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Module 6 The Internet and Telemunications(一)课前自主学习.阅读单词知其意1crash vi.(计算机)崩溃2software n. 软件3fantastic adj. 极好的；美妙的4statistics n. (复)统计数字5sideways adv. 横着地；斜着地6keyword n. 密码；口令7log vt. 记录；登录8via prep. 途经；经由9percentage n. 百分数；百分率10document n. 文件11military adj. 军事的；军队的.重点单词写其形1contain vt. 包含；包括2source n. 来源；出处3average adj. 平均的4pass vt. 超过 5essay n. 文章6breakdown n纵联1 故障7data n. (复)数据8network n. 网络.拓展单词通其变1access n接近；通路accessible adj.可进入的；可使用的2defence n保护；防卫defend vt.防护；防卫3create vt.创造；发明creation n创造(力)creative adj.有创造力的4design vt.设计designer n设计者5invention n发明invent vt.发明inventor n发明者6permission n许可permit vt.许可 n许可证纵联27concentrate vi.集中(注意力、思想等)concentration n集中；专心8independent adj.独立的independence n独立depend v依靠；依赖纵联39frequently adv.时常；经常frequent adj.频繁的；经常发生的frequency n发生率；频率纵联410disadvantage n弊端；缺点(反义词)advantage n优点；长处11shorten vt.缩短short adj.短的；缺乏的纵联512definite adj.明确的definitely adv.明确地；确切地纵联1.“v.prep./adv.”合成名词万花筒breakdown故障breakup破裂breakthrough突破 makeup化妆品gettogether聚会 setback挫折纵联2.sion结尾名词大观园permission许可 decision决定discussion讨论 possession拥有explosion爆炸 expression表达纵联3.“独立”和“依赖”你来挑independent adj.独立的 independence n独立dependent adj.依赖的 dependence n依赖depend v依赖 rely v依赖；依靠纵联4.“频率”变化可不少frequently/often adv.时常 always adv.总是usually adv.通常 sometimes adv.有时seldom/rarely adv.不常 never adv.从不纵联5.“adj.env.”的演变shortshorten缩短 riperipen变成熟strongstrengthen加强 widewiden(使)变宽deepdeepen使变深 sharpsharpen削尖，磨快darkdarken使变暗 hardharden使变硬单元话题互联网与电子通讯子话题1网络术语download vt.下载 blog n& v博客；写博客delete vt.删除 surf v上网；浏览file n文件 mand n命令；指令address n地址 process vt.加工；处理子话题2人工智能breakthrough n突破 convenience n方便；便利function n功能；作用 operate v操作drawback n弊端；不利条件 guarantee n& vt.保证；担保calculate v计算；核算；推测 platform n平台replace vt.替代；取代 municate v通信；传达automatic adj.自动的 digital adj.数字的；数码的intelligent adj.智能的 instant adj.立即的；即时的学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1(2013北京高考阅读D)Not surprisingly, the scientists said, most people thought they were better than average at multitasking, and those who thought they were better at it were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once.But those who (frequent) deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test.写出average在句中的含义：平均水平，该词在本单元中用作形容词，意为：平均的用frequent的正确形式填空：frequently2(2011江西高考阅读C) The garden city was largely the (invent) of Ebenezer Howard (18501928)After immigrating from England to the USA, and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer, he moved to Chicago, where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous fire of 1871.In those days, it was nicknamed “the Garden City”， almost certainly the source of Howards name for his later building plan of towns.Returning to London, Howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing on ideas that were popular at the time, but (create) a unique bination of designs.用invent的正确形式填空：invention写出source在句中的含义：来源，出处写出design在句中的含义：设计用create的正确形式填空：creating高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词补全句子)1(2015广东高考写作)此外，每个学生可能有不同的薄弱学科和优势学科，因此他们应该互相学习以便于优势比劣势多点。(disadvantage)Besides, every student may have different weak and strong subjects, so they should learn from each other so that they can have more_advantages_than_disadvantages.2(2015四川高考书面表达)你也应该记住经常与同学交换笔记是提高你学习成绩的很好的方式。(frequently)You also should keep it in mind that paring_notes_with_your_classmates_frequently is a good way to improve your study.(二)课堂重点释疑1contain vt.包含；包括；容纳；容忍；克制，抑制(感情)记牢contain oneself克制自己；自制container n. 容器练通单句语法填空The stadium is large enough to_contain (contain) 100 thousand audience.Be especially careful of information contained (contain) in advertisements.Hearing the disappointing news, he was too sad to contain himself.辨清contain, includecontain通常用来指某容器中盛有某物、装有某物；还可指某种物质中含有某种成分或含有其他物质，指作为组成部分而被包含或容纳在内include通常表示把某事物作为其中的一部分包含在内，在句中常构成分词短语sth.included或including sth.选用contain, include填空The box contains a number of letters, including those from her admirers and of course his letters included as well.写美补全句子这里面包含了我童年拍摄的许多照片。照片记录了我在医院出生的情况、我的第一次微笑和我的第一次行走。It contains_a_lot_of_pictures_taken_during_my_childhood.It keeps a record of my birth at the hospital, my first smile and my first walk.2access n接近；通路；接近或进入的权利/机会/通路v.进入；存取(尤指电脑数据)；访问辨清写出下列句中access的含义To sum up, low price, easy access to information and wide use make students use puters a lot.进入的机会The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields.通路He accessed three different files to find the correct information.访问记牢(1)access to .接近的机会；进入的权利have/get/gain/obtain access to . 可以接近/会见/进入(2)accessible adj. 可进入的；可使用的be accessible to可进入；可使用；易接近练通单句语法填空(2018江苏高考)Kids shouldnt have access to violent films because they might imitate the things they see.All the sites are free to the public and accessible (access) to anyone with an Internet connection.用准access前通常不加冠词，且access和accessible短语中的to是介词。写美补全句子(2015重庆高考写作)我写信申请“自由分享”， 即把书放在指定地点，由其他参与者自由获取。Im writing to apply for “wild release”， in which you can put the books in the appointed place, and other participants can have_free_access_to_them.3design vt.设计；构思；计划n.设计；图案；构思记牢(1)design .for .为而设计be designed for/to do 计划做；打算用来做be designed as 被设置为(2)by design 蓄意地，故意地练通单句语法填空This course is specially designed for beginners like you, focusing on listening and speaking practice.(2018北京高考)The Center offers programs designed to_challenge (challenge) and inspire with handson tasks and lots of fun.She arrived just as we were leaving, but Im not sure whether this was by accident or by design.写美根据汉语提示完成下面语段Children above 12 are able to take part in skiing or other sports designed_for_them (为他们而设计的)These exercises are_designed_to_build_up_their_body (目的是使他们强身健体)So they all like to do them.联想表示“故意与偶然”的词语小结：(1)故意地by design on purpose deliberately(2)偶然地 by chance by accident accidentally4concentrate vi.集中(注意力、思想等)记牢(1) concentrate ones mind/attention/energy on专心于；集中注意力/精力于concentrate on/upon . 全神贯注于；集中思想(2)concentration n. 专心，集中练通单句语法填空Playing puter games can give us some relaxation after school, but as students we must concentrate on/upon our studies.Lacking sleep caused him poor memory and poor concentration (concentrate)补全句子If you are unable to concentrate_your_attention,_you are unable to achieve your best level.如果你不能集中注意力，你就无法达到最好的水平。写美句式升级He concentrated his mind on his work and didnt notice my appearance.With_his_mind_concentrated_on_his_work,_he didnt notice my appearance.(用with复合结构改写)His_mind_concentrated_on_his_work,_he didnt notice my appearance.(用独立主格结构改写)联想“集中精力于；专心于”的常用短语还有：be absorbed infocus/fix ones attention onapply oneself to devote oneself toput ones heart into be buried in/bury oneself in5average adj.平均的；普通的；正常的；平常的n.平均数；平均水平；一般水准v.平均为；计算出的平均数辨清写出下列句中average的词性及含义The average age of the boys in this class is fifteen.adj.平均的Its said that the newspaper office receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day.n.平均数(2017全国卷) Freddy was an average student, but not an average person.adj.普通的The hotel averages 50 to 100 foreign guests daily.vt.平均为记牢an average of平均有(后跟数词)with the/an average of 平均为on (the/an) average 平均地；在一般情况下above/below (the) average 高于/低于平均数/水平up to the average 达到平均数/水平练通单句语法填空It is said that the time spent on homework by the Chinese students is more than four hours a day on average.To their great joy, their sons schoolwork is well above average.写美翻译句子(2018全国卷书面表达)所有学生每周有两节体育课，每天平均跑20分钟。All_students_have_two_PE_classes_a_week_and_run_for_an_average_of_20_minutes_every_day.词汇过关综合训练.单词拼写1The sun from which we get heat and light is the most important source (来源) of energy.2Every child in our class spends one hour on average (平均) doing the homework every day.3I am satisfied with the fantastic (极好的) workplace since everyone here is easy to get along with.4This book contains (包括) all the information you need, so you can read it carefully.5The book, designed (设计) for young adults, turned out to be popular with the elderly.6Last week, I even forgot to do my English essay (文章)7A lot of jobs will be created (创造) after the factory is pleted in the area.8It is a pity that he lost all the statistics because of the sudden breakdown (故障) of his puter.单句语法填空1We cant leave school from Monday to Friday without the teachers permission (permit) according to the rules.2The time that he can spend making a speech is so limited that he has to shorten (short) his report to 500 words.3Those who have lost their lives in defence (defend) of our country must be remembered forever.4I phone my grandparents frequently (frequent) although I am very busy every day.5Tom always finishes his homework independently (independent), making his parents very happy.6We should protect the public facilities so that everyone can be accessible (access) to them.7The fact that she cant speak a foreign language puts her at a disadvantage (advantage)8Thanks to the invention (invent) of the mobile phone, people can now keep in touch with each other quite easily.根据提示补全句子1(2017北京高考)人们有了比过去更便捷的医疗服务，结果，人们更长寿了。(access)People have_better_access_to health care than they used to，and theyre living longer as a result.2你认为大楼被烧毁是意外事故，还是有意为之？(design)Do you think the building was burnt down by_accident_or_by_design?3(2017全国卷)为了集中精力学习，她已经拒绝了几个在时装秀中走秀的邀请。(concentrate)She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in_order_to_concentrate_on_her_studies.4普通感冒就是一个很好的例子：平均而言，与男人相比，女人更少得感冒。(average)The mon cold is a good example: women, on_average,_get fewer colds than men.5毫无疑问小孩子必须学会保持平衡才能走得更远。(balance)There is no doubt that a small child has to learn to keep_his_balance before he can walk far. (一)课前自主学习1consist_of由组成2as_well 也3pared_with串记1 与相比4e_up_with 串记2 提出5concentrate_on 聚精会神；集中思想6bee_known_as_. 作为而出名；被称为；叫作7log_on/off 注册/注销8go_down 下降9from_that_moment_on 从那时起10a_series_of 一系列的同根短语串记串记1.该“比较”时就“比较”pared with/to 与相比较pare .with . 把与相比pare .to . 把比作in parison with 与相比较串记2.“v.upwith”短语大聚会e up with提出 catch up with赶上；追上keep up with跟上 put up with容忍；忍受1at the moment 此刻， 目前2work as a lecturer 担任讲师3credit card 信用卡4text message 短信5the official language 官方语言6not just 不仅仅1BernersLee made_it_possible_for_everyone_to_use the Internet, not just universities and the army.贝尔纳斯李使每个人都能使用互联网成为可能，而不仅仅限于大学和军队。2Our English teacher is excellent, but she cant_help_everyone in the class in 50 minutes.我们的英语老师非常棒，但是她不可能在50分钟内帮助班里的每一位同学。3Talking_on_a_mobile_phone_is_expensive,_so a lot of people send text messages.用手机谈话很贵，所以很多人发送短信。4Im home now, why_not_give me a call?我现在在家，为什么不给我打电话呢？学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)完形中的短语(补全句子)1(2016北京高考完形填空) Nomes town officials came_up_with (想出；提出) a plan.They would have the medicine sent by rail from Anchorage to Nenana.2(2014福建高考完形填空) And I realized he had been doing what music teachers always stress: concentrate_on (集中注意力于) the music and pretend the others arent there.高考采撷(二)写作中的短语和句式(补全句子)1(2014陕西高考书面表达)这个项目由下列活动组成：背诵、唱歌、拼写单词、讲故事等。The programme consists_of the following activities: recitation, singing, word spelling, storytelling and so on.2(2014湖北高考写作)和逃跑的司机相比，我为我做的事情感到骄傲。pared_with the escaped driver, I am proud of what I did.3(201610月浙江高考写作)不幸地是，这些树使人们不可能从上面看见她。(make itadj.for sb.to do)Unfortunately, the trees made_it_impossible_for_people_to_see her from above.(二)课堂重点释疑短语集释1consist of由组成；由构成记牢(1)consist in在于，存在于consist with 与一致，相吻合(2)consistent adj. 相容的；一致的be consistent with 和一致/相符练通单句语法填空Life mainly consists of happiness and sorrow while happiness consists in struggle.Remember that your ideal life does not always consist with the reality.If what you say is not consistent (consist) with what you do, it will have a bad effect on your children.用准(1)由consist组成的几个短语consist of/in/with都不能用于被动语态和进行时态，其非谓语动词应用现在分词形式。(2)表示“由组成/构成”的短语还有：be made up of, be posed of, make up等。写美一句多译生活中不仅仅有阳光，还有艰难的日子。Life consists_of not only sunshine but also hard times.Life is_made_up_of not only sunshine but also hard times.Life is_posed_of not only sunshine but also hard times.Not only sunshine but also hard times make_up life.2e up with提出；想出；赶上记牢e up走近；上来；被提出，被提及(无被动形式)e about 发生；产生e across (偶然)遇见；发现；被理解e out 出来；出版e to 来到(某地)；加起来总共；恢复知觉When it es to . 当涉及/谈到时练通介、副词填空(201710月浙江高考) Unfortunately, on the way an unpleasant subject came up and they started to quarrel.(2016天津高考) When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I hadnt seen for years.Several new books will have e out by the end of next month.How did it e about that the man was dismissed?用准e up的主语是物，表示“(计划、建议、议题等)被提出”，为不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态；而e up with主语是人或团体组织，表示“(某人)提出”，为及物动词短语。写美句型转换(2016北京高考书面表达) In our class the idea came up to make better use of used materials.Our class came_up_with the idea to make better use of used materials.句式集释make itadj.for sb.to do sth.教材原句BernersLee made_it_possible_for_everyone_to_use the Internet, not just universities and the army.悟拓展例句(1)Nowadays convenient transport makes it possible for us to_travel (travel) around the world within minutes.(2)Susan made it clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.(3)I consider it no use quarrelling (quarrel) with him about it.析用法规则用法归纳(1)动词it形容词/名词 (for sb.) to do sth. (2)动词it形容词/名词that从句(3)动词itno good/no use/no value/worth/worthwhiledoing sth.注意事项(1)当不定式短语或从句等作宾语时，多用it作形式宾语；(2)常用于该句型的动词有：make, think, consider, find, feel, believe等。背写作佳句(1)We think it wrong that the child sits in front of TV sets or puters for a long time.(开头句)(2)I found it difficult to make friends in this new school at first.(要点句)词块、句式过关综合训练.选词填空consist of, bee known as, e up with, from that moment on, go down, concentrate on, pared with, a series of1I cant concentrate_on my work with the kids running back and forth in the room.2The solution to the problem he came_up_with at the meeting has been supported by most people.3She became_known_as a student singer when she was a middle school student.4This book consists_of six modules and we will have learnt them by the end of next month.5He failed the College Entrance Examination last year.From_that_moment_on,_he was determined to study hard.6pared_with those who stand by, I am proud of what I have done for the injured lady in the accident.7It is known to all that water bees ice when the temperature goes_down below zero.8In that discussion, the students have put forward a_series_of questions.根据提示补全句子1(2016北京高考)为了更容易联系我们，你最好将这张卡片放在身边。(make itadj.to do .)To make_it_easier_to_get_in_touch_with_us,_youd better keep this card at hand.2参观展览会能使你接触到中国传统文化。为什么不试一下呢？(Why not do .？)Visiting the exhibition will make you exposed to Chinese traditional culture.Why_not_have_a_try?3事实是并不是每个人都把合理安排时间看得重要。(部分否定)The truth is that not_everyone is attaching great importance to time management.4这么好的天气在阳光下散步是一件惬意的事情。(动名词短语作主语)Walking_in_the_sun_in_such_a_day_is a pleasant thing.5你认为他最近发生了什么？(do you think作插入语)What_do_you_think_has_happened_to him recently?.应用文分步写作对于孩子们使用互联网，有人支持，认为优点颇多，也有人反对，认为对孩子的健康有害。请根据下列要点写一篇80词左右的文章谈谈你的看法。1优点：互联网是一个好的信息源；2缺点：(1)网上有太多为孩子们设计的游戏；(2)一些孩子甚至登录一些不好的网站。3你的观点第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点本文时态为一般现在时，人称为第三人称。文章可分三个段落来写：第一段引出话题，提出论点。第二段(要点1、2)介绍互联网的优缺点。题目所给的优缺点比较宽泛，写作时应该细化，如介绍互联网是一个好的信息源可说“孩子们可以了解外面的世界也可以在上面读文章”以及“他们甚至可以借助网络途径做作业”；介绍网上有太多为孩子们设计的游戏时可谈及“一些孩子玩游戏太频繁”。第三段(要点3)陈述个人观点时可以指明重要的是你如何利用它。开头语：现在越来越多的孩子们使用互联网。(access)Nowadays_more_and_more_children_have_access_to_the_Internet.要点1：孩子们可以了解外面的世界也可以在上面读文章。(essay, as well)Children_can_get_to_know_the_outside_world_and_read_essays_on_it_as_well.要点1：他们甚至可以借助网络途径做作业。(via)They_can_even_do_their_homework_via_the_Internet.要点2：有太多为孩子们设计的游戏。(design)There_are_too_many_games_designed_for_children.要点2：一些孩子玩游戏太频繁。(frequently)Some_children_play_games_so_frequently.要点2：另一些孩子甚至登录一些不好的网站。(log on)Others_even_log_on_some_bad_websites.要点3：在我看来，重要的是你如何利用它。(concerned, matter)As_far_as_Im_concerned,_what_matters_most_is_how_you_make_use_of_it.第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼论述使用互联网的优缺点彼此孤立，会导致表述散乱，需要一个总起句给予统领，可在开头语后补充“上网既有优点也有缺点”这一过渡性语句；要点2的表达显得单调干瘪，可以添加结果状语从句“他们不能集中精力学习”；要点2中一些孩子登录不好的网站，可以用现在分词短语作后置定语来解释这些网站的内容；要点3发表自己的看法和观点时可引用“任何事物都有两面性”这一谚语，以提升作文档次。补充衔接句：上网既有优点也有缺点。(surf)Surfing_the_Internet_has_both_advantages_and_disadvantages.拓展要点2：一些孩子玩游戏太频繁以至于无法把精力集中到学习上。(so .that .引导的结果状语从句； concentrate on)Some_children_play_games_so_frequently_that_they_cant_concentrate_on_their_studies.拓展要点2：另一些孩子甚至登录一些包含不健康信息或图片的不好的网站。(现在分词短语作后置定语)Others_even_log_on_some_bad_websites_containing_unhealthy_news_or_pictures.拓展要点3：在我看来，任何事物都有两面性。重要的是你如何利用它。(matter)As_far_as_Im_concerned,_every_coin_has_two_sides.What_matters_most_is_how_you_make_use_of_it.第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡本写作可采用总分式结构组织全文。要注意分清层次和段落，可用“The Internet is a good information source.”引出互联网的优点；用“However， it also has disadvantages.”引出互联网的缺点。在衔接成文时注意各个要点之间逻辑连贯、行文通顺。Nowadays_more_and_more_children_have_access_to_the_Internet.Surfing_the_Internet_has_both_advantages_and_disadvantages.The_Internet_is_a_good_information_source.Children_can_get_to_know_the_outside_world_and_read_essays_on_it_as_well.They_can_even_do_their_homework_via_the_Internet.However,_it_also_has_disadvantages.There_are_too_many_games_designed_for_children.Some_children_play_games_so_frequently_that_they_cant_concentrate_on_their_studies.Others_even_log_on_some_bad_websites_containing_unhealthy_news_or_pictures.As_far_as_Im_concerned,_every_coin_has_two_sides.What_matters_most_is_how_you_make_use_of_it.理清文体结构之(六)记叙文之空间顺序“移步换景”巧解题记叙文中的空间(地点)顺序一般指在同一个时间背景下，不同地点、不同场景发生的事情。“移步换景”是此类记叙文的明显特点，文章中的情节随着地点的更迭变换而跌宕起伏。因此，此类记叙文中地点多、情节较复杂，阅读此类文章可采用“移步换景”法，即一边阅读、一边标注出在不同地点发生了什么事情，进而从整体上把握全文内容。高考典例2018天津卷B篇移步地点更迭变换高考典例2018天津卷B篇换景情节变化发展地点1地点2地点3地点4地点5地点6地点7地点8地点91When I was 17, I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay, once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay. She had requested the munity to turn it into a museum upon her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drove over to the museum. She asked, “Do you have the address？” “No, but Ill recognize it, there was a picture in the magazine.”2“Oh, stop. There it is！”3The museum was free. We entered, excited. A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared at us.4“May I help you？” a man asked. “No，” I said.“Were fine.” Tour guides got on my nerves. What if they talked a long time about a painting you werent that interested in? Sally had gone upstairs. The people in the hall seemed very nosy (爱窥探的), keeping their eyes on me with curiosity. What was their problem? I saw some nice sculptures in one room. Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me. “Where
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