资源描述
Unit 1 Great scientists课下作业（一三）课下作业（一） 考点过关针对练.单词拼写1We will have to adopt a more scientific (科学的) approach to preserve the traditional customs.2As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine, we must send for an engineer to handle (处理) the problem.3Researchers find cures (治疗方法) for certain diseases often by using the forests plant and animal life.4(2017江苏高考)Many Chinese brands, having developed their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges (挑战) from the modern market.5Our team was defeated (打败) last night, which made us sad and disappointed.6If you have a(n)positive (积极的) attitude towards your work, you will feel happy.7William tried to join the basketball club but was rejected (拒绝) because of his poor health.8(2018全国卷)Some language experts (专家) believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.9When he came back three hours later, they were still sitting on the sofa, absorbed (使专心) in conversation.10(2017全国卷)He said the lucky woman will be announced (公布) on the website and the trip will be shared online.语境语法填空1Black was severely (severe) ill because of being_exposed (expose) to a deadly virus.After all the attempts to cure him of his disease, the experts announced that the virus were_defeated (defeat) but he needed attending (attend) for a week before he fully recovered.It was said that mosquitoes carrying the virus were to_blame (blame)2Li Pings English teacher is very strict with her and he often encourages her to read some English articles every day, neither too long nor too short.And in this way, Li Ping has_absorbed (absorb) a lot from reading.Every time Li Ping attends the English speech contest, he always instructs (instruction) her patiently.With the help of her teacher, Li Ping has made rapid progress.When faced with difficulties and challenges (challenge), she never gives up.3Now, we are all certain of what is to blame for his poor health.In conclusion (conclude), years of being exposed to the cold climate as well as all the hard work has contributed to his poor health, which absorbs our attention.However, his contributions to the development of space will inspire us.根据提示补全句子1每次我听到那首英文歌，我就禁不住想起我在澳大利亚的那些日子。(every time)Every_time_I_hear_the_English_song,_I cant help thinking of the days when I was in Australia.2(2017全国卷书面表达)我确信它会吸引你，因为你一直热衷于体育运动。(enthusiastic)Im sure it will appeal to you, for youve_been_enthusiastic_about_sports.3我是一名中国学生，我打算在假期去英国参加一个暑期学习班。(attend)I am a student in China and I plan to go to Britain to_attend_a_summer_school during the vacation.4只有当人们和睦相处时，我们才能有一个和谐的社会。(only if .)Only if people live in harmony with each other can_we_have a harmonious society.5这个老师和他的学生都没有碰到过这么难的问题。(neither . nor .)Neither_the_teacher_nor_his_students_have_e_across such a difficult problem.语境辨义根据语境选出动词attend的词义1On his deathbed the General was attended by several doctors._C_2You know, my uncle Li Ming is going to the city where you live to attend an international meeting._B_3She hadnt been attending during the lesson._A_课下作业（二） 话题阅读培优练.根据提示填空Tu Youyou, the_first_Chinese_woman_to_win_the_Nobel_Prize (第一个获得诺贝尔奖的中国女性) in science, has made us all proud.Tu, born in 1930, discovered artemisinin(青蒿素), a drug that has reduced the death rates for patients who were_exposed (expose) to malaria(疟疾)Artemisinin is a gift for the world people from the traditional Chinese medicine.Tus winning the prize shows that China has made_rapid_progress_in (在方面进步很快) scientific and technological field and marks great contributions (contribute) of traditional Chinese medicine to the cause of human health.After graduation, she was_absorbed (absorb) in studying traditional Chinese medicine and wanted to find a cure for malaria.In her study process, though defeated (defeat) many times, she never gave up.At last she put_forward_many_advanced_theories (提出许多先进的方法) and her discovery made a great contribution to the development of traditional Chinese medicine.From her, I realize that only if one can do something successfully in life does it make_sense (有意义).片段选词填空break out， bee involved in， remain， thanks to， for peace， achievement， strengthen， as well as， receive the Nobel Peace Prize， put an end to Bertha von Suttner was the first woman to receive_the_Nobel_Peace_Prize in 1905.She met Alfred Nobel, a rich millionaire, by answering his newspaper ad for a secretary.Although she only worked for him for a few weeks, she remained good friends with Alfred Nobel for the next 20 years.When she became_involved_in the peace movement in Europe, she promised to keep Nobel informed of its progress.When Alfred Nobel died in 1896, his will included the establishment of a peace prize, thanks_to Bertha von Suttners influence.Bertha von Suttner was born in a rich family, but she spent the second half of her life working for_peace.She wrote books, attended peace conferences, gave lectures and helped organize peace societies in Austria, Germany and Hungary, as_well_as the International Peace Bureau in Switzerland.Bertha von Suttner worked so hard for peace because she believed that a terrible war would break_out in Europe if nations didnt work hard to establish lasting peace institutions.She made many major achievements for a more peaceful world, but two months after she died, World War broke out.But like Bertha von Suttner did, many today are working hard around the world to help strengthen peace institutions and spread the idea that its time to put_an_end_to war.课下作业（三） 高考语篇提能练.阅读理解A(2019郑州第二次质量检测)Eight years before his death in 1896, Alfred Nobel was surprised to read an obituary (讣告) in the local newspaper.This was a strange obituary, for it told Alfred Nobel, the man who was reading it, that he was dead.The newspaper had confused Alfred with his brother, Ludvig, who had recently died.Nobel was shocked to read that he had passed away, and he was even more annoyed by the title of his obituary：The merchant of death is dead.Alfred was a very rich and successful armaments manufacturer (武器制造商)This incident got him thinking about his reputation.What would people think of him after his real death? Would they really say “That was a man who profited from killing”？ It was this thought that led him to leave his money a huge amount of it for the founding of the famous Nobel prizes.His aim was for his money to be used to support the ongoing quest (追求) for excellence in the sciences and literature, and the ideal of peace.Thousands of men and women have been honored since the first awards were given out in 1901.The awards let the world know about the developments that may have a huge effect on our lives.However, the prizes are controversial sometimes.There is often protest (抗议) at the award of the Peace Prize when not everyone thinks that the awardwinners deserve the award.Even the award for literature has sometimes been criticized because the award mittee often neglects important writers.The highly influential novelists James Joyce and Marcel Proust, for example, were never honored by the Swedish Academy.Still, for the most part the awards dont cause many plaints.Alfred Nobel founded the prizes to recognize those who have had “the greatest benefit to mankind” and few would disagree that most of the prizewinners among them, Albert Einstein and Martin Luther King Jr. have made contributions that deserve to be honored and remembered.1.How did Alfred Nobel feel when he read the obituary in the newspaper?ASad and worried. BShocked and upset.CSurprised and confused. DAmused and puzzled.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，当Alfred Nobel看到报纸上的这则讣告的时候，非常吃惊。根据第二段第一句可知，他不只是吃惊，而且还很生气，故选B。2What did Alfred Nobel decide to do after reading the obituary?ASeek excellence in the sciences.BDonate all his money to the charity.CStop producing any killing weapons.DSet up the Nobel prizes with his money.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It was this thought that led him to leave his money a huge amount of it for the founding of the famous Nobel prizes.”可知，阿尔弗雷德诺贝尔看到这则讣告之后，想了很多，最终决定把他大笔的钱用于设立著名的诺贝尔奖，故选D。3Why does the author mention James Joyce and Marcel Proust?ATo show the controversy of some Nobel prizes.BTo give examples of influential Nobel prizewinners.CTo explain the standard of giving out the Nobel prizes.DTo prove the influence of the Nobel prizes on literature.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第四段第三句“Even the award for literature has sometimes been criticized because the award mittee often neglects important writers.”(即便是诺贝尔文学奖有时候也会受到批评，因为奖项委员会经常会忽视重要的作家。)可知，作者以这两个人为例，是为了说明有时诺贝尔奖是存在争议的。4What does the author think of the Nobel prizes?AThere should be more female winners.BThere are too many controversial winners.CThey have honored many worthy winners.DThe mittee should be more selective.解析：选C观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“few would disagree that most of the prizewinners .deserve to be honored and remembered”可知，作者认为诺贝尔奖奖励了很多值得赞赏的人，故选C。 B(2019重庆第二次调研)You have just won five million yuan in a lottery (彩票) how would you spend it? Before you know it, ten minutes has gone on daydreaming.There is a time and a place for daydreaming, but we dont have much control over that.Isnt it worrying that an estimated 30 to 50 percent of our waking time is spent daydreaming? What if your dentist is having that lottery daydream while removing your rotten tooth?Some studies suggest daydreaming makes us unhappy because we are not focusing on what is around us but are instead thinking about the past or future.However, a recent study published in the journal Neuropsychologia finds that mindwandering can be of benefit to us.The researchers measured the brain patterns of more than 100 people using an MRI (核磁共振成像) scanner.This data was pared with tests on creative ability and a questionnaire on how much their minds usually wandered.Those whose minds wandered the most scored higher in creative ability tests and had more efficient brain systems measured in the MRI machine.Being efficient at mindwandering means you can_zone_out and then naturally tune back in without missing any important point or step.Christine Godwin, the lead author of the latest study from the Georgia Institute of Technology, says that if you are focusing on difficult tasks, your performance will drop if your mind wanders.But when tasks are easy, people who have high cognitive ability can let their minds wander because it does not affect their performance.You may be thinking about uping goals or problemsolving.These are some of the positive sides to mindwandering.Mindwandering can vary between being more practical or more emotional.What mindwandering seems to be best at, researchers say, is ing up with new solutions to old problems.So, its not always a waste of time!5The first paragraph serves as a(n) _.Aexplanation BintroductionCment Dbackground解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，本段引出了“做白日梦”即思维漫游这个话题，故选B项。6The study published in Neuropsychologia shows that _.Adaydreaming makes us unhappyBwe are focusing on the past or futureCmindwandering is related to creative abilityDthe MRI scanner is helpful in measuring the brain patterns解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However, a recent study .Those whose minds wandered the most scored higher in creative ability tests”可知，神经心理学杂志上发表的一项研究发现，思维漫游对人们有好处，那些思维漫游最多的人在创造力测试中得分更高，故C项“思维漫游和创造力有关”符合文意。7What does the underlined phrase in Paragraph 3 mean?AGet distracted. BFocus on.CBe affected. DHave control.解析：选A词义猜测题。画线短语后的“and then naturally tune back in without missing any important point or step”意为“然后自然地调整回来，而不遗漏任何重要的观点或步骤”，据此可推知，zone out意为“走神，分心”，故选A项。8What is the main idea of the passage?AMindwandering might be dangerous.BDaydreaming might bring benefits.CMindwandering is not a waste of time.DDaydreaming is hard to be controlled.解析：选B主旨大意题。通读全文特别是根据第二段中的“However, a recent study published in the journal Neuropsychologica finds that mindwandering can be of benefit to us.”可知，思维漫游对人们有好处。故选B项。.完形填空On my way back home I was stopped at traffic lights by some people who asked for help.A woman in her attempt to give _1_ to an ambulance had driven her car over stony obstacles that separated the bike line from the street, and, as a result, had gotten her car _2_.She couldnt move the car in any _3_ without damaging it.A couple of people tried to _4_ the car back but the obstacles were too high. The woman in the car tried to _5_ some service, and was told it would take about 45 minutes for someone to get there.Seeing this, I could imagine how _6_ that would be if I were in her shoes.After some talking, she _7_ me to sit inside her car.I tried to _8_ the woman who seemed to feel stressed about causing others _9_.But actually it wasnt too much trouble since they could still pass, and also there wasnt anything she could do about it _10_. I told jokes and we laughed together.Finally _11_ came and helped her back on the street. She thanked me and asked for my phone number so she could return the _12_， but I told her it was okay.She seemed to feel much _13_ when we said our goodbyes.I believe that not having to face a difficult situation _14_ can make a lot of_15_.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者安慰并帮助一位在马路上因为给救护车让行而陷入困境的女士的故事。1A.signalBwayCtime Dhelp解析：选B一位女士试图给一辆救护车让行。give way to . “让行”，为固定搭配。故选B。2A.stuck BbrokenCdirty Dabandoned解析：选A根据下文“She couldnt move the car”可推知，因为给救护车让行，这位女士的车卡(stuck)在那里不能移动。3A.sense BminuteCdirection Dline解析：选C在不损坏车的情况下，无论往哪个方向(direction)都无法移动。4A.lift BholdCpull Ddrive解析：选A根据上文“She couldnt move the car”以及下文“but the obstacles were too high”可推知，车子卡在那里，障碍物太高，不能被抬(lift)回来。5A.offer BseekCrefuse Dtake解析：选B那位女士在车里试图寻求(seek)一些能提供帮助的服务。6A.amazing BpleasantCuneasy Dincredible解析：选C根据上文可知，那位女士的车被卡在障碍物上，其他人又帮不上忙，作者将心比心，觉得此情此景，那位女士一定不舒服(uneasy)。7A.forced BinvitedCordered Dallowed解析：选B根据语境可推知，那位女士邀请(invited)作者坐进她的车里。8A.persuade BfortCfrighten Dsatisfy解析：选B根据空后的“the woman who seemed to feel stressed about causing others _9_”可推知，那位女士似乎感到焦虑不安，作者试图宽慰(fort)她。9A.trouble BdisbeliefCanxiety Dembarrassment解析：选A根据下文中的“But actually it wasnt too much trouble since they could still pass”可推知，那位女士为给他人带来麻烦(trouble)而感到焦虑不安。10A.anyway BthereforeCstill Dsomehow解析：选A根据上文“She couldnt move the car in any _3_ without damaging it.”可推知，无论如何(anyway)，那位女士对当时那种情况也是无能为力的。11A.news Bmy partnerCassistance Dan ambulance解析：选C根据空后的“helped her back on the street”可推知，最终援助(assistance)到了，帮那位女士回到了路上。12A.car BpanyCfavor Dpicnic解析：选C根据语境可推知，那位女士想要作者的电话号码，以回报作者的帮助(favor)。13A.nervous BunwillingCdisappointed Dbetter解析：选D根据语境可知，那位女士从困境中解脱出来，感觉比之前好了许多。故D项符合语境。14A.alone BbravelyCbitterly Ddirectly解析：选A根据上文可知，由于作者的帮助和安慰，那位女士最终心情变得好了许多，由此可推知，她当时不是独自(alone)面对困境。15A.decision BfortuneCchoice Ddifference解析：选D根据上文可知，作者认为不用独自面对困境可以产生很大影响(difference)。
展开阅读全文