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Unit 3考点规范练(选修8Unit 3)【短文语法填空】Best paniesShine United(Madison，Wisconsin)In the past five years，this Wisconsinbased advertising agency has shared more than$500,000 in profits with its employees through the panys ShineShares program.The agency partnered with the University of Wisconsins oncology department to develop the Ride，a biking event that benefits cancer research.Employees also get snacks every day，“Beer Thirty”on Thursdays，and Summer Fridays，a program that lets employees leave at noon.GroundFloor Media(Denver，Colorado)The key for workers at this midsize public relations firm in Denver is that employees work anytime，anywhere.Headquarters are in a former warehouse downtown，near Coors Field.The offices are spread around the central space that doubles as a wet bar every Thursday when the panys “beer club” brings in a new brew.Ergodyne(St.Paul，Minnesota)The St.Paulbased pany has grown to operate out of a retired storehouse with plenty of natural light.Rules about dressing？“Wear something.” Its purpose? To create cool，fortable, and tough safety workwear for those who need it to get the job done.Ergodyne has around 50 employees, who enjoy hotdish cookoffs, tickets to sporting events, and at least one happy hour every quarter.Southwest Michigan First(Kalamazoo，Michigan)Its family first at this Michigan economic development advising agency.CEO Ron Kitchens says that in the past year，the pany has made a push to go green，initially started by the millennial employees who make up half the agencys workforce.A new staff position was created for the purpose of making sure every employee is able to balance working and cheering at their kids sporting events or going fishing.1Whats the purpose of the ShineShares program?ATo raise money for a research.BTo let employees leave earlier.CTo share the panys benefits.DTo partner with a local university.2What does Southwest Michigan First encourage their employees to do?ATo acpany their families.BTo create new staff positions.CTo join in cooking petitions.DTo enjoy themselves in sporting events.3Which pany allows its staff a flexible working time?AShine United.BGroundFloor Media.CSouthwest Michigan First.DErgodyne.4What can we know about the panies mentioned in the text?AThey offer employees financial support.BThey care about employees happiness.CThey have strict rules about dressing.DThey have training programs.【解题导语】本文是一篇广告类应用文，主要介绍了四个最好的公司。它们有的和员工分享利润并给员工提供零食和啤酒，有的鼓励员工陪伴家人，有的允许员工在任何时候任何地点工作，有的允许员工穿着随意的衣服。【难句分析】The key for workers at this midsize public relations firm in Denver is that employees work anytime，anywhere.分析：该句为主从复合句。句中that employees work anytime，anywhere为that 引导的表语从句。译文：员工在这家位于丹佛的中等规模的公关公司工作的关键是员工可以在任何时间任何地点工作。1C考查细节理解。根据第一段第一句“In the past five years，this Wisconsinbased advertising agency has shared more than $500,000 in profits with its employees through the panys ShineShares program”可知，在过去的五年时间里，这家位于威斯康星州的广告代理公司通过ShineShares项目和公司员工分享了五十万美元的利润；据此可知，ShineShares项目的目的在于和员工分享利润，故C项正确。2A考查推理判断。根据第四段第一句的“Its family first”和最后一句“A new staff position was created for the purpose of making sure every employee is able to balance working and cheering at their kids sporting events or going fishing”可知，该公司创立了新的职位，目的是保证每个员工能平衡工作和在孩子的运动会中加油或钓鱼的安排；据此可以判断，该公司鼓励员工陪伴家人，故A项正确。3B考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句“The key for workers at this midsize public relations firm in Denver is that employees work anytime, anywhere”可知，在该中等规模的公关公司工作的重点是员工可以在任何时间任何地点工作；据此可知，GroundFloor Media公司允许员工有弹性的工作时间，故B项正确。44B考查推理判断。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了四个通过自己的政策为员工谋幸福的公司：Shine United公司与员工分享利润，为员工提供零食；GroundFloor Media公司允许员工有弹性的工作时间；Ergodyne公司允许员工任意穿着以创造轻松安全的工作环境；Southwest Michigan First公司鼓励员工陪伴家人。故B项正确。根据第一段可知，Shine United通过ShineShares项目与员工分享利润，文中没有提及其他公司有关经济支持的信息，故A项错误；根据第三段可知，Ergodyne公司允许员工任意穿着以创造轻松安全的工作环境，故C项错误；D项文中没有提及。.阅读理解AIBM and Local Motors introduced a new self-driving electric vehicle called “Olli” in National Harbour,Maryland.The carreally,a small busis capable of transporting 12 people at once.It uses IBMs “Watson” system,pulling vast amounts of data on its surroundings from a variety of sources.For example,if you use the car enough it could eventually figure out your general path to work every morning.If youre running late one day or Watson uses weather data to figure out that its about to rain,or that traffic will get worseOlli might tell you theres no time for coffee.Ask it when youll arrive at your destination and it can answer.The vehicle will be available to the public in National Harbor at “select times” this summer.Later this year,it will be used in Floridas Miami-Dade County and Las Vegas.Much has been said about Googles driverless car prototype(模型)but Jay Rogers,CEO of Local Motors,a small experimental car maker,says theres a problem with the Googles business model.“Google doesnt make cars,”he explained.While thats not strictly truethe pany does have its own self-driving car prototypeGoogle is working with traditional automakers like Fiat Chrysler to get its vehicles on public roads.But driverless cars arent legal in every state.“A pany like Fiat Chrysler wont put out vehicles they cant sell everywhere,”Rogers said.Rogers believes Local Motors is nimble enough to be an industry leader.The pany designed Olli in 2015 and officially approved the project in March,2016.Three months later,with IBM,they have a working vehicle in Maryland.Were a long way away from having Olli everywhere,of course,but Rogers says Local Motors major problem is legislation,not technology.Theyre already equipped to produce and deliver the cars wherever theres demandthough its a small pany,so dont expect too many of them.1.Whats Ollis major feature?A.It is an electric vehicle.B.It doesnt need a driver.C.It can take 12 people at once.D.It can municate with passengers.2.What does Rogers think of Googles driverless cars?A.They will be Ollis strong petitors.B.They cant be driven on public roads.C.They have a big technical problem.D.They wont be mass-produced.3.What does the underlined word “nimble” in the text mean?A.Able to adapt easily.B.Able to act quickly.C.Fully developed.D.Highly creative.4.Why will Olli not appear in great numbers?A.Because it is still in the testing stage.B.Because many people cant afford to buy it.C.Because Local Motors has low productivity.D.Because driverless cars are not legal in America.B(2016武汉武昌调研)Brooke Martins golden retriever(金毛猎犬)Kayla hated being left alone or separated.She would howl,pace,and chew on things.Brooke learned that other people had the same problem with their pets.She wondered:“What if you could talk to your dog if you were gone?”Working with her father in their garage,the 16-year-old came up with several ideas.Finally,she invented a device that allowed pet owners to video chat with their pets!She calls the device iCPooch.“The dog doesnt have to answer the call,”explains Brooke.“It es up immediately on the screen on its end.Its a two-way audio and videoyou can see and hear each other.”With a click of a button you can even send the dog a treat!Her invention has earned her a spot peting against nine other finalists in a young scientist petition for middle-school students.These finalists,selected based on their short video presentations,are working with mentors over the summer before heading to the final petition in St.Paul,Minn.After Martins video put her among the 10 finalists in the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge,she was paired with Delony Langer-Anderson,a product develop ment scientist in 3Ms consumer health care division.“I just lead her down the product development path,”Langer-Anderson told LiveScience.This path includes guidance on how to test the potential product,which bines a video chat device that answers immediately on the dogs end with a dog treat device the owner can remotely activate.“One thing I have thought about a lot is,what happens if while the device is on the floor,what if your dog knocks it over,or scratches the screen?”Martin said.She and Langer-Anderson discussed this,and Martin is now testing materials at a local dog shelter by taping them to the dog house floor to see how well they withstand sharp teeth and claws.The finalists create models they can test,with the guidance from a mentor.Their projects include a fuel cell that transforms cut grass into electricity and an app that rewards drivers for not texting or calling.Langer-Anderson tries to help the students work through the scientific method,testing their hypothesis,in a determined way.“So the kids dont get buried in data,”she said.5.Which of the following would be the best title of the text?A.“iCPooch” wins in a young scientist petitionB.A 16-year-old girl invents a device for dogs hungerC.A man-made device lets people chat with their petsD.A kid-invented device calms dogs separation anxiety6.“iCPooch” calms pet dogs by .A.allowing video chatB.making dogs sleepC. answering the callD.giving them food7.What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “mentors”?A.petitors.B.Assistants.C.Instructors.D.panions.8.What do the inventions of the finalists have in mon?A.They are all new inventions dealing with pets.B.They are possible solutions to everyday problems.C.They cope with the problems related to puters.D.They are all acplished through individual work.The Amazon basin region is home to about 2.5 million insect species，tens of thousands of plants，and some 2 000 birds and mammals.To date，at least 40 000 plant species,3 000 fish,1 294 birds,427 mammals,428 amphibians，and 378 reptiles have been scientifically classified in the region.One in five of all the birds in the world live in the rainforests of the Amazon.The warm wet forests have been in existence for 55 million years，and thrived even during glacial periods，allowing for the evolution of an unbelievable diversity of species.Radiocarbon dating(放射性碳年代测定)has revealed trees of 10 centimeter diameter to be more than 300 years old，and some trees over 1 000 years old，indicating that untouched forests can experience unbelievable longevity.The first human inhabitants are thought to have settled in the Amazon region about 11 200 years ago.European explorers arrived in the 16th century，bringing diseases which traveled faster than the explorers themselves，killing perhaps as many as 90% of the indigenous inhabitants(土著居民)By the late 17th century the Amazon basin was controlled by Portuguese and Spanish explorers.The Amazon rainforest has been described as the lungs of our planet because of its important role in recycling carbon dioxide into oxygen.But due to deforestation(采伐森林)，rainforests now cover less than 5% of the Earths land surface，and experts believe that this is a big contributor to global climate change.Severe deforestation began in the 20th century，with 587 000 square kilometers lost up to the year 2000.Most deforested land is used for grassland to raise farm animals and agriculture.The addition of transport routes has led to increased settlement and deforestation，and at the present rate，scientists estimate that the Amazon rainforest will be reduced by 40% in two decades.1Why are the figures mentioned in Paragraph 1?ATo prove the forest untouched.BTo classify species scientifically.CTo show the diversity of species.DTo attract more attention to Amazon.2Why did most indigenous inhabitants in the Amazon region die?AEuropean explorers brought diseases there.BPortuguese explorers treated them badly.CA lot of trees were cut down and burned.DThey got killed by Spanish explorers.3What can be inferred about the Amazon rainforest?AIt has the largest number of species.BIt covers over 5% of South America.CIt is being larger in area.DIt is being endangered now.4What may be included in the following paragraph?AExamples of destroying forests.BMeasures to protect rainforests.CNew settlements in Amazon.DWays to stop global warming.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了亚马逊热带雨林正面临消失的危险。1C目的意图题。通读全文可知，第一段提到昆虫、植物和动物等物种的数量，是为了表明亚马逊热带雨林物种的多样性。故答案选C。2A细节理解题。European explorers arrived in the 16th century, bringing diseases which traveled faster than the explorers themselves，killing perhaps as many as 90% of the indigenous inhabitants(土著居民)(第三段第二句)译文：十六世纪，欧洲探险家来到这里，带来了疾病，这些疾病的传播速度比探险家前行的脚步还要快，大约使多达90%的土著居民死亡。根据关键句可知，欧洲探险家把疾病带到亚马逊地区，导致大多数土著居民死亡。故答案选A。3D推理判断题。The addition of transport routes has led to increased settlement and deforestation，and at the present rate，scientists estimate that the Amazon rain forest will be reduced by 40% in two decades.(最后一段最后一句)译文：运输路线的增加导致了定居点和滥伐森林的增加，根据目前的速度，科学家估计亚马逊热带雨林在二十年内将减少40%。根据关键句可推知，亚马逊热带雨林正面临消失的危险。故答案选D。4B推理判断题。最后一段主要介绍了由于滥伐森林，亚马逊热带雨林覆盖率在下降，正面临消失的危险；由此可推知，文章接下来应是针对这种情况介绍如何保护亚马逊热带雨林。故答案选B。亮点句积累：The addition of transport routes has led to increased settlement and deforestation，and at the present rate，scientists estimate that the Amazon rain forest will be reduced by 40% in two decades.(最后一段最后一句)译文：运输路线的增加导致了定居点和滥伐森林的增加，根据目前的速度，科学家估计亚马逊热带雨林在二十年内将减少40%。.七选五阅读(2016重庆第二次诊断)How to Get on a Reality TV ShowThink carefully before you leap!Being on a reality TV show is about being exposed.And that exposure is to everyone,including your family,friends,neighbors,and your former school teachers.Is this something you can handle?1 If youre not worried about this,then youre ready!On the other hand,if you value your privacy and reputation intensely,reality TV stardom may not be for you.Give it up before things get difficult if thats the case!2For a brand-new show,read whatever is already available in the media about the shows intended themes,content,time slot,and audience.3 This is probably easier if youve watched it without fail since it began.Be practical.When you assess your suitability to go any further,some of the things that you should keep in mind include being realistic.It makes little sense to apply to be in a weight loss show when youre already at an ideal weight.4 If youre applying for a show wanting people with a business background or a college education and you dont have one,again,it may not be worth your while.Know why you want to do this.The shows producers will want a strong,well-founded response.5 Telling them “I want to be famous”rarely distinguishes you from every other person wanting the same.Be confident in what you believe you can contribute to the show while focusing on your hoped-for oute.A.Can you actually sing,dance,act,etc.,as required?B.Learn all that you can about the show before applying.C.Do you mind if people who used to know you talk about you?D.Nor is it wise to try modeling when your height isnt what theyre looking for.E.Do you have to eat things that are simply awful and that youd never think of eating in a million years?F.Give an answer that shows your strengths,your interesting points,and a desire to be a good role model.G.For an existing show,it makes good sense to be up-to-date about the entire show from its previous seasons.短文改错I once took part in a speech contest.Such difficult was the topic that I pletely had no idea about it.Even a time for preparation was so limited.I felt hopeful and wanted to give up.And deep in my heart I didnt want to be a failure.So I recovered my courage and take the contest seriously.I kept remind myself,“If I try my best,I wont feel regretful,whichever the result is.”In the following days I struggled my goal.At the end,all my efforts paid off.I won first prize,which was much better than what I had expected it.考点规范练(选修8Unit 3).【解题导语】本文是说明文。电动汽车Olli不仅可以无人驾驶,还可以与乘客互动,回答乘客的各种问题。1.D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It uses IBMs Watson system,pulling vast amounts of data on its surroundings from a variety of sources.”及第二段内容可知,通过IBM的认知系统Watson,Olli可以与乘客互动。2.D推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“But driverless cars arent legal in every state.A pany like Fiat Chrysler wont put out vehicles they cant sell everywhere,.”可知,由于无人驾驶汽车不是在每个州都合法,因此与谷歌合作的汽车厂商不会大规模生产无人驾驶汽车。3.B词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的“The pany designed Olli in 2015 and officially approved the project in March,2016.Three months later,with IBM,they have a working vehicle in Maryland.”可知,Local Motors从设计Olli到上路只用了一年多的时间,由此看出,Local Motors“动作迅速”,堪为行业领头羊。4.C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“.its a small pany,so dont expect too many of them.”可知,由于Local Motors是家小公司,生产能力有限,因此不会有大批量的Olli上市。【解题导语】本文介绍了一位16岁的中学生发明了一种远程照顾宠物狗的设备,并因此进入探索教育3M青年科学家挑战赛的前十名。5.D主旨大意题。本文主要讲了一位16岁的中学生发明了一种设备,这种设备能让狗和主人视频,让狗在主人离开时不感到焦虑,故选D项。6.A细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“.a device that allowed pet owners to video chat with their pets!”可知,iCPooch通过让狗主人和狗视频聊天,从而让狗安静下来。故选A项。7.C词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“These finalists.are working with mentors over the summer.”可知,这次青年科学家挑战赛的决赛选手已经和指导者一起工作了一个夏天,画线词应表示“指导者”,故选C项。最后一段的with the guidance from a mentor也是提示。8.B细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的第二句“Their projects include a fuel cell.and an app that rewards drivers for not texting or calling.”可知,这些决赛选手的发明可能帮助解决日常生活中的问题,故选B项。.【解题导语】本文为说明文。文章向我们介绍了如何上电视真人秀节目。比如说,上节目之前要认真考虑,了解你会被提问的问题及你的答案等。1.C本段讨论的话题是你一旦上了电视真人秀节目,认识你的人会议论你,因此在上节目前你要认真考虑。故选C项。空后一句中的this指代空处所在句的内容。2.B本题是选择段落主题句。由上下文中段落主题句的结构可知,空处需要一个简洁的祈使句。再结合本段内容可知答案为B项。3.G由空后一句中的“.if youve watched it without fail since it began.”可知,此处谈论的是一个已经播出过的节目,而不是一个全新的节目。故选G项。4.D本段谈论的主题是要现实一点,选择恰当的节目。本段中所举的例子均是围绕这一话题的。故选D项。5.F由空后的“Telling them I want to be famous.”及空前的“The shows producers will.response.”可知,此处谈论的是你在申请参加节目时会被问到的问题和你的回答。.I once took part in a speech contest.SuchSo difficult was the topic that I pletely had no idea about it.Even athe time for preparation was so limited.I felt hopefulhopeless and wanted to give up.AndBut deep in my heart I didnt want to be a failure.So I recovered my courage and taketook the contest seriously.I kept remindreminding myself,“If I try my best,I wont feel regretful,whicheverwhatever the result is.”In the following days I struggled my goal.AtIn the end,all my efforts paid off.I won first prize,which was much better than what I had expected it.
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