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专题02 The Olympic Games 第一节 阅读理解阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。AGolden Gate Bridge Located in San Francisco, the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 to connect the San Francisco Peninsula with Marin County. It was finally thrown open to public in 1937. It cost more than $35 million in the construction. Till the year 1957, the Golden Gate Bridge, at a length of 2,737 meters, was the longest suspension bridge in the world. Brooklyn Bridge The Brooklyn Bridge is located in Brooklyn. It is one of the oldest bridges in the United States, opened in the year 1883. The length of the bridge is 1,825 meters. The bridge has been featured in several Hollywood movies. George Washington Bridge Also known as the Hudson River Bridge, the George Washington Bridge which connects Fort Lee to Manhattan came into use in 1931 after a construction period of almost 4 years. It is a twolevel suspension bridge.Mackinac BridgeThis is the third biggest suspension bridge in the world at a length of 8,038 meters. The architect of this bridge was Dr. David BSteinman who directed the construction of the bridge which started in the year 1954 and opened to the public in 1957. People using this bridge are charged a certain amount of money.Navajo BridgeLocated in Arizona, this bridge crosses the Colorado River and is almost 250 meters long. The construction of this bridge started in the year 1927, ending two years later, costing $390,000. In the 1990s a second bridge was built which was opened to the public in 1995. The first bridge is still used by pedestrians now.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国五座著名的大桥。1What do we know about the Golden Gate Bridge?AIt consists of two bridges.BIt costs the least of the five bridges.CIt is the longest suspension bridge in the world.DIt takes about 4 years to plete the construction.答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 to connect the San Francisco Peninsula with Marin County.It was finally thrown open to public in 1937.”可推知，金门大桥的建筑时间约有四年，故D项正确。2Which of the following bridges was built the earliest?AGolden Gate Bridge.BBrooklyn Bridge.CGeorge Washington Bridge.DNavajo Bridge. 3What will you do if you drive across Mackinac Bridge?AHave to pay some money.BUse the second bridge.CCover nearly 250 meters.DSee the statue of Dr. David BSteinman.答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第四段尾句“People using this bridge are charged a certain amount of money.”可知，使用麦基诺大桥的人会被收取一定量的钱，故A项正确。BFor the growing number of Chinese heading west to work and study, theres plenty they find surprising. Upon arrival in the West, many Chinese find they have to firstly put on the brakes. Li Yifeng, raised in northern China and now based in England, agrees.“The only thing Chinese people would be shocked by in Britain is how long it takes to do things，” he says. “For instance in China if you want to open a bank account, you dont wait, you just do it at the counter.” Outofhours and weekend work is standard in China, but in Britain, the weekend is for family and friends.Jack Chen, who left his homeland 12 years ago and is now a lawyer in Belgium says office politics are simpler in Europe, partly because the hierarchy (等级制度) is less rigid than in China, where the boss really is the boss and social class in the office is very obvious and important. As a result, staff in a Chinese pany think very carefully about how to present their views and ideas. Employees in the West can share their opinions more freely. In China you should have the wisdom to say something in an appropriate way. But in Europe you can just say what you want.The newest Chinese arrivals have a very different view to previous generations, according to Sharon Jin, who moved to the US 20 years ago and is now an American citizen. “Almost 100% of people of my generation who came to the States want to get a green card，” she says. “But today younger Chinese plan to work for 10 years here and then return to China to buy a house or look after their parents.” While a record number of 523,700 students left China to study elsewhere in 2015, roughly 70%80% of students abroad have been returning in recent years because of the attractive job market at home, according to the Chinese Ministry of Education (CME)【文章大意】 以前，中国人去国外都想获得绿卡，而现在他们计划在国外工作十年以后，再回来买房或照顾父母。【难句分析】Jack Chen, who left his homeland 12 years ago and is now a lawyer in Belgium says office politics are simpler in Europe, partly because the hierarchy(等级制度) is less rigid than in China，where the boss really is the boss and social class in the office is very obvious and important.(第二段第一句)分析：本句含有who和where引导的定语从句以及because引导的原因状语从句。译文：十二年前离开了他的祖国现在在比利时是一名律师的Jack Chen说，办公室政治在欧洲比较简单，一部分是因为在那里等级制度没有在中国严格，在中国老板就是老板，在办公室的社会地位是明显且重要的。4What do many Chinese find surprising while in Britain? AThat they drive faster than the drivers in Britain.BThat they can open a bank account at any time. CThat working extra hours in Britain is very mon. DThat working pace in Britain is less fast than at home. 5It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that _. AJack Chen has been a lawyer in Belgium for 12 years Bemployees in the West show less respect for their boss. CChinese employees are cautious when presenting ideas Dpeople in Europe express themselves in a modest way答案与解析：C 考查推理判断。根据第二段的“In China you should have the wisdom to say something in an appropriate way”可知，在中国员工发表意见时要谨慎。6According to CME, most students return to China because _.Aits hard for them to get a green cardBits easy for them to buy a house at homeCthey will have to look after their parentsDthere are more job opportunities in China答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据最后一段的“roughly 70%80% of students abroad have been returning in recent years because of the attractive job market at home”可知，大多数学生选择回国发展是因为国内有更多的就业机会。7How does the writer organize the text?ABy interviewing students abroad.BBy paring the differences.CBy discussing some facts.DBy listing some figures. CIn ancient Egypt，a shopkeeper discovered that he could attract customers to his shop simply by making changes to its environment.Modern businesses have been following his lead，with more tactics (策略)One tactic involves where to display the goods.For example，stores place fruits and vegetables in the first section.They know that customers who buy the healthy food first will feel happy so that they will buy more junk food(垃圾食品) later in their trip.In department stores，the womens shoe section is generally next to the womens cosmetics (化妆品) section：while the shop assistant is going back to find the right size shoe，bored customers are likely to wander over and find some cosmetics they might want to try later.Besides，businesses seek to appeal to customers senses.Stores notice that the smell of baked goods encourages shopping，so they make their own bread each morning and then fan the bread smell into the store throughout the day.Music sells goods，too.Researchers in Britain found that when French music was played，sales of French wines went up.When it es to the selling of houses，businesses also use highly rewarding tactics.They find that customers make decisions in the first few seconds upon walking in the door，and turn it into a business opportunity.A California builder designed the structure of its houses smartly.When entering the house，the customer would see the Pacific Ocean through the windows，and then the pool through an open stairway leading to the lower level.The instant view of water on both levels helped sell these $10 million houses.1Why do stores usually display fruits and vegetables in the first section?ATo save customers time.BTo show they are high quality foods.CTo help sell junk food.DTo sell them at discount prices.2According to Paragraph 3，which of the following encourages customers to buy?AOpening the store early in the morning.BDisplaying British wines next to French ones.CInviting customers to play music.DFilling the store with the smell of fresh bread.3What is the California builders story intended to prove?AThe house structure is a key factor customers consider.BThe more costly the house is，the better it sells.CAn ocean view is much to the customers taste.DA good first impression increases sales.4What is the main purpose of the passage?ATo explain how businesses turn people into their customers.BTo introduce how businesses have grown from the past.CTo report researches on customer behavior.DTo show dishonest business practices.语篇解读：本文为说明文，题材为历史与社会类。在古埃及，有位店主发现只需改变店铺的环境就可以把顾客吸引过来，而现代的商界也追随他的脚步，采用了更多的销售策略。 2解析：事实细节题。第三段主要讲商家通过感官来吸引顾客。他们每天早上会烤好面包，让面包的气味一天都弥漫在店铺里面，以此来刺激顾客的购买欲望。答案：D3解析：推理判断题。最后一段指出，顾客往往在进入房间的最初几秒会做出决定，商人把这变为商机。加利福尼亚的建筑师让顾客第一眼看到的是太平洋和游泳池，这帮他销售了1000万美元的房子，由此证明如果给顾客的第一印象好的话就有助于增加销量。答案：D 第二节 七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Imagine that youre an actor or actress performing in a play for the first time. Youve learned all your lines and you know where to walk on stage. Waiting behind the closed curtain, you can hear the audience whispering. Then your big moment arrives! The curtain goes up, and the crowd falls silent. All you can see is the spotlight shining down on you. _1_ The inside of your mouth is dry, and your hands are wet. If youve experienced a moment like this, you know all too well what it means to have stage fright. Its one of the most mon types of fear. _2_ You can experience this kind of fear when playing sports, giving a talk, or even speaking in class. _3_ The experience differs from person to person, but the same chemical process occurs on each of us. In reaction to anxiety, our bodies produce a chemical that prepares us to either fight or run away quickly. Scientists refer to this as our bodies “fight for fright” reaction. As a result, we feel the great energy that makes our hands sweat, our hearts race and knees shake. _4_ Practicing your performance and following some simple tips can help you calm down and manage the feelings caused by anxiety. Firstly, dress fortably and appropriately. Secondly, before the performance, take deep breaths and stretch to help relax your body. Thirdly, stay away from drinks that contain caffeine (咖啡因). _5_ Instead, try a banana! Some doctors believe that eating a banana can help calm your heart and the rest of your body. Finally, when you look into a crowd, try to focus on particular people rather than the whole group. These tips have helped many people learn to deal with their fears. AThey might make your heart race even faster. BMaybe you dont have to be onstage to get stage fright.CStage fright is really part of the bodys reaction to stress.DWith practice, we can learn how to relax while playing sports.EThen you try to speak your lines, but nothing seems to e out.FTheres a time when stage fright prevents you from stepping onstage.GHowever, the good news about stage fright is that there are ways to deal with it.【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了人们经常会经历的舞台恐惧及应对舞台恐惧的几种方法。1答案与解析：E上文提到了站在舞台上的所听所见，下文提到了舞台恐惧的表现，所以中间连接句也应是在舞台上的表现，所以选E项。2答案与解析：B下文提到在参加体育运动、演讲甚至在课堂上发言都可能会经历这种恐惧，所以空处应讲的是有时这种恐惧不一定只出现在舞台上，所以选B项。3答案与解析：C本段讲的是舞台恐惧产生的过程及身体对压力的反应，所以空处应该解释舞台恐惧与身体反应的联系，所以选C项。 第三节 完形填空阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从120题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。As a general rule，all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine(常规)basis.As a matter of fact，we can see this _1_ at work in people of all _2_.For example，on Christmas morning，children are excited about _3_ with their new toys.But their _4_ soon wears off and by January those _5_ toys can be found put away in the basement.The world is full of _6_ stamp albums and unfinished models，each standing as a monument to someones _7_ interest.When parents bring home a pet，their child _8_ bathes it and brushes its fur.Within a short time, however，the _9_ of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents.Adolescents enter high school with great _10_ but are soon looking forward to _11_.The same is true of the young adults going to college.And then，how many _12_，who now plain(抱怨) about the long drives to work, _13_ drove for hours at a time when they first _14_ their drivers licenses(执照)Before people retire，they usually _15_ to do a lot of _16_ things，which they never had _17_ to do while working.But _18_ after retirement，the golfing，the fishing，the reading and all of the other pastimes bee as boring as the jobs they _19_.And，like the child in January, they go searching for new _20_.1A.principle Bhabit Cway Dpower2A.parties Braces Ccountries Dages3A.working BlivingCplaying Dgoing4A.confidence Binterest Canxiety Dsorrow5A.same BextraCfunny Dexpensive6A.wellorganized BcolorfullyprintedCnewlycollected Dhalffilled7A.broad Bpassing Cdifferent Dmain8A.silently Bimpatiently Cgladly Dworriedly9A.promise Bburden Cright Dgame10A.courage Bcalmness Cconfusion Dexcitement11A.graduation BindependenceCresponsibility Dsuccess12A.children Bstudents Cadults Dretirees13A.carefully Beagerly Cnervously Dbravely14A.required BobtainedCnoticed Ddiscovered15A.need B learn Cstart Dplan16A.great BstrangeCdifficult Dcorrect17A.time Bmoney Cskills Dknowledge18A.only BwellCeven Dsoon19A.lost Bchose Cleft Dquit20A.pets BtoysCfriends Dcolleagues语篇解读：本文体裁为议论文，题材为社会生活类。文章主要讲述了各种活动一旦成为我们日常生活的一部分，无论哪个年龄阶段的人都会感到无聊。1解析：由上文的“As a general rule”可知，A：原理，原则；B：习惯；C：方式，方法；D：能力，权力。答案：A2解析：根据下文列举的例子可推断出，这一法则适用于各个年龄阶段的人。答案：D3解析：根据常识可知选C。play with“随便玩耍”。答案：C4解析：原词复现。下文有interest。答案：B5解析：此处选A以强调“同样的玩具”，表达“兴趣会发生变化”的文章主旨。答案：A 8解析：由表示转折的however和“handed over to the parents”可知，首次见到宠物的心情是高兴的。答案：C9解析：然而，不久照料动物的责任就交给父母了。A：诺言；C：权利；D：游戏，比赛，均不符合句意。答案：B10解析：逻辑推理。由but可知，but前后句意是相反的。句意：青少年刚进入中学的时候很兴奋，但很快就盼着毕业了。答案：D11解析：见第10题解析。A：毕业；B：独立，自立；C：责任，职责；D：成功。答案：A12解析：根据下文驾驶汽车可判断空格处指的是具有驾驶资格的成年人。答案：C13解析：根据上文很多成年人现在抱怨开很长时间的车上班的事实，可推断他们刚拿到驾照时渴望连续几个小时驾车，eagerly“渴望地”。答案：B14解析：obtain a drivers license“获得驾照”。答案：B 答案：A17解析：根据常识可推出，计划退休后做的事，这些事当然是工作时没有时间做的。答案：A18解析：根据上文的“soon”“within a short time”等可知选D。答案：D19解析：这些想做的事就像他们离开的工作一样变得索然无味了。they left是定语从句，修饰限定the jobs。答案：C20解析：句意：这些退休的老人和1月里的孩子一样失去了以前的兴趣，去寻找新的玩具了。这里选toy比喻兴趣。其他选项不符合语境。答案：B 第四节 语法填空The IMA Blood Bank _1_ (set) up in 1995 with a goal that no needy patient should ever die due to lack _2_ blood in Dehradun and its surrounding areas.Deeply _3_ (move) by the pain and suffering of a child who was being taken to Delhi with a bleeding leg wrapped in plastic, _4_ (simple) because there was no blood bank in Dehradun, Dr. Dipak started a movement to create a blood bank by engaging (联合) with the local munity. _5_ began as a small activity has taken the shape of an inspiring institution of international standards. Due to the huge voluntary support from the local people, the blood bank has enough blood to function round _6_ clock to serve the local patients. _7_ (help) more people in India, the IMA Blood Bank has also developed a team to educate the public about blood donation. They are trying to make people understand that donating blood is one of the highest _8_ (form) of charity. It can be donated by almost any adult who is _9_ (health), It is safe to donate every three to six months because blood is recovered very quickly in the body. Meanwhile, the media plays a major role in _10_ (create) a higher level of awareness about blood donation. This will encourage more and more people to donate blood voluntarily.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了IMA血库建立的目的以及运转情况。【长难句分析】The IMA Blood Bank was set up in 1995 with a goal that no needy patient should ever die due to lack of blood in Dehradun and its surrounding areas.(第一段)分析：that引导同位语从句，解释说明“goal”的具体内容。译文：IMA血库成立于1995年，其目标是在Dehradun及其周围地区不会有贫困的人因为缺血而死亡。1答案与解析：was set考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，动词set与主语“The IMA Blood Bank”之间是被动关系；又因为时间状语是“in 1995”，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故用was set。2答案与解析：of考查介词。此处是介词用于固定短语中，lack of sth.意为“缺少，缺乏”。故用of。3答案与解析：moved考查非谓语动词。根据句型结构分析可知，动词move与句子的主语“Dr.Dipak”之间是被动关系，即Dr. Dipak被深深地感动了，所以用过去分词作状语，表示被动。故用moved。4答案与解析：simply考查词性转换。simple是形容词，意为“简单的”； simply是副词，意为“简单地，仅仅”。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词修饰原因状语从句，意为“仅仅因为”。故用simply。5答案与解析：What考查名词性从句。根据句型结构分析可知，“_ began as a small activity”是一个主语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以用what；又因为是句首，所以要注意首字母大写。故用What。6答案与解析：the考查冠词。此处是定冠词用于固定短语中，round the clock 意为“日夜不停地”。故用the。7答案与解析：To help考查非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式置于句首，表示目的。故用To help。注意首字母大写。8答案与解析：forms考查名词复数。form是可数名词，意为“形式”。因为form前有“one of”修饰，所以要用复数形式。故用forms。9答案与解析：healthy考查词性转换。health是名词，意为“健康”；healthy是形容词，意为“健康的”。be动词后接形容词作表语。故用healthy。10答案与解析：creating考查非谓语动词。create在此处作介词“in”后面的宾语，所以要用动名词的形式。故用creating。第五节 书面表达假定你是李华，计划和同学去敬老院(nursing home)陪老人们过重阳节(the Double Ninth Festival)。请给外教露西写封邮件，邀她一同前往，内容包括：1出发及返回时间；2活动：包饺子、表演节目等。注意：1词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3结语已为你写好。_Looking forward to your reply.Yours，Li Hua答案：Dear Lucy，Id like to invite you to join us for a visit to the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival.It is the day for the elderly in our culture.Well go and make dumplings and cakes with the elderly people there.Well also spend some fun time together singing，dancing and playing games，which we hope will make them happy.We should be back around 4 oclock in the afternoon.If you are able to e with us, please let us know and well wait for you at the school gate at 9 in the morning.Looking_forward_to_your_replyYours， Li_Hua
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