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2019牛津译林高考英语一轮基础选习题：模块5U1一、阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。Before I studied psychology，I used to think that people would laugh when funny things occurred.While I was right about that，I discovered there are lots of other psychological factors that make people laugh other than the funny part of a joke.When someone laughs at a joke，there will usually be more than one reason that makes him laughand the more reasons there are，the more powerful the joke will be.I was attending a standup edy show in Egypt，and when the man started to make fun of pedestrians crossing streets，everyone laughed their heads off.The main reason why those people strongly laughed was that almost all of them felt angry towards pedestrians who crossed streets carelessly.The joke wasnt only funny，but it also made the audience feel that they were right about being angry at those pedestrians.That is，people were laughing both because of the funny joke and because of the happiness experienced as a result of the psychological support they got.The better a joke makes a person feel，and the more it includes other psychological factors，the more the person will like it.For example，if you envy one of your friends，and someone tells a joke that is funny and，at the same time，makes your friend seem stupid，then you will probably laugh at it louder than if you werent jealous of him.In short，we dont laugh only when we hear something funny；we also laugh when we experience some kind of happiness that results from the other psychological factors involved in the joke.I strongly discourage you from making fun of anyone or belittling someone to make someone else laugh.All I want to explain is that if your joke supports a persons emotions，he will certainly like it a lot.1What did the author find out after studying psychology?AOnly good jokes make people laugh.BMany factors lead to peoples laughing.CFunny things can make people laugh.DLaughter can make people healthy.2Why did the audience laugh loud at the pedestrians?AThey played a trick on the pedestrians.BThe pedestrians behaved in a funny way.CThey could feel the pedestrians happiness.DTheir emotion was approved of by the show.3What does the underlined word“belittling” probably mean?AAnnoy.BBlame.CLook down on. DMake up to.4Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?【解题导语】本文主要分析了人们笑的原因。【难句分析】For example，if you envy one of your friends，and someone tells a joke that is funny and，at the same time，makes your friend seem stupid，then you will probably laugh at it louder than if you werent jealous of him.分析：本句是一个复合句。第一个if引导条件状语从句；that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词a joke；第二个if引导虚拟条件句。译文：譬如，如果你妒忌你的一个朋友，有人讲了一个有趣同时让你朋友看起来傻乎乎的笑话，那么你有可能比你不妒忌他时笑得更大声。1B考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句“While I was right about that，I discovered there are lots of other psychological factors that make people laugh other than the funny part of a joke”可知，作者在学了心理学之后发现，笑不仅仅是因为事情好笑，还有很多其他的心理因素的促成和影响，故选B。2D考查推理判断。根据第二段最后一句“That is，people were laughing both because of the funny joke and because of the happiness experienced as a result of the psychological support they got”可推知，人们对行人的行为大笑的原因是他们在心理上产生了共鸣，故选D。3C考查词义猜测。根据最后一段倒数第二句“I strongly discourage you from making fun of anyone or belittling someone to make someone else laugh”可推知，动词belittle和短语make fun of是近义词，结合选项可知，应选C。annoy“使恼怒”；blame“责怪”；look down on“蔑视，瞧不起”； make up to“接近、奉承、补足”。4B考查推理判断。结合全文可知，第一段导入话题；第二、三段通过具体事例进行分析；根据文章最后一段的开头“In short”可知，最后一段属于总结；由此可知，本文属于总分总的结构，符合本文结构的图表是B选项。二、单项选择1.Surely the most _ thing would be not to believe these ridiculous lies.A. abstract B. diverse C. sensible D. sensitive【答案】C【解析】abstract 抽象的；diverse 多种多样的；sensible 明智的，通情达理的；sensitive 敏感的。句意：最明智的办法无疑是不要相信这些无稽的谎言。2.Now that the banks are back on their feet, we expect extraordinary _ from them to help rebuild the economy.A. mitment B. appointment C. instrument D. requirement【答案】A【解析】 mitment 承诺， 许诺； appointment 任命，约会，职务，职位；instrument 仪器，乐器；requirement要求。句意：现在，银行业恢复了往日的神采，我们希望银行能够做出重大承诺来帮助重振国家的经济。3.He will be generous and merciful to his opponents, as well as to those who are weaker than himself.A. ambitious B. cautious C. merciful D. punctual【答案】B【解析】ambitious 有野心的；cautious 谨慎的；merciful 仁慈的；punctual 守时的。句意：对待弱小者，他宽厚大方、仁慈善良，即便对他的对手也是如此。4._ the terrorist attack that happened in the city on March 1, the spokesman said that all suspects responsible for it would be severely punished.A. In harmony with B. In connection with C. In addition to D. In regard to【答案】D【解析】句意：关于 3 月 1 日发生在该市的恐怖袭击，这位发言人说所有对这个罪行负责的嫌疑犯都会受到严厉的惩罚。 根据句意可知， 用 in regard to“关于”。in harmony with 与和谐； in connection with 和有关(相关)；in addition to 除以外(还)。5.You can rely on _ she will e to your help. She is honest and kind-hearted.A. it that B. it C. that D. that it【答案】A【解析】句型：rely on it that.指望。句意：你可以指望他来帮助你。她诚实心地善良。6.I dont suppose they will e if it rains, _?A. do I B. doesnt it C. will it D. will they【答案】D【解析】否定的转移，反义疑问句跟宾语从句中的谓语一致。句意：我认为如果下雨他们是不会来的, 是吗？7._ can help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by the science fiction.A. Nobody B. Anybody C. Somebody D. Everybody【答案】A【解析】Nobody can help but do sth.=cant help but do sth.=cant help doing sth.，意为“忍不住做某事，情不自禁做某事”。句意：没有人能够忍住不为科幻小说带给我们的科幻世界着迷。8.In order to lose weight, the young lady prefers _ regularly rather than _ expensive weight-losing pills.A. to work out, to take B. working out, taking C. to work out, take D. to working out, taking【答案】C【解析】句型：prefer to do A rather than do B。句意：为了减肥，年轻女性更倾向于规律性地做运动而不是去吃昂贵的减肥药。hang out 闲逛；9.We would rather our daughter _ at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not achild any longer.A. would stay B. has stayed C. stayed D. stay【答案】C【解析】would rather 后面的从句要使用虚拟语气，如果从句表示与现在将来相反，所以使用一般过去时，如果与过去相反，要使用过去完成时。句意：我们宁愿我们的女儿待在家里，但是这是她的选择，她已经不再是孩子了。根据句意可知是与现在事实相反，所以使用一般过去时。10.What made your skin look so terrible?_ to the sunlight for a long time.A. Because it was exposed B. After being exposedC. Being exposed D. Exposed【答案】C【解析】句意：什么使你的皮肤看起来如此糟糕呢？可知是对主语进行提问。答语为：长时间暴露于阳光下使我的皮肤看起来如此糟糕。be exposed to 暴露于，所以用动名词做主语，省略了重复的部分。11.Did you turn off the lights before you left the puter room?Oh, I forget _ them off. Ill go to do it.A. having been turned B. to turn C. to have turned D. turning【答案】B【解析】forget to do sth.“忘记要做某事”；forget doing sth.“忘记做过某事”。根据答语可知，没有做关灯这个动作，故应该用不定式，排除 B、D；A 项是完成式的被动式，这儿“turn”还没有发生，更不是被动。故选 B。注意 forget turning=forget to have turned。句意： “你离开电脑室前关灯了吗？”“噢，我忘记关了。我现在就去关。 ”12.Its quite hot today. Do you feel like _ for a swim?A. to go B. going C go D. having gone【答案】B【解析】feel like doing sth.想要做某事。动词短语 feel like 后面只能接动名词做宾语。句意：今天很热，你想要去游泳吗？D 项表示的是已经完成的动作。13.Young people may risk _ deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone【答案】C【解析】risk doing sth.意为“冒险做某事” 。句意：年轻人如果每天都置身于非常吵闹的音乐声中，他们的耳朵可能有失聪的危险。14.After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on _ all the people who had helped in her career.A. to thank B. thanking C. having thanked D. to have thanked【答案】A【解析】go on to do 接着做不同的事情。句意：在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角奖后，安妮本尼迪克特接着感谢在她演艺生涯中所有帮助过她的人。15.What is the best way you can imagine _ the overuse of water in our school?A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce【答案】B【解析】you can imagine 是定语从句，way to do 做某事的方法。句意：你能想象出的最好的、解决我校过度用水的办法是什么？三、完形填空。The murmur of the audience had just faded into silence.This was one of the most _1_ days in fiveyearold Patricia McKees life：the Kernot School Concert.She stood _2_ the curtain with her schoolmates.Yet she was not _3_ because everyone had been practicing for weeks and knew their _4_ by heart.Being in a remote country town，Patricia knew that everyone would _5_ for the big occasioneveryone！Yet，it was this awareness that added a sense of _6_ to her excitement.There were two people who couldnt be in that _7_ that nighther mum and dad.Patricias parents _8_ the local general store，which was _9_ for business 24 hours.So it was simply _10_ that Mum and Dad could never attend munity activities.It had been this way with her sister，so why should it be any _11_ for her?Still，Patricia couldnt help _12_ that her parents could be there to see her on such a special day，so she decided to _13_ the subject with her mother._14_，she had to face the facts.At such a young age，Patricia couldnt really understand the deep _15_ in her mothers response：“Ill try to be there，sweetheart，but you know how _16_ it is for us to get away from the store.”Yet as the curtain slowly opened, little Patricia got the _17_ of her life.There，sitting four rows the front was her mother with a big smile on her face!This powerful image _18_ one of Patricias most treasured memories.“Words cannot express the pure joy we both _19_ at that moment，” said Patricia.Her parents have passed away, but what a wonderful legacy(遗产) theyve left us：when someone really _20_ you，be there for them.1A.difficultBimportantCsad Dperfect2A.before BunderCbeside Dbehind3A.excited BmovedCafraid Dlost4A.parts BrelationsCjobs Dforms5A.join up BprepareCdrop in Dturn out6A.happiness BsadnessCwillingness Deagerness7A.audience BstoreCplay Dmovie8A.bought BgotCsold Dran9A.easy BopenCstill Dclosed10A.recognized BdeniedCaccepted Dincredible11A.different BsatisfiedCpersonal Dwise12A.thinking BtalkingClearning Dwishing13A.hand in Bgo throughCbring up Dput away14A.Surprisingly BHappilyCObviously DSadly15A.pain BmeaningCunderstanding Dthought16A.awful BhardCtroublesome Dthankful17A.blow BwonderCperson Dsurprise18A.remained BleftCtook Daffected19A.wanted BexperiencedCmade Dforgot20A.hates BlovesCcares Dneeds【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。父母因忙于看店无法去看Patricia McKee的演出，所以当Patricia突然看到母亲出现在演出现场时，她非常惊讶。这一刻成了她一生的回忆。文章通过这件事告诉我们：当别人需要你时，请陪在他们身边。1B考查形容词辨析。根据第二段中的“the big occasion”以及常识可知，对于五岁的Patricia来说，那天是一个重要的日子。B项意为“重要的”，符合语境。A项意为“困难的”；C项意为“悲伤的”；D项意为“完美的”，均与语境不符。故选B。2D考查介词辨析。根据常识及第五段第一句“Yet as the curtain slowly opened”可知，出场前Patricia和她的同学站在幕布的后面。D项意为“在的后面”，符合语境。A项意为“在面前”；B项意为“在下面”；C项意为“在旁边”，均与语境不符。故选D。3C考查形容词辨析。根据空格后的“because everyone had been practicing for weeks”可知，所有人都排练了几个星期，所以她不害怕。C项意为“害怕的”，符合语境。A项意为“兴奋的”；B项意为“感动的”；D项意为“迷惘的，困惑的”，均与语境不符。故选C。4A考查名词辨析。根据本句中的“everyone had been practicing for weeks”可知，排练了几个星期，每个人都记熟了自己的台词和动作。A项意为“角色，台词和动作”，符合语境。B项意为“关系”；C项意为“工作”；D项意为“形式”，均与语境不符。故选A。5D考查动词(短语)辨析。根据语境可知，所有人都会出席这个盛大的活动。D项意为“出席，参加”，符合语境。A项意为“连接，联合起来”；B项意为“准备”；C项意为“落进，顺便拜访”，均与语境不符。故选D。6B考查名词辨析。根据下一句内容可知，因为父母不能来观看演出，所以Patricia在兴奋的同时又有些难过。B项意为“悲伤，难过”，符合语境。A项意为“幸福”；C项意为“乐意”；D项意为“渴望”，均与语境不符。故选B。7A考查名词辨析。根据下一段内容可知，此处指Patricia的父母亲不能在现场当她的观众。A项意为“观众，听众”，符合语境。故选A。8D考查动词辨析。根据空格后面的宾语“the local general store”可知，此处指Patricia的父母在当地经营一家杂货店。D项意为“经营，参加，跑”，符合语境。故选D。9B考查形容词辨析。根据空格后面的“for business 24 hours”可知，这个杂货店24小时营业。B项意为“开放的，营业的”，符合语境。故选B。10C考查词义辨析。根据上下文可知，她的父母经营一家24小时都营业的商店，所以她的父母从不参加社区活动是可以接受的。C项意为“公认可接受的，被认可的”，符合语境。A项意为“辨认出”；B项意为“否认”；D项意为“极好的，难以置信的”，均与语境不符。故选C。11A考查形容词辨析。根据前一句“It had been this way with her sister”可知，父母也没有参加过姐姐的活动，所以对她不会有所不同。A项意为“不同的”，符合语境。B项意为“满意的”；C项意为“个人的”；D项意为“明智的”，均与语境不符。故选A。12D考查动词辨析。根据本句中的“Still”和“her parents could be there”可知，虽然如此，Patricia还是忍不住希望她的父母亲能来看她演出。D项意为“希望”，符合语境。A项意为“想，认为”；B项意为“谈论”；C项意为“学习”，均与语境不符。故选D。13C考查动词短语辨析。根据上文提到的Patricia希望她的父母能来看她演出和空格后面的宾语“the subject with her mother”可知，此处指Patricia决定向母亲提出这个话题。C项意为“提出”，符合语境。A项意为“上交”；B项意为“经历”；D项意为“把收起来”，均与语境不符。故选C。14D考查副词辨析。根据本句中的“she had to face the facts”以及下文母亲的回答可知，她的母亲并不确定能不能参加，所以很遗憾她只能接受这个事实。D项意为“不幸地，说来遗憾”，符合语境。A项意为“惊讶地”；B项意为“高兴地”；C项意为“明显地”，均与语境不符。故选D。15A考查名词辨析。根据常识以及后来母亲出现在观众席里可知，母亲想参加女儿的活动却抽不出时间，她也很痛苦，但五岁的Patricia并不理解这种痛苦。A项意为“痛苦”，符合语境。B项意为“意思”；C项意为“理解”；D项意为“想法”，均与语境不符。故选A。16B考查形容词辨析。根据上文提及的24小时营业商店可知，她的父母亲离开商店是一件很困难的事情。B项意为“困难的”，符合语境。A项意为“可怕的”；C项意为“麻烦的”；D项意为“感激的”，均与语境不符。故选B。17D考查名词辨析。根据上文母亲的回答可知，母亲观看Patricia的演出的可能性不大，所以当Patricia看到台下的母亲时，那真的是她人生中的惊喜。D项意为“惊喜，意想不到的事”，符合语境。A项意为“打击”；B项意为“奇迹”；C项意为“人”，均与语境不符。故选D。18A考查动词辨析。根据上文可知，母亲的出现对Patricia来说是一个很大的惊喜，所以这一幕成为Patricia最珍贵的记忆之一。A项意为“继续，依然”，符合语境。B项意为“离开”；C项意为“拿走”；D项意为“影响”，均与语境不符。故选A。19B考查动词辨析。“we both _ at that moment”是省略了关系代词that或which的定语从句，先行词the pure joy在从句中作空格处所填词的宾语。句意为Patricia说：“没有言语能表达出我们在那一刻所体会到的那种纯粹的快乐。”B项意为“体会，感受”，符合语境。A项意为“想要”；C项意为“使得，制造”；D项意为“忘记”，均与语境不符。故选B。20D考查动词辨析。通读全文可知，文章通过 Patricia的经历告诉我们：当别人真正需要你时，要陪伴在他们的身边。D项意为“需要”，符合语境。A项意为“憎恨”；B项意为“爱”；C项意为“在乎”，均与语境不符。故选D。四、七选五。Ways to Stop Doubting YourselfWhat if I dont pass this test? Are my friends just hanging out with me because they feel bad for me? 1._ Stop! The selfdoubt stops right here. Here are some ways to beat negative selftalk and start believing in yourself.Be Aware.The first step towards overing anything is to bee aware of it. By being aware that we are doubting ourselves, we can sooner confirm it and put a stop to it. As we realize our selfdoubt, we will get quicker at confirming and stopping it. See? 2._ Take a Break.Sometimes it is our mind that goes against us. Whenever you find yourself having doubts, take a break. 3._ Ask yourself what made you get into this goal. It will get you to realize why you started it in the first place.4._ Too often we determine how we feel about ourselves according to what other people feel about us. Our selfworth is just dependent upon what we think of ourselves. So we must break free of the chains that tell us our selfworth is recognized by other people.Find Support.5_ Find support through friends and read other inspirational websites. Sometimes we all need to hear something that will get us moving again. We just need to reach out to others who understand us.ATake It Slow.BFree Yourself.CGive yourself time to think.DIts not always easy doing things alone.EThis is already a step in the right direction.FWhat if I never figure out my lifes purpose?GBecause once you give up, no one can help you.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了停止怀疑自己的几种方法。1F解析：空前面是两个问句，后面是“Stop！”，所以本空也需要填一个问句，故选F项。2E解析：由空前的“当我们意识到自我怀疑时，我们可以及时确认并且及时制止。”可知，此处表示这已经是朝着正确方向前进的一步了，所以选E项。3C解析：根据前一句“Whenever you find yourself having doubts，take a break.”即“无论你什么时候发现自己有疑问，休息一下”，可知空处应是“给自己思考的时间”，故选C项。4B解析：本段的最后一句说明应该“解脱自己”，所以选B项。5D解析：根据“Find support through friends and read other inspirational websites.”可知，空处应是“独自做一些事情是不容易的”，所以选D项。
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