资源描述
（文学、艺术、音乐） 导读：一位美国早期的作家曾经说过：“美国人对音乐艺术几乎是相当无知。”你认可这种观点吗？美国人究竟有哪些音乐爱好呢？American Music StylesJames Fenimore Cooper, an early American writer, once said, The Americans are almost ignorant of the art of music. If that was once true, you would never know it today. Most Americans-even those without a musical bone in their bodies-have a favorite style of music. Many people enjoy classical and folk music from around the world. But other popular music styles in America were made in the U.S.A. Country and western music lies close to the heart of many Americans. This style originated among country folks in the southern and western United States. Country music tells down-to-earth stories about love and lifes hardships. Guitars, banjos and violins give country music its characteristic sound. The home of country music is Nashville, Tennessee-Music City U.S.A. Jazz music, developed by African-Americans in the late 1800s, allows performers to freely express their emotions and musical skill. Instead of just playing the melody, jazz musicians improvise different tunes. The peak of jazz music came in the 1920s. This period produced musicians like Louis Armstrong, Benny Goodman and Duke Ellington. Different styles of jazz developed in different cities, such as New Orleans, Chicago, New York and Kansas City.The 1950s saw the development of an explosive new music style: rock n roll. This powerful music style addresses issues like love, sex, drugs, politics and death. Often it rebels against the accepted values of society. Rock concerts, featuring loud music and sometimes weird stage acts, have bee a major part of American youth culture. Music videos on television have spread the message of rock to the far corners of the globe. And the beat goes on. Pop music represents popular styles that have wide appeal. Golden oldies from the past bring back pleasant memories for many. Rap music, which burst onto the music scene in the 1970s, is actually more like a rhyming chant. Rappers give a strong-sometimes vulgar-message about life in the streets. Americans have always been a religious people, and music has long been a part of their religious experience, as well. Todays Christian styles fit all musical tastes-from country to jazz to pop to rock to rap. In America, music is a shared experience. People grow up with piano lessons, chorus classes and marching band practices. They can talk about their tastes in music when there isnt anything else to talk about. If James Fenimore Cooper were here today, he would surely have to change his tune. 美国的音乐风格詹姆斯费尼莫尔库柏，一位美国早期的作家，曾经说过：“美国人对音乐艺术几乎是相当无知。”如果这句话曾经是事实，今天就绝对不是你所知道的样子了。大部份的美国人甚至那些根本没有音乐细胞的人都有自己喜爱的音乐类型。很多人喜欢来自世界各地的古典音乐和民间音乐。但是美国其他的流行音乐则是土生土长的。在美国，乡村和西部音乐深入人心。这种音乐风格是从美国南部和西部的乡村音乐发展而来的。乡村音乐讲述的是平实的爱情故事和生活的艰辛。吉他、五弦琴和小提琴赋予了乡村音乐特有的音色。美国乡村音乐的故乡是位于田纳西州的那什维尔市，它号称美国音乐之城。爵士乐，是在19世纪晚期由非裔美国人创造的，这种音乐可以让演奏者自由宣泄自己的情绪、表现自己的音乐技巧。爵士乐手们不仅演奏乐曲，也可以即兴创作不同的曲调。20世纪20年代，爵士乐进入了巅峰时期。这个时期造就了路易斯阿姆斯特朗、古德曼和埃林顿这样的杰出乐手。不同城市孕育了不同风格的爵士乐，比如新奥尔良、芝加哥、纽约和堪萨斯市。20世纪50年代见证了一种爆炸性的音乐类型的发展，这就是摇滚乐。这种音乐极具震撼力，涉及的是诸如爱情、性、毒品、政治和死亡之类的话题。它经常叛离世人接受的社会价值观念。摇滚音乐会凭借其高昂的乐声和怪异的舞台表演已经成为美国年轻人的主流文化之一。摇滚音乐的视频也通过电视传播到了世界偏远的角落。音乐的节拍一直在前进。流行音乐代表了流行的风格深受大众喜爱。逝去的岁月留给我们的“黄金老歌”带领很多人重温昔日的美好回忆。嘻哈音乐，于20世纪70年代迅速跻身音乐舞台，它实际就像一种押韵的说唱。嘻哈乐手表达的是强烈的、有时甚至是粗俗的街头生活。美国人一直是信奉宗教的民族，因此音乐也是他们宗教体验的一部分。如今的基督教音乐可以满足人们不同的音乐品味乡村音乐、爵士乐、流行音乐、摇滚乐、嘻哈音乐无不包含其中。在美国，音乐是一种可以与人分享的体验。人们在钢琴课、合唱队和游行乐队的练习中成长起来。当无话可谈的时候，他们就可以聊一聊自己的音乐爱好。如果今天费尼莫尔库柏还在人世，他肯定得更正自己的论调了。【重点单词】1. ignorant gn()r()nt adj. 无知的；愚昧的2. originate rdnet; - vt. 引起；创作3. banjo bnd n. 班卓琴；五弦琴4. improvise mprvaz vt. 即兴创作；即兴表演5. weird wd adj. 怪异的；不可思议的6. chant tnt n. 圣歌；赞美诗7. vulgar vlg adj. 粗俗的；通俗的【重点短语 / 亮点句式】1. instead of代替；而不是。这是一个复合介词，后跟名词、代词或者动名词作宾语。如：Why dont you play football instead of just looking on?你为什么不参加踢足球而只是看热闹?2. such as比如；诸如。这个短语用来表示不完全列举。如：Heroes such as Huang Jiguang will always live in the hearts of the people.像黄继光这样的英雄人物， 将永远活在人民的心里。I like drinks such as tea and soda.我喜欢诸如茶和汽水之类的饮料。3. The 1950s saw the development of an explosive new music style: rock n roll.20世纪50年代见证了一种爆炸性的音乐类型的发展，这就是摇滚乐。动词see作“经历；见证”讲时，主语通常是某个时间或者地点，并且通常不用进行时态。如：The city has seen plenty of violence over the years. 近年本市发生多起暴力事件。The country sees a decrease in population.这个国家人口数出现了下降。4. If James Fenimore Cooper were here today, he would surely have to change his tune. 如果今天费尼莫尔库柏还在人世，他肯定得更正自己的论调了。这个主从复合句中使用了虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反，if从句中的动词用用过去时过去时(Be动词用were)，主句中的动词用should/would/could/might+do。如：If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你）If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道）练习1. Mary is ill today. If she _， she _ absent from school.A. were not ill， wouldnt be B. had been ill， wouldnt have beenC. had been ill， should have been D. hadnt been ill， could be2. How many music styles are mentioned in the passage? What are they?答案 文学、艺术、音乐是高中新课标话题之一。该话题主要包括各种文学类型、艺术形式、文化名人以及艺术家等方面。文学与艺术这个话题与我们的实际生活密切相关，对于学生了解国内外的文学与艺术形式，还有它们的特点、历史、发展与创新等都有帮助。该话题能够引导学生接受和尊重不同国家和民族的文学及艺术，并亲身感受文学与艺术的魅力。文学、艺术、音乐话题是近几年的高考英语必考话题之一，而且常以阅读理解、完形填空、七选五以及书面表达的形式来考查，例如2017年新课标卷II书面表达，2017年江苏卷阅读理解A篇，2017年浙江卷阅读理解A篇阅，2016年全国卷书面表达；2015年全国卷阅读理解C篇；2015年重庆卷阅读理解E篇；2014年新课标全国卷阅读理解D篇；2012年天津卷书面表达；2011年山东卷完形填空等。 【相关词汇】话题单词1. instrument nstrmntn.乐器 2. folk fk adj.民间的3. applause plzn.鼓掌欢迎 4. musician mjuz()nn.音乐家5. concert knstn. 音乐会 6. perform pfmv.表演7. performance pfmnsn.表演 8. classical klsk()ladj.古典的9. influence nflnsvt. 影响10. record rekdvt.& vi.录音；纪录n记录；唱片11. relaxed rlkstadj.放松的 12. depressed dpresadj. 压抑的13.interpret ntprt v. 解释；说明14. honour nv.尊敬；敬重15. present prez()ntv.赠送；颁发16. collection klek()nn. 收藏17. earn nvt. 赚钱，获得，博得18. hit ht n.成功19. appreciate prietv. 欣赏20. attractive trktvadj.吸引人的话题短语1. make contact with与进行来往 2. all of a sudden 突然3. give life to赋予生命(生命力，活力) 4. dance to the music伴着音乐跳舞5.(be)true of/for与情况相同 6. depend on依靠，依赖 7. (be)the same with与情况相同 8. draw upon利用，凭借，依赖，临近 9. give concerts举办音乐会10. in addition to 除此之外；还有11. share feelings and ideas with与分享感受与想法 12. take advantage of 利用13. try out 尝试 14. be blessed with 有幸15. e out 出版 16. play jokes on sb. 在某人身上开玩笑17. base on / upon基于，以为根据18. break up vt. & vi. 分解，分开 ; 破碎，解体话题句子1She graduated from the Shanghai Conservatory of Music，where she also studied the guzheng in 1993. 她毕业于上海音乐学院，1993年她还在那里学习弹奏古筝。2Its the same with classical Chinese music. 中国古典音乐也是一样。3The moment they start to play，it is clear the members of Twelve Girls Band are among the most gifted musicians in the world.她们一开始演奏，就立刻证明了女子十二乐坊的成员是世界上最有天赋的音乐家。4In addition to the awards themselves，there are also performances by famous artists at the ceremony. 除了大奖本身以外，颁奖典礼上还有著名艺术家的表演。5Therefore，the Grammys are not taken seriously by some musicians or music fans.因此，格莱美并不为某些音乐家或音乐迷看重。6Songs that are spoken rather than sung are called rap. 采用近乎念白方式而不是唱的歌曲被叫做绕舌歌。7As well as attracting huge audiences in its Hong Kong home, Cantopop has spread offshore, and its stars are known in Beijing, London and New York. 粤语流行音乐不仅仅吸引了香港本地的大量听众，而且传到海外的其他国家，香港的歌星在北京、伦敦和纽约都很有名。8My message is that it doesnt matter if youre black, white, fat, thin, old and youngwere all the same, its a great world and you can do something with your life.我想告诉大家的是不管你是黑人还是白人，肥胖还是瘦小，年长还是年幼，这些都不重要我们都是一样的，这是一个美妙的世界，你可以在有生之年做些事情。 I阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A (2017浙江卷)Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In those days, a brush was made from camels hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged （蓬乱）. His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.The cats lot was about to improve. That year, one of Benjamins cousins, Mr. Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamins drawings. When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings（版画） by an artist. These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen. In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old, Mr. Pennington returned for another visit. He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamins parents if he might take the boy to Philadelphia for a visit.In the city, Mr. Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The boy began a landscape(风景) painting. William Williams, a well-known painter, came to see him work. Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. The books were long and dull. Benjamin could read only a little, having been a poor student. But he later said,Those two books were my panions by day, and under my pillow at night.While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist.1. What is the text mainly about?A. Benjamins visit to Philadelphia.B. Williams influence on Benjamin.C. The beginning of Benjamins life as an artist.D. The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.2. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 suggest?A. The cat would be closely watched.B. The cat would get some medical care.C. Benjamin would leave his home shortly.D. Benjamin would have real brushes soon.3. What did Pennington do to help Benjamin develop his talent?A. He took him to see painting exhibitions.B. He provided him with painting materials.C. He sent him to a school in Philadelphia.D. He taught him how to make engravings.4. Williams two books helped Benjamin to _.A. master the use of paintsB. appreciate landscape paintingsC. get to know other paintersD. make up his mind to be a painterB （2017年新课标卷II）In the ing months, we are bringing together artists from all over the globe, to enjoy speaking Shakespeares plays in their own language, in our globe, within the architecture Shakespeare wrote for. please e and join us.National Theatre Of China Beijing|ChineseThis great occasion(盛会) will be the national Theatre of Chinas first visit to the UK. The panys productions show the new face of 21st century Chinese theatre. This production of Shakespeares Richard III will be directed by the Nationals Associate Director, Wang Xiaoying.Date &Time: Saturday 28 April,2.30pm&Sunday 29 April,1.30pm&6.30pmMarjanishvili Theatre Tbilisi |Georgian One of the most famous theatres in Georgia, the Marjanishvili, founded in 1928,appears regularly at theatre festivals all over the world. This new production of As You Like It is helmed（指导）by the panys Artistic Director Levan Tsuladze.Date & Time : Friday 18May,2.30pm&Saturday 19May,7.30pmDeafinitely Theatre London | British Sign Language （BSL）By translating the rich and humourous text of Loves Labours Lost into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeares edy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience.Date&Time: Tueaday 22 May,2.30pm&Wednesday 23 May,7.30pmHabima National Theatre Tel Aviv| HebrewThe Habima is the centre of Hebrew-language theatre worldwide, Founded in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, the pany eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s,Since 1958,they have been recognized as the national theatre of Israel. This production of Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice marks their first visit to the UK.Date &Time: Monday 28May,7.30&Tuesday 29 May,7.30pm1.which play will be performed by the National Theatre of China?A. Richard . B. Lovers Labours Lost.C.As You Like It. D. The merchant of Venice.2.What is special about Deafinnitely Theatre?A. It has two groups of actors. B. It is the leading theatre in London.C. It performs plays in BSL. D. It is good at producing edies.3.When can you see a play in Hebrew?A. On Saturday 28Apil. B. On Sunday 29 April.C. On Tuesday 22 May. D. On Tuesday 29 May.CSalvador Dali (1904-1989) was one of the most popular of modern artists. The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory. There is also LEnigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artists showman qualities.The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning, the world of birth. The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities (无限). From the infinity small to the infinity large, contraction and expansion ing in and out of focus: amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueras, explains the Pompidou Centre.The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg.1. Which of the following best describe Dali according to Paragraph 1?A. Optimistic.B. Productive.C. Generous.D. Traditional.2. What is Dalis The Persistence of Memory considered to be? A. One of his masterworks. B. A successful screen adaptation. C. An artistic creation for the stage. D. One of the beat TV programmes.3. How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali?A. By popularity.B. By importance.C. By size and shape.D. By time and subject.4. What does the word contributions in the last paragraph refer to? A. Artworks.B. Projects.C. Donations.D. Documents.DBelgium is the land of music festivals. There are rock, pop, world, electronic music festivals and more, so youre sure to find a festival that suits your taste.GroezrockGroezrock could be considered the opener of the festival season in Belgium. This festival grew from a small event to an international festival that had 33,000 visitors in 2016. If youre into the harder stuff(东西), this is where you need to go.When? April 29-30, 2017. Where? Meerhout. Music? Punk, emo, ska and rock in all its variations. Free? No.Sfinks MixedSfinks is a world music festival that focuses on bringing culture together. There are also plenty of things to do besides watching the performances. Good to know for families: Sfinks is a kid-friendly festival, with workshops, storytelling and performances aimed at children.When? July 27-30, 2017. Where? Boechout. Music? World. Free? The festival is free; the camping is not.Graspop Metal MeetingIf Groezrock doesnt seem rough enough to you, Graspop Metal Meeting might. As the name says, this festival is all about metal, rock and punk. In 2016 the festival received 140,000 visitors who came to watch the more than 100 bands performing.When? June 16-18, 2017. Where? Dessel. Music? Metal. Free? No.Genk on StageGenk on Stage is a pop musical with not only a lot of Belgian artists, but also some international names. 80,000 people attended Genk on Stage in 2016.When? June 23-25, 2017. Where? Genk. Music? Pop. Free? Yes.1.Which may kick off the festival season in Belgium?A. Groezrock.B. Sfinks Mixed.C. Graspop Metal Meeting.D. Genk on Stage.2.What do we know about Sfinks Mixed?A. It enjoys worldwide popularity.B. Its mainly targeted at kids.C. It bines fun with culture.D. It features certain types of music.3.Where are crazy metal music enthusiasts most likely to go?A. Meerhout.B. Boechout.C. Genk.D. Dessel. A【文章大意】本文属于记叙文，主要讲了美国绘画之父Benjamin在决定要成为一名画家之前的经历。1.C 【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了美国绘画之父Benjamin在成为一名画家之前的生活经历，并介绍了Pennington对Benjamin在绘画道路上的一些帮助，故选C。 4.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist可知：这两本书帮助Benjamin坚定了自己成为一名画家的决心，故选D。B【文章大意】本文是一篇与音乐剧有关的应用文。主要介绍了莎士比亚的戏剧被翻译成几个国家的语言，并将在这些国家的大剧院上映的有关情况。1.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据This great occasion(盛会) will be the national Theatre of Chinas first visit to the UK .以及This production of Shakespeares Richard III will be directed by the Nationals Associate Director,Wang Xiaoying，可知Richard III将要在中国国家大剧院上映。故选A。2.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据By translating the rich and humourous text of Loves Labours Lost into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeares edy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds可知选C。3.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据Date Date&Time:Monday 28May,7.30&Tuesday 29 May,7.30pm可知，可以在5月29日，星期二这一天，在希伯来观看戏剧。故选D。C【文章大意】本文介绍了著名的西班牙艺术家萨尔瓦多达利的艺术作品即将在法国巴黎The Pompidou Centre展出的情况。1.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段可知艺术家萨尔瓦多达利的200多幅油画、雕塑和绘画作品等将在巴黎的The Pompidou Centre展出。由此可判断这个艺术家的创作颇丰。optimistic乐观的；productive多产的；generous慷慨的；traditional传统的。故选B。 3.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain可知，达利的世界是按照时间和主题组织作品展览的。4.A 【解析】词义猜测题。根据最后一段可知，多家博物馆通力合作，共同精选展出作品。文中提到像西班牙马德里的博物馆和圣彼德斯堡的博物馆这样的机构也提供萨尔瓦多达利的作品参加展览。由此推测，contributions指作品，故选A。D【文章大意】本文为应用文，涉及音乐节话题。作者推介了比利时几个重要的音乐节。1.A 【解析】考查细节理解。根据Groezrock部分中的Groezrock could be considered the opener of the festival season in Belgium可知，Groezrock拉开了比利时音乐节的序幕。2.C 【解析】考查细节理解。根据Sfinks Mixed部分中的Sfinks is a world music festival that focuses on bringing culture together. There are also plenty of things to do.可知，该音乐节将娱乐和文化结合在一起。3.D 【解析】考查推理判断。根据Graspop Metal Meeting部分中的If Groezrock doesnt seem rough enough to you, Graspop Metal Meeting might this festival is all about metal, rock and punk可知，对于狂热的金属乐爱好者，Graspop Metal Meeting可能更适合他们；再结合下文的Where? Dessel可知举办地是Dessel，故选D。
展开阅读全文