moonlightandflowerscouldneverhavekeptmespellbound That schangedsinceIwashere Forexample whenitwassowarm Istayedawakeonpurposeuntilhalfpastelevenoneeveninginordertohaveagoodlookatthemoonforoncebymyself Butasthemoongavefartoomuchlight Ididn tdareopenawindow Anothertimefivemonthsago Ihappenedtobeupstairsoneeveningwhenthewindowwasopen Ididn tgodownstairsuntilthewindowhadtobeshut Thedark rainyevening thewind thethunderingcloudsheldmeentirelyintheirpower itwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI dseenthenightfacetoface Yours Anne Comprehending1Jointhecorrectpartsofthesentences 1 AnnekeptadiarybecauseA Shecouldn tmeetherfiends 2 ShefeltverylonelybecauseB JewswerecaughtbyNazisandputaway 3 TheyhadtohidebecauseC Shecouldtelleverythingtoit 4 AnnenamedherdiaryKittybecauseD Theywerediscovered 5 TheywerefinallycaughtbecauseE Shethoughtitwasherbestfriend 2Choosethecorrectanswers 1 AnneFrankandherfamilyhidawayfor A overayearB overtwoyearsC threeyearsD oneyearandahalf3Answerthefollowingquestions 1WhatwouldyoumissmostifyouwentintohidinglikeAnneandherfamily Explainwhy LearningaboutlanguageDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressions1FromWarmingUpandReading findthewordsandexpressionswiththefollowingmeaning 1 believe6 writedown2 feelingdisturbed7 suffersomething3 free nottiedup8 withthepurposeofdoingsomething4 makeonebecomecalm9 stayingclosetoandlookingatsomebody5 veryinterestedinsomething10 asstatedbysomebodyorsomething2CompletethispassagewithsomeofthewordsaboveandintheWarmingUp Anne ssister Margot wasvery thatthefamilyhadtomove Shefounditdifficulttosettleand inthehidingplacebecauseshewas whethertheywouldbediscovered Sheknewshehadto herparentsand themthiswasnecessary Atfirstshethoughtshewouldgo butlatersherealizedthatitwasbetterto thistogether 3Completethefollowingsentences usingthewordsfromWarmingUpandReading 1 Ifyouare aboutsomebody youwanttoofferhelpbecauseyouareworriedabouthim her 2 WasitanaccidentordidDaviddoiton 3 Fromtheverybeginning Paulmadeitclearthathewouldbe incontrol 4 Heusedtowork eveninthemiddleofwinter 5 isalltheanimals plantsandotherthingsintheworldthatarenotmadebypeople andalltheeventsthatarenotcausedbypeople 6 Justthe ofmorefoodmadeherfeelsick 4Bothhavetoandhavegottocanmean itisadutytodosomething FindthesentencesthatcontainhavetoandhavegottointheWarmingUpandReading LearningaboutlanguageDiscoveringusefulstructures1 Lookatthesesentences Canyoufindoutthedifferencebetweendirectspeechandindirectspeech Idon twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiary saidAnne Annesaidthatshedidn twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiary Doyouthinkadiarycanbecomeyourfriend thewriterasksus Thewriteraskedusifwethinkadiarycanbecomeourfriend Anne ssisteraskedherwhatshecalledherdiary Whatdoyoucallyourdiary Anne ssisteraskedher2 Pleasechangethefollowingdirectspeechintoindirectspeechandindirectintodirect 1 I mgoingtohidefromtheGermans Annesaid 2 Idon tknowtheaddressofmynewhome saidAnne 3 Icannotaskmyfatherbecauseitisnotsafetoknow shesaid 4 Ihadtopackupmythingsveryquickly thegirlsaid 5 Whydidyouchooseyourdiaryandoldletters Dadaskedher UsingLanguageReading listeningandwriting1LisawrotealettertoMissWangofRadioforTeenagersandtoldherwhatwasupsettingher Readtheletter DearMissWang Iamhavingsometroublewithmyclassmatesatthemoment I mgettingalongwellwithaboyinmyclass Weoftendohomeworktogetherandweenjoyhelpingeachother Wehavebecomereallygoodfiends Butotherstudentshavestartedgossiping TheysaythatthisboyandIhavefalleninlove Thishasmademeangry Ididn twanttoendthefriendship butIhaveothersgossiping WhatshouldIdo Lisa UsingLanguageReading listeningandwriting2PlaythetapeandlistentowhatMissWangsays andthenanswerthefollowingquestions 1 WhatdoesMissWangsayabouttheirfriendship Shesaysthat 2 WhydoesMissWangthinkitwouldbefoolishiftheyendtheirfriendship Shethinksthat 3 HowdoessheexplainwhyLisa sclassmatesgossipabouttheirfriendship Shesaysthat 4 WhatisMissWang sadvice SheasksLisato 3Listentothetapeagainandtrytospelloutthewordsasyouheartheirpronunciation 1 Endingyourfriendshipwiththisboywouldbea thingtodo 2 Butthat sno tothrowawayyourfriendshipwiththisboy 3 Thatwayyouwillshowthemthatyouaremore upthantheyare UsingLanguageSpeakingWorkingroupsoffour Designaquestionnairetofindoutwhatkindoffriendsyourclassmatesare UsethequizintheWarmingUptohelpyou Herearethestepsyoumayfollow Step1 Inyourgroup thinkoffoursituationsamongfriends Designfourquestionsaccordinglywiththreepossibleanswers Step2 Putthefourquestionstogetherandmakeaquestionnaire Step3 Checkthequestionnairethroughandtryitoutonyourowngroup Step4 Shareyourquestionnaireswithoneortwoothergroupsandtryeachother squestionnaires UsingLanguageReadingandwritingThe21stCenturyisapopularpaperamongteenagersinChina Ifyouhaveanyproblem youcanwritetotheeditorandaskforadvice Hereisaletterfromastudent WriteyouradvicetoXiaodongasaneditor Thefollowingpointsmayhelpyou Makeanefforttochangethesituation Starttalkingtopeopleaboutwhatyoubothlike Joininpeople sdiscussion Showyourinterestintheirtalk Trytomakefriendswithoneortwoclassmates Deareditor I mastudentfromSuzhouSeniorHighSchool Ihaveaproblem I mnotverygoodatcommunicatingwithpeople AlthoughIreallytrytotalktomyclassmates Istillfindithardtomakegoodfriendswiththem SoIfeelquitelonelysometimes Idowanttochangethissituation butIdon tknowhow Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldgivemesomeadvice Xiaodong 任务型活动的结构任务型活动由目标 输入 活动 角色 环境 输出和评估七个部分组成 1 目标 任务型活动的主要目标是理解和传输信息 要求学生在执行任务的过程中 有意义地运用英语 2 输入 在任务型活动中 输入是指所用的视觉和听觉材料 3 活动 任务型活动不是基于语言学习的技能训练 而是基于完成任务的听说读写等活动 4 角色 学生是完成任务的执行者或参与者 有时也充当策划者或组织者 具有相当大的自主性 5 环境 环境主要指课堂教学的组织形式 包括任务完成的方式 也包括课外活动等 6 输出 在任务型活动中指的是学生在完成任务的过程中表达的意见 见解及问题的答案等 任务型语言教学应注意的问题1 任务目标要明确 2 任务设计要真实 3 任务难易要适中 4 任务结果要评价 教学活动 呈现式 训练式和交际式语言知识 词 句和篇语言技能 听 说 读和写主动性 学生参与教学活动的主动性积极性 教学活动的学生参与度注意力 学生上课时注意力是否集中流利度 学生语言表达的流利程度产出 学生的语言产出效果 评估学生语言产出的正确性 课堂教学评估表 谢谢