2018年中考英语真题分类汇编--阅读理解--校园生活含解析

2018 年中考英语真题分类汇编- 阅读理解-校园生活含解析专项训练五 校园生活时间：810 分钟/篇 分值：2 分/小题Passage 1(2018 贵港)Mahalya Daye is a student in Grade 8 at Lamberton Middle School in Pennsylvania, US. Every afternoon at 2 oclock, she runs to a store at her school, she is not running to buy snacks. Instead, she works as the storekeeper and helps count change(零钱) for customers.“I didnt know that it took so much work. I didnt do anything like this， ” Mahalya told The Sentinel, a local newspaper.In fact, she and another 11 students work as the storekeepers at Bison Bargains, the schools first studentrun store. It started on February 22, and it opens each school day during break time from 2 to 230 pm. It mainly sells stationery and snacks.Through this, students see what a business is like. Christian Ilg, a 14yearold student, was really surprised by how hard it was to not make mistakes and do the transactions(交易). “Its kind of a challenge to learn all the information on the stock(供应物) lists and remember all the prices of the products， ” Christian told the newspaper.To help them learn about business, they took a class. The class taught students how to use money and some simple business rules.The school did a survey on what products students would buy from a school store. In the future, they plan to sell things made by the students themselves. For example, students can sell their homemade pencil boxes and phone cases.( )1. Mahalya runs to a store in her school to_A. buy some snacks B. learn about customersC. work as the storekeeper D. learn about the information( )2. What does the underlined word “stationery” mean in Chinese?A. 文具 B. 餐具 C. 道具 D. 家具( )3. How long does Bison Bargains open each school day duringbreak time?A. 60 minutes. B. 50 minutes.C. 40 minutes. D. 30 minutes.( )4. The purpose of having a studentrun store is to _A. teach students to learn from mistakesB. help students see what a business is likeC. sell more stationery and snacks to studentsD. start a class on how to use money in the store( )5. What is this passage mainly about?A. The schools new program, a studentrun store.B. The results of a survey on the studentrun store.C. The reasons of opening a studentrun store.D. The rules of the studentrun store.Passage 2(2018 丽水)A team is a group of people with a common goal. A schools football team has two goals. One goal is to win. That is what the team wants to do. The other goal is to build character. Character is what a person values, how a person gets along with others. That is why schools have football teams. They want to help students build good values.Each team member builds character. They learn to cooperate(合作). They learn to make good decisions. They work hard. They practice every day. They learn to follow the rules.Each team member has a position(位置). Each position is part of winning. No one player has the ability to win the game for the team. Only if the team works together does a team win. People often say, “There_is_no_I_in_TEAM.”Whether the team wins or loses, at the end of the game they congratulate the other team. That is called sportsmanship. While they fight to win during the game, it is just a game. They cannot be angry with the other team. If they are, theyll hear from their coach._ makes sure the team reaches the schools goal. The coach cares about the whole team. The coach gives each player advice. When the team wins, everyone celebrates. And the coach is glad. But after the season is over, the coach is still happy. The coach gets to see the players as they go to school every day. The character they have built is part of their success in school, too.Some coaches say that if you go into a classroom at their school youll be able to tell the players. It is not that they are bigger than the other students. It is the ones who are helping other students work. Teamwork is part of their lives.( )1. Schools build football teams mainly to help students_A. get good grades B. become leadersC. build good values D. improve football skills( )2. What does the underlined sentence “There is no I in TEAM.” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. I never take part in the game.B. I am not a member of the team.C. A famous star is the key to success.D. Teamwork comes first during the game.( )3. Which of the following can be put in the blank in Paragraph 5?A. The captain B. The coachC. The headmaster D. The monitor( )4. Some coaches think football players are different from others because they are _A. taller B. biggerC. more helpful D. more talentedPassage 3(2018 乐山)When we say a person blows his own trumpet(小号), we mean he talks a lot about his own achievements(成就). That expression usually shows disapproval(不赞成). But recently at a top private girls school in Britain, students were encouraged to blow their own trumpet.Some excellent girls are under a great deal of pressure(压力) and find it difficult to accept their success. The purpose of the “Blow Your Own Trumpet” week was to help these students. “Some teenagers will continue to push themselves and never realise that theyve done enough， ” said Ms. Hanbury, head of Wimbledon High School in London, “Without being able to accept when things have gone right, some girls might never be happy”The school wanted to help the girls build an ability to get better from setbacks quickly, so they wouldnt think it was the end of the world if they didnt do well in an exam. In the “Blow Your Own Trumpet” week, students were encouraged to talk about their experiences of success and failure. They were also asked to think carefully about their achievements in each subject during lessons, make videos and act out plays to tell the stories of success and failure in classes.Ms. Hanbury said she wanted her students to be confident in the things theyre good at and to also know theyre not good at everything. It was important for them to know their own strengths(长处) and weaknesses, she added. She also said girls needed to understand that being praised for achievements was quite different from showing off(炫耀)( )1. If someone blows his own trumpet, he _A. likes playing musical instrumentB. always lies to people he doesnt likeC. likes talking about how successful he isD. always minds too much if others do something wrong( )2. The purpose of building up the “Blow Your Own Trumpet” week was _A. to guide students how to manage their time wellB. to let students learn about the importance of winningC. to teach students how to praise themselves without being shyD. to help students deal with difficulties and accept their success( )3. If the girls didnt do well in an exam, the school wanted them to feel _A. sad and hopelessB. it was not the end of the worldC. they could do nothing but study harderD. it was necessary to always do better than others( )4. What does the underlined word “setbacks” mean in Chinese?A. 弱点 B. 吹嘘 C. 病痛 D. 挫折( )5. Students at the school did all of the following in the “Blow Your Own Trumpet” week EXCEPT _A. talking about their failuresB. making videos about their hobbiesC. thinking about the progress theyve madeD. telling the stories of success and failure through plays, 小 词 典)1transaction n. 交易 2.stock n供应物3cooperate v. 合作 4.position n. 位置5trumpet n. 小号 6.achievement n. 成就7disapproval n. 不赞成 8.pressure n. 压力9strength n. 长处 10.show off 炫耀 专项训练五 校园生活Passage 1【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了 Mahalya 和其他11 名学生在学校商店工作的经历，这让学生们对商业活动有了更深的了解。1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. APassage 2【主旨大意】本文为一篇议论文。作者通过介绍足球运动向我们阐述了团队精神的重要性。1. C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：学校组建足球队主要是为了帮助学生们 。根据第一段第二至第五句“A schools football team has two goals.The other goal is to build character.”可知学校组建足球队的目的有两个，即赢得比赛和培养学生品质，故选 C。2. D【解析】句意猜测题。题干意为：第三段中划线句子“There is no I in TEAM.”是什么意思？由第三段第三、四句“No one player has the ability.Only if the team works together does a team win.”可知没有一个运动员有独自赢得比赛的能力，只有团队协作才可能赢得(比赛) ，故划线部分意为“在比赛中团队合作是首要的” ，故选 D。3. B【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：下面哪一项能放在第五段空白处？根据本段内容可知本段主要讲的是教练在团队合作中的作用，故选 B。4. C【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：一些教练认为足球运动员与其他人不同，是因为他们 。根据最后一段第二、三句“It is not that they are bigger than the other students.It is the ones who are helping other students work.”可知足球运动员更懂得去帮助别人，故选 C。Passage 3【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要围绕 “Blow Your Own Trumpet(自吹自擂)”展开，以英国一所顶级私立女子学校为例介绍了这一活动，鼓励学生说出自己取得的成功，借此来帮助她们建立从失败或挫折中快速恢复的能力。1. C【 解析】细节理解题。题干意为：如果有人自我吹嘘，那么他。根据文中第一段第一句“.we mean he talks a lot about his own achievements(成就) ”可知，他大肆谈论自己的成就。故选 C。2. D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：建立“自吹自擂”周的目的是。根据文中第二段第一、二句“Some excellent girls .The purpose of the Blow Your Own Trumpet week was to help these students.”可知，有些优秀的女生处于极大的压力中，接受自己的成功是困难的，所以要建立“自吹自擂”周来帮助她们。故选 D。3. B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：如果女孩们在考试中表现得不好，学校想要她们感觉。根据文中第三段第一句“The school wanted to help the girls build an ability to get better from setbacks quickly, so they wouldnt think it was the end of the world if they didnt do well in an exam.”可知，学校不希望她们认为这是世界末日。故选 B。4. D【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：划线单词“setbacks ”的汉语意思是什么？根据单词所在句子中的“.if they didnt do well in an exam.”可推知，它的意思是“挫折” 。故选 D。5. B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在“自吹自擂”周中，学生们做了下面的事，除了。根据文中第三段第二句“In the Blow Your Own Trumpet week, students were encouraged to talk about their experiences of success and failure.”可知 A 项是正确的；根据第三段最后一句“They were also asked to think carefully about their achievements in each subject during lessons, make videos and act out plays to tell the stories of success and failure in classes.”可知 C、D 是正确的。用排除法，故选 B。