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必修2Unit 4Wildlife protection一、阅读理解APeople who possess high selfesteem are able to mit better and produce a greater bond in relationships with others. Dr. Douglas feels that most people do not value themselves, but with love and selfrespect anyone can be above normality and grasp success with the family, the office, or others.We have bee too reliant on intelligence, beauty, and money for our own selfesteem. The loss of esteem reduces the will and ability to set and reach goals. In a series of reading Douglas teaches how to avoid negative statements, how to change them into selffacing behavior, and how to take charge of your mental attitude. Where other motivational and selfhelp work stops with the theoretical plan for success, Douglas takes everyday examples and puts them into his books. From raising children who believe in themselves to using selfesteem to help bridge the gap in the workplace, he gives readers concrete solutions to the problems that might ruin their interpersonal relations. Selfesteem building es from filling your thoughts with positive affirmations (肯定) and learning to react to failures with motivation instead of selfdestruction. These lessons are valuable for anyone who feels that life is even slightly out of control. People who feel they have adequate esteem can learn to use it to make their success grander, faster, and more beneficial for others. Douglas approaches this process of selfdevelopment as a means of more than creating good things for the individual but also for setting up keys for influencing good things for others.For more than thirty years, Dr. Douglas has addressed more than two million people on topics from time management to speaking effectively to raising drugfree children. He is the author of fifteen books, including How to Make a Habit of Succeeding.【文章大意】本文主要讲述了自尊心强的优势，以及如何培养自尊。【难句分析】From raising children who believe in themselves to using selfesteem to help bridge the gap in the workplace, he gives readers concrete solutions to the problems that might ruin their interpersonal relations. 分析：本句是一个复合句。who引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词children；that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词problems。 译文：从培养那些自信的孩子到运用自尊心消除职场上的分歧，他给了读者一些具体的应对那些可能毁了他们人际关系的问题的解决办法。1What can we infer from Paragraph One?AMost people behave well enough.BSelfrespect means being above normality.CSelfesteem matters much.Dmitting better equals greater success.答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据第一段第一句“People who possess high selfesteem are able to mit better and produce a greater bond in relationships with others”和第一段的整体内容可推知，自尊心很重要，故选C。A项错在大部分人行为良好，文章中提到的是大部分人不重视自己；B项错在自尊意味着超越平凡，与文章中的“anyone can be above normality”不符；D项错在做得好就等于更大的成功，与文章中的“anyone can.grasp success”不符，故排除。2Why does Douglas put everyday examples into his books?ATo be reliant on selfesteem. BTo set and reach goals. CTo avoid negative thoughts. DTo offer concrete solutions.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第二段的最后一句“From raising children who believe in themselves to using selfesteem to help bridge the gap in the workplace, he gives readers concrete solutions to the problems that might ruin their interpersonal relations”可知，Douglas把日常的具体案例写进自己的书里是为了给出具体的应对方法。故选D。3What does the author advise those whose life is slightly out of control to do? ALearn to be positive. BFace it unmotivatedly. CAdmit selfdestruction.DAsk for help.答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第三段的第一句“Selfesteem building es from filling your thoughts with positive affirmations(肯定) and learning to react to failures with motivation instead of selfdestruction”可知，对于那些感觉生活有些失控的人作者建议他们肯定自己，积极应对，故选A。4Whats the most important to be selfdevelopment?AInfluencing the individual.BInfluencing more people.CGaining more benefits.DSpeaking more effectively.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第三段的最后一句“Douglas approaches this process of selfdevelopment as a means of more than creating good things for the individual but also for setting up keys for influencing good things for others”可知，自我发展最重要的是影响更多的人，故选B。BEveryone knows that death is natural, but do you have any idea of the process of dying? Modern scientists divide the process of dying into two stages clinical or temporary death and biological death. Clinical death occurs when the vital organs, such as the heart or lungs, have stopped functioning, but have not suffered permanent damage. The organism can still be saved. Biological death occurs when changes in the organism lead to the “breaking up” of vital cells and tissues. Death is then unchangeable and final.Scientists have been seeking a way to prolong the period of clinical death so that the organism can remain alive before biological death occurs. The best method developed so far involves cooling the organism, bined with narcotic (麻醉) sleep. By slowing down the bodys metabolism (新陈代谢), cooling delays the processes leading to biological death.To show how this works, scientists performed an experiment on a six-year-old female monkey called Keta. The scientist put Keta to sleep with a narcotic. Then they surrounded her body with ice-bags and began checking her body temperature. When it had dropped to 28 degrees the scientists began taking blood out from an artery (动脉). The monkeys blood pressure decreased and an hour later both the heart and breathing stopped: clinical death set in. For twenty minutes Keta remained in this state. Her temperature dropped to 22 degrees. At this point the scientists pumped blood into an artery in the direction of the heart and started artificial breathing. After two minutes Ketas heart became active once more. After fifteen minutes, spontaneous (自发的) breathing began, and after four hours Keta opened her eyes and lifted her head.After six hours, when the scientists tried to give her a penicillin (青霉素) injection, Keta seized the syringe (注射器)and ran with it around the room.Her behavior differed little from that of a healthy animal.1.For a person who suffers from the clinical death _.A. heisstillverymuchaliveB. hecannotavoidfinaldeathC. hismostimportantorgansaredamaged foreverD. he still has the possibility of getting back to life2.Scientists try to make the time of clinical death longer in order to _.A. cooltheorganismB. delaytheingofbiologicaldeathC. slowdownthebodysmetabolismD. bring vital cells and tissues back to active life3.The text mainly talks about _.A. clinical death and biological deathB.an experiment on a monkeyC. the meaning of deathD. the process before death4.From the underlined sentence in the last paragraph we can know that _.A. Keta was impoliteB. Keta was healthyC. Keta was illD. Keta was crazy【文章大意】本文主要叙述了为了延缓生理死亡的到来，科学家尽量延长临床死亡的时间。1.D 【解析】细节理解题。由文章第一段内容“Clinical death occurs when the vital organs, such as the heart or lungs, have stopped functioning, but have not suffered permanent damage. The organism can still be saved”可知，一个临床死亡的人还有可能活过来，故选D。3.A 【解析】主旨大意题。文章第一段提出了人类死亡的两个阶段：临床死亡和生理死亡；第二段提出科学家们想办法延长临床死亡；第三段通过用猴子做实验来验证延长临床死亡的方法，故本文主要论述了临床死亡和生理死亡，选A项。4.B 【解析】推理判断题。结合文章最后一句“Her behavior differed little from that of a healthy animal.”（她的行为无异于健康动物的行为），可推知划线部分句子说明Keta是健康的，故选B项。二、七选五(2018甘肃省兰州市高考诊断考试)What makes people successful? Take a look around and talk to your friends and seniors who are very successful, you will see all of them have adopted certain values which have proved important for their success.It is evident that successful people take initiative (主动性). When they find something needs to be done, they never hesitate to do it. _1_ They weigh immediately what has to be done and then do it with pleasure, thus strengthening their reputation. Successful people do things with great enthusiasm, especially when they believe in what they are doing. They are motivated by their own satisfaction and the joy they get from doing their work. _2_ They do not fear failure. Failures and disappointments in life are unavoidable. _3_ Successful people pick themselves up after a fall and try again with more determination and mitment and learn from each failure. They associate with those they can learn from and enjoy the pany of those appreciating their achievement. Having a good IQ often gets a person what he wants but its really the EQ that keeps him there and helps him enjoy a high reputation. _4_ By giving respect to others, they mand respect for themselves. _5_ Its better to praise others and win favor with them. So instead of plaining about a situation, successful people always try to solve it.ASuccessful people never plain.BSuccessful persons dont make excuses.CThey work hard even when no one is watching.DThey believe that responsibility is taken, not given.EIts failure that teaches us much more than success.FIts hard to be successful if you dont trust the people around you.GSuccessful people are polite to everyone and treat others with respect.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了成功人士所具有的共同特征。【难句分析】Having a good IQ often gets a person what he wants but its really the EQ that keeps him there and helps him enjoy a high reputation.(第五段第一句)分析：本句是一个复合句。Having a good IQ是动名词短语作主语；what引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语；its really the EQ that keeps him there and helps him enjoy a high reputation是强调句，对主语the EQ进行强调。译文：拥有高智商会让一个人得到他想要的，但是其实是情商使他维持自己的地位，并帮助他享有高的声誉。1答案与解析：D根据本段第一句“It is evident that successful people take initiative(主动性)”可知，成功的人往往积极主动，而不是被动接受任务，所以选D项。2答案与解析：C根据上文中的“They are motivated by their own satisfaction and the joy they get from doing their work.”可知，因为成功人士能够从工作中得到满足和乐趣，所以他们会自己努力，不需要别人监督，故选C项。3答案与解析：E根据下文中的“Successful people pick themselves up after a fall and try again with more determination and mitment and learn from each failure.”可知，E项“正是失败教会我们更多，而不是成功”符合语境，故选E项。4答案与解析：G根据下文中的“By giving respect to others, they mand respect for themselves.”可知，G项“成功人士礼貌待人，尊敬他人”符合语境，故选G项。5答案与解析：A本段主要讲的是成功人士不抱怨，总是努力解决问题，故选A项作本段的主题句。三、短文改错(2018临沂模拟)Last weekend, my parents and I start early to visit my grandpa in the countryside where is about 80 km away. When we arrived, we saw some dishes had been preparing for us. My grandpa was more than happy to see me or have dinner with them. As my grandpa is a good cook, so we ate up all the delicious dishes. After dinner, he listened my report about the life in school. He told me to take more exercise to stay health. He also told me to study hardly to get further education in a key university to make the greater contribution to our motherland.答案：Last weekend, my parents and I early to visit my grandpa in the countryside is about 80 km away. When we arrived, we saw some dishes had been for us. My grandpa was more than happy to see me have dinner with . As my grandpa is a good cook, we ate up all the delicious dishes. After dinner, he listened my report about the life in school. He told me to take more exercise to stay . He also told me to study to get further education in a key university to make greater contribution to our motherland.四、短文语法填空We live in a world where snapping (抓拍) photos of your kids and posting them to social media is about as natural to parents as kissing them.But when enjoying _1_ (they) with little ones, sharing pictures at birthday parties, or wearing new _2_ (cloth), parents should keep some moments private.Otherwise, you may put kids into embarrassment, or even _3_ (bad), make them a potential target for child traders._4_， children at certain stages hate their photos to be made public too.Now, parents _5_ post pictures of their children on social media could be accused by their sons or daughters under Frances privacy laws.Mothers and fathers are likely _6_ (face) a year in prison and a fine of 35,000, if they _7_ (find) guilty of posting details of their childrens private lives without their permission.And adults, who accuse that their parents damaged their right to privacy when they _8_ (be) children, could receive a large amount of money from their parents.In February, Eric Delcroix，_9_ expert on Internet law, posted a message on WeChat, reading：“Please stop _10_ (post) pictures of your kids on WeChat.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要呼吁父母不要轻易将孩子的照片放到社交媒体上以保护其隐私。1themselvesenjoy oneself为固定搭配，意为“玩得高兴”，故用反身代词themselves。2clothesclothes是名词，意为“衣服”，这里指“穿新衣服”，故用clothes。cloth意为“布料”。3worseeven用来修饰比较级，故用worse，意为“甚至更糟糕的是”。4Besides/Furthermore/Moreover根据对空格前后语境的理解可知，这里并列叙述了将孩子的照片放到社交媒体上的两个缺点，所以这两点之间应用承接副词Besides/Furthermore/Moreover，意为“此外”。注意首字母大写。5who/thatparents后为定语从句，定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词是parents，指人，故用关系代词who/that引导从句。6to facebe likely to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“很可能做某事”，故用to face。7are foundfind与前面的主语they之间是被动关系，且全文时态主要是一般现在时，故用are found。8were根据前面的“And adults, who accuse that their parents damaged their right to privacy .”可知，此处指当他们是孩子的时候，是过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填were。9anan expert on Internet law为同位语，解释说明了Eric Delcroix。同位语中常用不定冠词，表示 “一”；因为expert的读音是以元音音素开头的，故用an。10postingstop doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“停止做某事”，符合语境。故填posting。
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