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Unit 3 A healthy life一、阅读理解。If you want to slow aging, you might want to eat less. This finding is good news-if you were a mouse. The researchers studied mice, not people.John Price and other researchers studied two groups of mice. One group was able to eat as much as it wanted. The researchers limited what the mice in the other group ate. Their diet had 35 percent fewer calories than the first group of mice.Price says the mice with the diet restrictions were “more energetic and suffered fewer disease.” They were not just living longer but seemed to stay younger for a longer period of time.The researchers found that fewer calories slow down a natural mechanism in cells called ribosomes. Price explains that ribosomes are responsible for making important proteins in the cells. But with fewer calories, they slow down. This gives the cells more time to repair themselves.The researchers say ribosomes use from 10 to 20 percent of the cells energy to make those proteins. Price wrote that “because of this, it is impractical to destroy an entire ribosome” when it starts to break down. However, “repairing individual parts of the ribosome on a regular basis enables ribosomes to continue producing high quality proteins for longer than they would otherwise. This top quality production, in turn, keeps cells and the entire body functioning well.”Price said, “ribosome is a very plex machine, like a car.” They need “maintenance to replace the parts that wear out the fastest. When tires wear out,” he explained, “you dont throw the whole car away and buy a new one. It costs less to replace the old tires.”“Food,” he said, “isnt just material to be burned-its a signal that tells our body and cells how to respond.” Price said the findings help to explain how exactly our bodies age. And this may “help us make more educated decisions about what we eat.”1.What can we know about the mice with limited calories from the study?A. They can keep healthy easilyB. They need more energy to be activeC. They can look younger than they areD. They will live a longer life like humans2.What will happen to ribosomes if there are fewer calories?A. They will pletely break downB. They make proteins in the cells slowlyC. They will produce high quality proteins moreD. They may need more time to repair themselves3.Price explained the ribosomes role of repairing themselves by _.A. telling a storyB. listing basic dataC. making parisonsD. experimenting on mice4.What does the text mainly deal with?A. Food decides how long you liveB. Can you slow down your aging process?C. Eating less may help you live longerD. Should your diet be reduced for your health?【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。通过研究实验发现：吃的少会使你长寿。1.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中The researchers limited what the mice in the other group ate. Their diet had 35 percent fewer calories than the first group of mice.的提示可知他们能够很容易保持健康，故选A。2.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中The researchers found that fewer calories slow down a natural mechanism in cells called ribosomes.的提示可知它们会在细胞中缓慢地产生蛋白质，故选B。4.C 【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段首句If you want to slow aging, you might want to eat less. This finding is good news的提示可知这片名文章的主旨是吃的少会使你长寿，故选C。 二、单句语法填空1No matter how busy he is, he makes it a rule_ (read) at least 20 minutes a day.答案：to read2We forgave his bad temper because we knew that his sons illness had put him under great_ (stressful)答案：stress3The new survey shows that the number of students _ (addict) to puter games has been on the increase in recent years.答案：addicted4_ spite of what has recently been done to provide more buses for the people，a shortage of public vehicles remains a problem.答案：In5The young couple had meant to travel abroad, but they cancelled the trip due _ the tough budget.答案：to6(江西卷)Ive got _ the habit of calling in on my grandparents on my way home from school.答案：into7The number of people infected with HIV may reach 50 million by 2020 unless _ (effect) measures are taken to prevent the spread of the disease.答案：effective8After decades of effort, the city is still trying to figure out how to ban _ (smoke) in public places.答案：smoking9It will be a long time before you are _ (accustom) to the local food.答案：accustomed10It is only when we cannot see perfectly _ we realize how important our eyes are.答案：that三、完形填空。Falling off a boxcar and landing on my head，I lost my sight when I was four years old. Now I am thirtytwo. I can 1 remember the brightness of sunshine.It would be wonderful to see again， 2 a tragedy can do strange things to people.It 3 to me that I might not have e to love life as I do now if I hadnt been blind.My parents and my teacher saw something 4 me, and they made me want to 5 against blindness.The hardest 6 I had to learn was to believe in myself. If I hadnt been able to do that, I would have 7 down for the rest of my life.When I say 8 in myself I am not talking about 9 the kind of selfconfidence that 10 me down an unfamiliar staircase(楼梯) alone. But I mean something bigger than that: the assurance that I am a real positive person 11 imperfections.It took me years to obtain this 12 . It had to start with the 13 . Once a man gave me an indoor 14 “I cant use this，” I said.“Take it with you，”he 15 me，“and roll it around.” The 16 stuck in my head.“Roll it around！”By rolling the ball I could hear where it went.This gave me an idea how to achieve a goal I had thought 17 At the school for the blind I 18 a new kind of baseball called the“ground ball”All my life I have set a series of goals and then tried to reach them，one at a time.I had to learn my 19 . I would fail sometimes anyway but on the average I made 20 【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了“我”在四岁的时候失去了视力，但通过一件小事，“我”学会了自信，并逐渐取得进步的过程。1A.randomly BabruptlyCroughlyDpletelyC解析：“我”四岁时失去视力，现在已经三十二岁了。由此可推知，此处表示“我”粗略地记得，故选C。roughly“粗略地，大致上”。2A.soBbutCthusDandB解析：根据语境可知，上下文之间是转折关系，故选B。3A.occurredBreferred CbroughtDturnedA解析：“我”想到如果“我”没有失明，“我”可能不会像现在这样热爱生活。It occurs to sb.that.为固定句型，意为“某人想到”。4A.ofBfor CtoDinD解析：“我”父母以及老师看到了“我”内在的一些东西，他们让“我”想要与失明作斗争。根据语境可知，此处应选D。5A.getBfight CfindDdropB解析：参见上题解析。fight against.“与作斗争”。6A.methodBexperience ClessonDmannerC解析：“我”学到的最困难的一课(lesson)就是要相信“我”自己。7A.brokenBput CsettledDlayA解析：如果“我”做不到那样的话，“我”可能已经精神崩溃了。break down“(在健康或精神等方面)垮掉”。8A.courageBambition CbeliefDpowerC解析：根据上文中的“to believe in myself”可知，此处应选C项与上文相照应。9A.firmlyBsimply CfairlyDslightlyB解析：“我”说的信心并不仅仅(simply)指帮助(helps)“我”走下陌生楼梯的自信。10A.stopsBhelps CfindsDgivesB解析：参见上题解析。11A.despiteBbesides CwithoutDunlikeA解析：尽管“我”是一个不完美的人，但是“我”是一个积极的人。despite“尽管”，符合语境。12A.descriptionBexistenceCaccusationDrecognitionD解析：“我”花了很多年才认识到这一点。A项意为“描述”；B项意为“存在”；C项意为“控告”；D项意为“认识”。13A.intelligenceBincidentCtroubleDdeterminationB解析：这得从一件小事开始。A项意为“智慧”，B项意为“小事”；C项意为“麻烦”；D项意为“决心”。14A.chairBbaseball CgameDdesignB解析：根据下文中的“a new kind of baseball”可知，此处指棒球。15A.urgedBblamed CgreetedDteasedA解析：根据语境可知，此处指他一直在敦促“我”。urge “强烈要求，敦促”。16A.goalsBwords CimagesDideasB解析：他所说的话(words)印在“我”的脑海中，故选B。17A.valuableBreasonableCimpossibleDunbearableC解析：这给了“我”一个如何实现“我”认为不可能(impossible)的目标的想法。A项意为“有价值的”；B项意为“合情理的”；C项意为“不可能的”；D项意为“无法容忍的”。18A.discoveredBequippedCformedDinventedD解析：在盲人学校“我”发明(invented)了一种新的被称为“地滚球”的棒球。A项意为“发现”；B项意为“配备”；C项意为“形成”；D项意为“发明”。19A.limitationsBadvantagesCpuzzlesDpersonalitiesA解析：“我”不得不了解自己的不足之处。limitation“(某人或某物的)局限性，不足之处”。20A.senseBprogressCmistakesDdecisionsB解析：“我”有时会失败，但一般说来“我”取得了进步。make progress“取得进步”。四、单句改错1(2018湖南省重点中学联考)When we does make a mistake, we must correct it fully, openly, and as quickly as possible._ 答案：doesdo2The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism to the wildlife in the area._ 答案：第二个toon/upon3Accustoming to living in Tianjin for quite a few years, Mr.Park had little difficulty understanding Chinese._ 答案：AccustomingAccustomed或Accustoming后加himself4Im not a little tired today after giving the room a thorough cleaning and I have never had as more tiring a day as today._ 答案：去掉more5Experts are concerned that Britains youth are prepared to take risk with their health. _ 答案：risk risks或在risk前加a五、单元语法it的用法1(2018陕西西安83中阶段考试)I think _ possible that he has got the ticket for tonights concert.So do I. He seemed very happy for the whole afternoon.答案：it2(2018安徽江南十校联考)_ was only when I watched the film a second time that I had a better understanding of what it was talking about.答案：It3You may depend on _ that they will look after your daughter when you are away.答案：it4From the teachers patient explanation, I have learnt what a big responsibility _ is to educate us.答案：it5(2015广东卷)Its a waste of time playing games and _ will have a bad effect on their study.答案：it
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